zahra vaziri

The field of mathematical chemistry started with the pure and memorable activities of Alireza Ashrafi in Iran. One of the most important factors in the rapid expansion of this branchof science in Iran, which intensified almost since 2003, has been the regular holding of mathematical chemistry conferences in Iran which were Iranian version of MCC conferences in Europe. One of the prominent features of Ashrafi was his active and effective presence in international scientific communication and diplomacy, and at the same time helding international conference on mathematical chemistry in Iran. With his invitation, many scientists from all over the world came to Iran and scientific diplomacy in his field of expertise became popular in the real sense. The mathematical chemistry conferences in Iran were a series of academic conferences that focus on the intersection of mathematics and chemistry. These conferences have been held annually since 2005 and were organized by prominent Iranian mathematicians and chemists, including Alireza Ashrafi and Ali Iranmanesh. The conferences brought together researchers, professors, and students from Iran and around the world to discuss topics such as chemical graphs, topological indices, and mathematical modeling of chemicalsystems. These conferences have helped to promote the development of mathematical chemistryin Iran and have facilitated collaborations between Iranian and international researchers. The conferences have also produced numerous publications in top scientific journals and have helped to establish Iran as a leading country in the field of mathematical chemistry.

The field of mathematical chemistry started with the pure and memorable activities of Alireza Ashrafi in Iran. One of the most important factors in the rapid expansion of this branchof science in Iran, which intensified almost since 2003, has been the regular holding of mathematical chemistry conferences in Iran which were Iranian version of MCC conferences in Europe. One of the prominent features of Ashrafi was his active and effective presence in international scientific communication and diplomacy, and at the same time helding international conference on mathematical chemistry in Iran. With his invitation, many scientists from all over the world came to Iran and scientific diplomacy in his field of expertise became popular in the real sense. The mathematical chemistry conferences in Iran were a series of academic conferences that focus on the intersection of mathematics and chemistry. These conferences have been held annually since 2005 and were organized by prominent Iranian mathematicians and chemists, including Alireza Ashrafi and Ali Iranmanesh. The conferences brought together researchers, professors, and students from Iran and around the world to discuss topics such as chemical graphs, topological indices, and mathematical modeling of chemicalsystems. These conferences have helped to promote the development of mathematical chemistryin Iran and have facilitated collaborations between Iranian and international researchers. The conferences have also produced numerous publications in top scientific journals and have helped to establish Iran as a leading country in the field of mathematical chemistry.

The psychological distress is a kind of mental stress that people experience due to various causes. This study was performed aimed to investigate the psychological distress in cancer patients.
This cross-sectional study was performed during one year on the patients who referred to two academic hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences for treatment or follow-up. Psychological distress questionnaire was used to collect data. Results were analyzed using SPSS version 16. P The mean (±SD) age of participants was 54 ± 15.30 with a range from 18 to 89. The most common cancers were colorectal, gastro-esophageal and breast cancer. The mean distress thermometer score was 5 ± 2.99. Out of 256, 173 (67.7%) of patients scored 4 or higher. The distress thermometer scores were higher among females, rural residents, those receiving treatment within the month before, patients with insight of their illness, those with low level of education and low functional status, non-smokers and divorced patients. Among these, having insight of the illness, receiving treatment in the month before and low functional status were significantly related with the psychological distress score. The most prevalent cause of psychological distress among the participants was fatigue, being reported by 176 participant (68.8%), followed by pain (59.4%), difficulty in transportation (59.4%), anxiety (57.2%), sadness (50.4%), anger (44.5%), and depression (43.8%).
Due to higher rate of severe emotional distress in different types of cancer, particularly in women, rural patients, those with lower educational status and performance and also divorced and addicted people, it is important to pay more attention to these groups for decreasing emotional distress. It required supportive and relief measures including psychological methods and reducing pain to improve the performance of these patients.

