zahra mehrabi

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (autoimmune), the most common cause of acute onset of thrombocytopenia in children who are otherwise healthy. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the factors affecting the response to treatment in hospitalized children.

This retrospective study was conducted by examining the files of patients hospitalized due to ITP in Hazrat Masoumeh (S) Hospital from April 2009 to March 2019. The criteria for inclusion in the study included confirming the diagnosis of ITP and the age of 1 month to 14 years, and the exclusion criteria included cases of discharge with personal consent and not completing the patient's treatment course, the presence of pancytopenia or bicytopenia, the presence of moderate or severe splenomegaly or severe in clinical examinations, BMA based on the presence of a diagnosis other than ITP, not receiving any of the ITP treatment protocols, and patients whose first visit with the diagnosis of ITP was in another center or city. The information about age, sex, clinical symptoms on arrival, initial platelets and the platelets of days 3, 5, 14 and 180 were extracted from the patients' files. The type of treatment protocol, the need to repeat the treatment, the recurrence of the disease and the major complications of the treatment were extracted from the patients' files and finally the data were analyzed with SPSS software.

The response to the treatment on different days was unrelated to the age, gender, and initial platelets (except for one exception) (P>0.05). In relation to clinical symptoms, the response to treatment on days three and five was related to the clinical symptoms at the time of presentation and on days 14 and 180 it was unrelated. Response to treatment on days 3 and 5 in different treatment protocols had a significant relationship (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference on days 14 and 180.

The best response was in the combined treatment group with methylprednisolone and IVIg, and the lowest response to treatment was observed in those receiving methylprednisolone alone.

The satisfaction of healthcare workers plays an important role in maintaining and promoting patients' health. Moreover, this group of employees is exposed to various forms of violence due to their job nature. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of occupational violence and its role in healthcare workers' satisfaction.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 156 employees of the Allameh Bohlol Gonabadi Hospital, Gonabdi, Iran, in 2020. The required data were collected using questionnaires, namely a demographic form, the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, and Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised. Data analysis was performed using appropriate statistical tests and linear regression analysis test. A p-value of 0.05 was considered significant.

In this study, the mean age of the subjects was obtained at 31.8±7.1 years, and demographic variables showed no significant relationship with job satisfaction and violence (P<0.05). However, there was a significant relationship between job satisfaction and job violence (P<0.001). The highest and lowest satisfaction were related to physical conditions and payment system, respectively. Overall, job satisfaction was revealed to be at the average level with a score of 54. The occupational violence score was estimated at 28, and the highest report of violence was related to the statement "Your work is over-monitored and -reviewed". It was also found that in terms of job satisfaction, payment system, development opportunity, and leadership style were effective factors in the occurrence of violence.

The results confirmed the existence of violence in the workplace; therefore, it seems useful to adopt a preventive approach and train the public to reduce the imposed threats by violence in the hospital environment and ensure staff satisfaction. It is also recommended to hold regular meetings with related educational goals.

In this paper, the mechanism of scouring caused by turbulent jet out of deep drainage of power plants has been investigated. The flow velocity and discharge flow from these drains are high for fast mixing in the near field area, hence the size of these scours is also vast. Since local sediment may lead to the destruction of coastal structures, as well as the effect of spawning in the near field area, the prediction of a suitable method for estimating the location and depth of these scours in the seabed is very important. The case study is the Neka power plant located in Mazandaran near Neka city. Three-dimensional FLOW-3D model is used for simulation. Comparing and analyzing the results of numerical simulation and field data indicate that the horizontal distance of the deepest scour hole from the discharger is acceptable with a precision of 94% and the maximum depth of the scour hole with a precision of 58% compared to the bathymetry of the Neka substrate.

 Some venoms and their isolated compounds have been shown to have antibacterial properties. Snake, scorpion and bee venoms are a complex mixture of proteins such as phospholipase and melittin, which have an effect on bacterial growth inhibition. This study aimed to investigate of antibacterial effect of three different venoms against selected bacterial strains.

Crude venoms obtained from snake (Echis carinatus), scorpion (Mesosobuthus epues) and bee (Apis mellifera) were selected. The crude venoms from these species was purified by using gel filtration chromatography and the molecular weights of the compounds in these venoms estimated by using SDS-PAGE. The approximate lethal dose values of venoms were determined. Antibacterial activity of venoms against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli were evaluated. Venoms and its isolated fractions and standard antibiotic were tested by using the disc diffusion method.

 E. carinatus crude venom and fraction 2 were effective against S. aureus and E. coli.  M. eupeus crude venom and fraction 1 and 4 were effective against B. subtilis. A. mellifera crude venom demonstrated antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus and Fraction 3 of this venom has an inhibition effect for E. coli and S. aureus.

