y. khosravi

Considering the importance of greenhouse crops on the one hand and the need to improve the level of technical knowledge and skills of greenhouse owners in order to increase their production performance on the other hand, this survey research was conducted with the main purpose of identifying and analyzing the training needs of greenhouse owner in Zanjan province. The statistical population of the research was made up of 147 active greenhouse owners with operation licenses in Zanjan province in 2022 of which 120 were selected through the stratified sampling method with proportional assignment. The research instrument for data collection was a questionnaire, the content validity of which was established by the faculty members of University of Zanjan and the experts of Jihad Agriculture Organization of Zanjan Province. In order to check the reliability of the questionnaire, a pilot study was also conducted, and the value of Cronbach's alpha calculated for the main scale of the questionnaire named training needs of greenhouse owners. The results of reliability analysis through Cronbach's alpha demonstrated an acceptable (i.e., 0.89) level of reliability for the research instrument. The collected data were analyzed using SPSSWin26 software. The results showed that the greenhouse owners' training needs in Zanjan Province can be loaded on six components including “factors related to technical issues before planting and after harvesting”, “technical issues related to crop planting”, “greenhouse management and harvesting and packaging”, “methods of marketing, advertising and value enhancement of the crop”, “location and technical issues related to the design of the greenhouse”, and “pests and diseases and their management”. Moreover, the results indicated that the intensity of training needs among the surveyed greenhouse owners, especially cucumber producers, was high, indicating the necessity of compiling and implementing related courses to cover the greenhouse owners' training needs.

Unemployment of agricultural and natural resources graduates is one of the challenges that can be solved to some extent by forming agricultural cooperatives. In the various fields of production, distribution of inputs, conversion and processing, and marketing of agricultural products agricultural cooperatives are of the necessary potential to create employment for agricultural graduates. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the behavioral intention of agricultural students towards the formation of agricultural cooperatives using the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The statistical population is all undergraduate students of Lorestan University in the academic year 1400. Using Cochran's formula, 363 cases were determined as the sample size. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed by content validity analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficients, respectively. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS and PLS software. The results showed that the behavioral intention of students to form agricultural cooperatives is influenced by the variables of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, and these three variables are also affected by the three variables of behavioral beliefs, normative beliefs, and controlled beliefs, respectively. According to the results, the effects of students' behavioral beliefs, normative beliefs, and controlled beliefs on their attitude, subjective beliefs, and perceived behavioral control towards the formation of agricultural cooperatives were significant. Also, the three variables of attitude, subjective beliefs, and perceived behavioral control have significant effects on students' behavioral intention towards forming agricultural cooperatives. These three variables explained 62.7% of the variance of students' intention. The implications of this research can be a guide for cooperative planners and those in charge of the employment of students in the field of agriculture and natural resources.

It has been more than 20 years that the Measurement of Pollution in The Troposphere (MOPITT) mission onboard the NASA Terra satellite keeps providing us CO atmospheric concentration measurements around the globe. The current paper observes CO mixing ratio from the MOPITT Version 8 (MOP03J_V008) instrument in order to study the spatiotemporal analysis of CO (spanning from April 2000 to February 2020) in the Troposphere of Iran. Results indicate that the average CO in Iran’s troposphere has been 133.5 ppbv (i.e., 5.5 ppbv lower than the global mean CO). The highest distribution of CO (with an average of 150 ppbv) belongs to the city of Tehran (the capital of Iran) as well as the Caspian Sea coastal area, while the lowest value (with an average of less than 110 ppbv) has been estimated on the Zagros Mountains (southwestern Iran). The highest and lowest CO values have been observed in cold and hot months, respectively. Seasonally speaking, it is also clear that the highest and lowest carbon monoxide values occur in winter and summer, respectively. The vertical profile of MOPITT CO shows the maximum CO concentration at lower levels of the troposphere. It has been expanded up to 150 hPa. The trend is investigated by means of Pearson correlation coefficient statistical method. Overall, long-term monitoring of MOPITT CO in Iran indicates a decreasing trend of tropospheric CO over the 20 years (Y=-0.008X+449.31). Possible reasons for such a decrease can be related to improved transportation fleet, increased fuel quality, plans for traffic control, promotion of heating systems, and promotion of industrial fuels and factories.

Accidents and injuries are a cause for concern for all countries in the world. Cognitive failures can be defined as cognitive-based errors on simple tasks that a person should normally be able to complete without fault; these mistakes include problems with memory, attention or action. The present study was designed to investigation of relationships between occupational cognitive failures and safety performance among bus drivers.

In this descriptive analytical study, 129 bus drivers completed an occupational cognitive failure questionnaire (OCFQ) and the DBQ as well as answered questions on accident involvements. Correlation and regression analysis were used for data processing.

Occupational cognitive failures have a significant direct positive effect on all driving unsafe behaviors including intended and unintended violations, slips and mistakes.

For assessment of safety performance in occupational driving jobs, we must use a valid instrument. The cognitive failures can predict bus drivers’ engagement in safe or unsafe behaviors.

Background and aims   Nowadays, organisations: trying to utilize HSE system, To establish an appropriate system in the line of maintenance and promotion of healthy work environment without any accidents, injuries, and pollution.  HSE management system is a tool to control and improve the performance of health and safety  and environment in all development programs of industrial and other structural organizations. This is in fact an integrated system, so that all human financial and equipment resources will support each other to provide a healthy and convenience environment with no any accident and injuries.   Methods   In this case study all components of an HSE management system is review briefly and explain the role of this system in accident reduction rate and work efficiency in an oil company in the Persian Golf.Three years activities of HSE system in this company been studied, using all  reports and any related documents. Different variances as indicators had been defined with which  the annual performance of the HSE system, of the company have been evaluated.   Results   The results show that there are significant improvement in health, safety and environment during the period of 2001-2003 as HSE system implemented.  The rate of LTIF decreased from 0.69 in 2001 to 0.5 in 2003 or FAR decreased from 2.2 in 2001 to  0.7 in 2003, and the air pollution of SO 2 decreased from 397 T. in 2001 to 309T. in 2003.   Conclusion   This study indicated that although the number of employees, number of working hours and number of projects increased significantly during the years 2001 to 2003, but the rate of  different related indicators decreased such as LTIF, TRIR, FAR and pollutants like SO 2 , Co 2 , No  and CH4.