zahra mardanshahi

Professional ethics is one of the most important issues in medical ethics. The aim of this investigation was to study the levels of professional ethics among medical interns in Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences in a clinical setting from the perspective of professors.

This descriptive-analytical study was performed in 161 faculty members of the Medical School in 2020. The samples were selected using census sampling. A researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 25 items on internship professional ethics was administered. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and applying t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient.

Participants included 66.5% males and 93.8% were married. According to the viewpoints of professors, most internschr('39') professional ethics was at a good level (86.71±9.74). The professional ethics of most interns was found to be at a good level (49.06%). Findings showed no significant relationship between professional ethics evaluation score and age, gender, marital status, and working experience of the faculty members (P>0.05). The highest score was given by professors in otorhinolaryngology department (114±5.65) and the lowest score was given by the department of emergency medicine (78.57±4.27) (P<0.05).

A good level of professional ethics was seen in most interns. In this study, male and married professors had more favorable opinions about professional ethics of interns.

Respiratory function of patients is a major part of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. It is affected by the dimensions of the pharyngeal airway. In this study, these dimensions were compared in patients with different skeletal patterns.

This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed studying the cephalograms of patients attending the Orthodontic Clinic affiliated with Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences 2016-17. After tracing, 144 cephalograms were divided into three groups: class I, II, and III (n= 48 per group) based on the ANB angle. The nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, and hypopharyngeal dimensions were measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS V24.

The highest mean dimensions amongst nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, and hypopharyngeal spaces were found in class I (21.25mm), III (10.49mm), and III (15.89mm), respectively. There was no significant difference between class I and II in the nasopharyngeal space (P=0.108). There were significant differences in the mean dimensions of all three spaces studied between class I and III and class II and III (P <0.05).

Airway dimensions seem to vary among different classes of sagittal malocclusion. The dimensions of oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal airways decrease with increase in ANB angle, but the dimensions of the nasopharyngeal airway are not associated with the changes in ANB angle and are higher in people with class I skeletal occlusion.

Optimal management of proximal tibial fractures remains to be a clinical challenge. Most studies on this condition have been conducted on cadaver specimens, and few have compared the clinical outcomes of single and double plating methods in these fractures.
The current study aimed to compare the postoperative outcomes and complications of the single and double plating methods in the treatment of metaphysical proximal tibial fracture.
We treated 40 patients with metaphyseal tibial fracture with single or double plating methods (20 in each group). Patients were followed after 2 and 6 weeks, and 3 and 6 months; all were assessed for malunion, nonunion, and malalignment deformities.
In the double plating group, numerically better flexion and extension range was not significant (p >0.05). However, in the interpretation of the Lysholm Knee Score questionnaire, a significantly higher proportion of good and excellent postoperative outcomes were found in the double plating group (p=0.041). In the double plating group, 15%, 15%, 40%, and 30% of patients were categorized as having poor, fair, good, and excellent outcomes, respectively. These proportions were 30%, 45%, 15%, and 10% among the single plating group respectively. Moreover, we detected positive valgus stress test in the single plating method in 30% of the cases, compared with 5% in the double plating method (p=0.037). Similarly, we observed that 20% of the cases with positive varus stress test in the single plating method, compared with the double plating method that had no cases who tested positive (p=0.035). The observed significant differences survived after we controlled for the positive stress test using regression models. It should be noted that in the single plating group, one case of valgus malalignment with 10° and one case of varus malalignment with 5° were observed.
Our results highlight that the choice of the double plating method to be associated with significantly better outcomes and fewer complications in the treatment of proximal tibial metaphyseal fracture.

In the article published in Volume 27, issue 158, 2017, the Results section in English Abstract have been published incorrectly. The correct Results is given below:
The most frequent sizes of mass were 2-4 cm (n=33, 54%) and 4-5 cm (n=23, 38%). Among the patients, 35 (67.3%) had one tumor before, in 11.5% renew tumor happened, and 65.4% had one tumor after treatment. Liver tumors were controlled in 76.9% in case group which was statistically higher than that in control group (P

Background and Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women and the most common cancer causing liver metastases. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a new method in treatment of liver metastases. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of RFA on liver metastatic breast tumors.
In a randomized clinical trial, 52 patients with liver metastases from breast cancer who had less than 5 lesions In a randomized clinical trial, 52 patients with liver metastases from breast cancer who had less than 5 lesions RFA was found as a safe and efficient method in treatment of liver metastases from breast carcinoma and showed a significant synergistic effect in patients under ingesting chemotherapy drugs.

Background and Pre-surgery and anesthesia anxiety are normal reactions to mental pressure in which the main symptom is hypokalemia. Chlordiazepoxide is used as a neuroleptic agent. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of Chlordiazepoxide on hypokalemia caused by anesthesia anxiety.
In a double-blind randomized controlled trail, 166 patients with cancer who were candidate for major surgeries were enrolled. The study was carried out in Tehran Imam Khomeini Hospital, 2016. The subjects were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (n=83 per group). Data was collected using Spielberger questionnaire for anxiety and blood test to measure the serum potassium level. In experimental group 5 mg Chlordiazepoxide was administered while the control group received 5 mg placebo. The medications were taken orally the night before operation and again at the morning of operation. Data was analyzed by Chi-square test, Wilcoxon signed ranks test and paired t-test using SPSS V. 16.
Before the intervention no significant differences were seen in serum potassium level and pre-operation anxiety level between the two groups. After the intervention, the variations of these two parameters in test and control groups were -1.83±0.2, -0.01±0.002 and .73±3.98, -0.22±0.03, respectively. Only in control group, significant variations were found in K level (P Chlordiazepoxide was found to be effective in prevention of hypokalemia and overt anxiety increase in patients undergoing surgery to reduce the side effects of anesthesia and surgery.