Snake, scorpion and bee venoms inhibit the growth and survival of bacterial strains and that these venoms can be used as a complementary antimicrobial agent against pathogenic bacteria.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between mindfulness, internal and external academic motivation by mediated time perspective in Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz’s Students. The statistical population were all undergraduate students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. The sample consisted of 300 students who were studying in the academic year of 96-95. Samples were selected by simple random sampling. The Zimbardo and Boyd Time Perspective Questionnaire (1999), the Mindfulness Questionnaire (Bauer et al., 2006) and Hartre's Educational Motivation Questionnaire (1980) were used to measure the variables. The results of the path analysis showed that the mindfulness and future time were involved in predicting external and internal academic motivation, and the present fatalistic was only reciprocally related to external motivation. Results were discussed with respect to theories of motivation, mindfulness and time perspective. Mindfulness directly affects the internal and external motivation and helps improve motivation by improving mindfulness. Accordingly, it is difficult to distinguish relations with the time orientation due to the positive relationships between the two types of internal and external motivation. On the other hand, the prospect of future time orientation and focusing on increasing each motive is appropriate. But in order to improve external motivation, the present fatalistic time orientation must be reduced. In sum, the best prospect of time orientation to improving motivation is future time orientation.

In medicine, obesity is considered as one of the health-threatening factors in the world, which is referred to as the disease of the century. Manydiseases, includingpulmonary disease, are directly related to obesityandcause a significant percentage of annual mortality.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of selected exercise training on pulmonary function indices of inactive overweight and obese women.

This quasi-experimental study was performed on 26 obese and overweight women with the age range of 40 - 50 years and a BMI of 30.16  3.26 who met the inclusion criteria in the study. After purposeful selection and measurement of anthropometric indices and pulmonary function, subjects were randomly assigned to two equal groups of control (n = 13) and experimental (n = 13). During the sport exercise protocol, an intervention was performed for eight weeks, three sessions per week, and each session 50 to 60 minutes in the indoor courtyard. On the other hand, no intervention was performed on the control group. The data gathered were then analyzed. To perform the intergroup comparison, correlated t-test was used and to compare the intergroup comparison an independent sample t-test, at the significant level of P < 0.05, was used.

The results showed that owing to the sport exercise there was a significant reduction in the experimental group regarding body weight (P < 0.016), body mass index (P < 0.002), and waist to hip ratio (P < 0.001), while the subjects’ maximum oxygen consumption (Vo2max) significantly increased (P < 0.001). In addition, comparing the two groups of study, the results of the independent sample t-test revealed that TV (P = 0.001), FVC (P = 0.001), FEV1 (P = 0.041), FEV1/FVC (%) (P = 0.001), and FEF 25% - 75% (P = 0.001) in the experimental group showed a significant improvement compared to the control group.

Generally, it can be concluded that eight weeks of sport exercise program with weight loss has an effective role in improving the pulmonary indices in obese and overweight women; therefore, continuous physical activity can improve the performance of the pulmonary system.

Extraction of premolars as a part of orthodontic treatment is one of the controversial topics in current dentistry. According to some theories, extraction of first premolars results in a decrease in facial height. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of extraction of four first premolars on facial height in patients with class I malocclusion undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.
This retrospective study was conducted on 20 patients (17 females and 3 males) with a mean age of 26.6 years. As a part of orthodontic treatment, the four first premolars had been extracted. Pre- and post-treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs of the patients were digitized. Image analyses were conducted by View Box 3.1.1. Paired t-test was used to compare each variable before and after treatment (α = 0.05).
Mean changes in cephalometric angles in the vertical and sagittal dimensions were not significant, and linear cephalometric variables did not exhibit any significant changes before and after treatment, except for FMA angle which increased significantly (p value In the treatment of patients with class I malocclusion in association with extraction of four first premolars, there were no changes in the facial height. Therefore, orthodontic treatment with extraction of the four first premolars does not result in unfavorable skeletal changes.

Multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic disease of the central nervous system (CNS), causing progressive nerve damage, has disabling symptoms, and undermines self‑efficacy beliefs. Due to the importance of self‑efficacy modified in adaptation and coping with stress, this study was conducted with the aim to investigate the effect of emotional intelligence training on self‑efficacy in women with MS.
This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 70 women referring to the Multiple Sclerosis Clinic of Kashani Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups through minimization method.
In the experimental group, emotional intelligence training was performed within 8 weeks, once a week for 90 minutes, in groups of 8–9 individuals. Data were collected using the Multiple Sclerosis Self‑efficacy Scale (MSSS) before, immediately after, and 3 months after the intervention in both groups. Data were analyzed using independent t‑test and repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS.
The results of independent t‑test showed no significant difference between the groups in terms of mean self‑efficacy scores before the intervention (p > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference between the groups in this regard immediately after and 3 months after the intervention (p It seems that emotional intelligence training is effective on the improvement of self‑efficacy of women with MS. Hence, this method can be recommended as an effective and affordable technique