Seed size and seed position on native rootstock affect seed quality. To study the effect of seed position on native rootstock on yield and yield components of guar under drought stress, an experimental split plot in a completely randomized block design with three replications was conducted in June 2016 at the research station in the Mollasani City in Khuzestan. The treatment consisted of drought stress (main factor) in three levels: control (90% FC), moderate stress (60% FC) and high stress (30% FC) and seed position (sub) on 9 levels including seeds elementary, middle and bottom covers of the bottom, middle and top of the plant. Analysis of variance showed that drought stress affected all traits and seed position affected all traits except number of seed per pod, significantly at 1% level. The interaction effect of seed position and drought was significant on the number of branches, number of pods per plant, seed weight and seed yield at 1% and plant height, biological yield, harvest index, and germination percentage at 5% level. Comparison of mean showed that the seeds of the lower and middle pods had better germination percentage than the plant pods. Also, under drought stress conditions, lower and middle pod seedlings showed better yield.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder among children and adolescents. Given the importance of this disorder, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of ADHD and the relevant factors among the elementary school students in Ardabil, Iran.
Using the stratified random cluster sampling method, this cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 2826 schoolchildren aged 6-11 in Ardabil, in the year 2011-2012. The necessary information was collected in the first step employing the ADHD questionnaire based on 18 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-4th edition (DSM-IV) criteria filled out by parents and teachers. Then the students were interviewed by psychiatrists in the second step. SPSS was used to analyze the research findings.
The research results indicated that the life-time prevalence of ADHD was 9.8%. The most prevalent type of ADHD was the hyperactive-impulsive (6.8%). The results also indicated that the prevalence of ADHD was higher in boys than girls. One-third of affected children were premature at birth and 49.2% had attended kindergartens. The ADHD group was significantly different from the normal students in terms of the average discipline score and the overall grade at school.
There is a relatively high prevalence of ADHD in elementary school students; therefore, it is strongly recommended to identify and treat it appropriately in the years prior to school.

due to this fact that hyperhomocysteinemia had role in increasing incidence of pregnancy and delivery problems such as preeklampsia, it seems that performing present study for assessing serum level of homocysteine in pregnant women with preeklampsia was necessary. Present study was performed for comparing homocysteine level between term pregnant women with and without preeklampsia. Fifty term pregnant women with higher than 37 weeks gestational age between 2005 and 2007 were recruited. Pregnant women with history of chronic hypertension, diabetes, epilepsy and those using methotrexate, carbamazepine, phenytoin and other anticonvulsant drugs, were excluded. Pregnant women with more than 300 mg protein in 24-hours urine sample or +1 results with Dipstick test for proteinuria and blood pressure more than 140/90 mmhg were defined as case group. Equal and matched pregnant women were selected for control group. Independent student t-test and logistic regression model were used as statistical test. SPSS software was used for data analysis and p-values less than 0.05 were assumed as significant. Mean of serum level of homocysteine in pregnant women with preeklampsia was significantly higher than other pregnant women. According to the role of homocysteine in incidence of preeklampsia in pregnant women, prescribing drug and control of dietary regimen were recommended for control of serum level of homocysteine in pregnant women

Marked metabolic derangement have already been documented in normal pregnancy such as decrease of serum glucose and aminoacids, increase free fatty acids, triglyceride, ketons and insulin secretion, however in gestational diabetes the high gluc(Jse which is facilitated by placental transfer may cause hyperinsulinemia in fetus thus rendering them susceptible to macrosomia and subsequent perinatal difficulties.
We prospectively followed 117 patients from first trimester period. These patients randomly divided into two groups: Group one (59 cases) was placed on specific diet and Second group (58 cases) received monitored diet plus insulin.
Then we measured maternal weight gains, neonatal birth weights, meteme! fasting and postprandial blood sugar at specific intervals, Initial first trimester maternal weights, gained weights and birth weights were 67.03±3.60 kg and 15.76±3.58 kg and 4.26±0.29 kg for the first group and 65.82±5.25 and 12.68±4.78kg~nd 3.48±0.78 kg for the second group. In 60 normal pregnants these measurement was 56.79±5.41 kg and 12.43±3.20 kg and 3.35±0.36 kg Cesarean section indicated in 71.18 % and 26.2% and 21.66% in two management and control groups respectively (P