فهرست مطالب yadollah mansouri

Regarding Arabic loanwords in Farsi, the dominant view is that the arrival of Arabic words in the Islamic period, that is, after Islam came to Iran, was mostly in Persian in the sixth and seventh centuries and their presence in Persian texts is strong and intensified. In this research, we are trying to show, as far as the documents are available, that the introduction of Arabic words into Persian language happened a long time ago,And this cultural-linguistic exchange has probably taken place since the time when Iranians and Arabs have been in contact with each other, that is, since the Achaemenid period.

Fortition as one of the common phonological processes is the opposite of lenition. It occurs mostly in the initial position of the syllables and words. The present research has studied the fortition processes and evolutions from the Middle Persian to the Modern Persian based on positional strength approach, sonority sequencing principle (SSP), and syllable contact law (SCL). To do this, 120 middle Persian words were selected from different Pahlavi dictionaries and were analyzed. The research findings are as follows: 1. Middle Persian words in their evolution to Modern Persian have undergone occlusivization, glide fricativization, buccalization, devoicing, and insertion on their initial positions; 2. The process of glide fricativization in the initial position of syllables has occurred based on sonority sequencing principle and syllable contact law, and it has also occurred to keep syntagmatic and pragmatic oppositions. 3. The strong position of words and syllables in their evolutions from the Middle Persian to the Modern Persian is disjunctive. 4. The fortition trajectory from the Middle Persian to the Modern Persian has two dimensions namely desonorization and the change in laryngeal position and the place of articulation.

This study is concerned with the factors affecting the direction of assimilation in Iranian south western languages based on Sibawayh approach. To do this, five different assimilation processes were studied in these languages. According to Dabirmoghadam (2013), the Iranian south western group of languages is divided into 7 languages which are Farsi, Davani, Lori, Delvari, Larestani, Laraki and Bakhtiari. The data were gathered using several fieldwork and printed sources. Among the achievements is, the dominance of inherent features in assimilation which inherited to some consonants related to their place and manner of articulation as “inherent strength”, such as [+strident] and [+nasal]. The other dominant factor is the “positional strength” of “onset” rather than “coda” which determines the direction in assimilation. While these two factors, compete in a context, no assimilation occurs and “neutralization” will take place. Another achievement is that in these studied languages, the assimilation processes mainly occur progressively than regressively.

The Molki dialect is one of the common dialects in the Gafr, Parmount, and Zangik district of the southern parts of Bashgard, known as Molki gal. This dialect is from the dialect, belonging to the Southwest Iranian dialect family, which is geographically located at the borderline point of the Baluch language family; therefore, in terms of linguistic coordinates, it is the circle of the two linguistic families. Due to the spread of public education and the influx of media and the influence of urban culture, it has been subjected to destruction and destruction. The purpose of the present research is to describe the current system of civilian dialect in this area. For this purpose, the grammatical categories related to the verb, including the vagaries of the time, grammatical, expression, aspect, orientation and direction in this language, have been studied and described. The results of the research indicate that the current device of this dialect uses distinct and variegated vagaries mechanisms for displaying distinctions related to the top five categories, including the distinction of this dialect in the application of the term active block, And the use of dual construct in this dialect. The collection of linguistic data in this dialect is in the form of interviews (questions and answers) as well as free speech recording with five speakers living in this area through dialogue with five men and two women with an average age of about fifty years old / Illiterate

The article deals with the study of the grammatical function of the preposition “az” in all three periods of Old, Middle, and Modern Persian. It, then, discusses the lexical and semantic changes of “az” as well as its grammatical function in the three stages of Persian.