This study concerns analyzing and describing examples of live conversations in Navad sport program based on Dooley and Levinson's theories of cohesion (2001). Accordingly, at first 12 programs were selected randomly from all Navad programs during one year including 44 programs. Then, twelve live conversations out of the selected programs were recorded and transcribed. In addition, the varieties of cohesion tools in the samples and the frequency of their usage in recorded programs were derived. Finally, the diagrams and percentage of cohesion tools used in these conversations were drawn by using Excel software and SPSS. Results indicated that with respect to the percentage of frequencies obtained from the varieties of cohesion tools, homogeny with 66/58 percent, has allocated the highest percentage of usage frequency; semantic propositions with 65/18 percent were in the second place; descriptive words were in third place with 12 percent; 45.8 percent was devoted to morphological-syntactic patterns; and finally lexical relations with 17.2% were in the fourth and fifth positions, respectively. Due to the performer's power of speech and more verbal communication on live TV programs, it can be concluded that the impact of these media is very high. Therefore, the proposed cohesion tools, according to the priorities expressed above may have a significant impact on the semantic relations. To enclose, based on the results of Chi-square test, cohesion tools proposed by Dooley and Levinson (2001) were extendable to the live sport conversations of Navad program with 95% degree of confidence.

The present paper has examined the degrading ability of phenol-oxidizing bacterium, Ralstonia eutropha, for biological removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions under aerobic conditions. Results show that MB has been extensively eliminated as a co-metabolism in the presence of supplementary carbon (glucose) and nitrogen (yeast extract and peptone) sources and the experimental observations indicate that MB is initially adsorbed on the cell’s surface, in accordance to Langmuir Theory, then to be degraded by the cell. The type of nitrogen source, initial pH, aeration rate, and the presence of CaCl2 are all influential factors in the process of MB removal. The biodegradation kinetics modeling has determined that while playing an uncompetitive role, MB inhibits its biodegradation at high concentrations. According to the best fit Han-Levenspiel Model, the maximum MB specific biodegradation rate (rmax), half-saturation concentration of MB (KS), maximum allowable MB concentration (Sm), and the shape factors (n and m) have been 7.37 mg gcell-1 h-1, 32.13 mg/L, 158.8 mg/L, 0.27, and 0.76, respectively.

To determine the nitrate pollution (water, soil, and tubers) in small ( 1 ha) size of potato fields, this study was conducted in Fereidan region of Isfahan province during growing season of 2014-2015. For this purpose, the amounts of inputs and the tuber yield were recorded in each farm. Also, average nitrate-N concentration in irrigation water, soil and tubers of different potato farms were measured before planting and after harvesting. The results showed that the average soil N-nitrate concentration in small, medium and large size farms were 16.3, 17.4 and 19.9 mg kg-1 before planting and 10.3, 13.3 and 23.3 mg kg-1 after harvesting, respectively. The average N-nitrate concentration of irrigation water in small, medium and large size farms were 36.3, 27.1 and 19.5 mg L-1 before planting and 47.6, 33.1 and 16.4 mg L-1 after harvesting, respectively. At the post-harvest time, NO3-N concentration of irrigation water were below the standard range concentration (45 mg L-1) in the all large farms while 87 % of small and 85% of medium farms had more than standard concentration. The nitrate concentrations of tubers in large-sized farms were lower than others. The tuber NO3-N concentration was affected by potato cultivar. The lowest concentration of nitrate was observed in the late-season potato cultivars (Agria). that might be associated with greater tubers yield.

As we are approaching the global eradication of wild poliovirus, laboratory surveillance of poliovirus by the gold standard cell culture method becomes increasingly important. As there is a lot of concern about accurate and sensitive detection of imported wild and Vaccine Derived Polioviruses (VDPVs) in Polio-Free countries, in this study we assessed and compared the sensitivity of the cell lines used in polio laboratory simultaneously to standard poliovirus and Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) polioviruses, to ensure the accurate detection of circulating and imported polioviruses in the society. Cell sensitivity test was performed according to the World Health Organization (WHO), Polio Laboratory Manual for RD, L20B and Hep2 cell lines using 3 serotypes of standard monovalent and OPV polioviruses. The test was repeated every four passages for all cell lines. The sensitivity of L20B and Hep2 cell lines for standard poliovirus type 1 and 2 is more than sensitivity for the same types of OPV virus but for poliovirus type 3 it is vice versa. Also RD cell line is more sensitive to all 3 types of OPV virus. In addition, the test showed that increasing the passage number will decrease the sensitivity of all cell lines. Using RD & L20B cell lines simultaneously (with low passage number) will assure us of sensitivity and accuracy of the cell lines for detection of circulating and imported polioviruses.