فهرست مطالب zainab sadat haji naji

This study has investigated the contrast of the concepts related to happiness and sadness in the Qur'an with the aim of better understanding of God's purpose   from happiness and sadness, with an interpretive approach and using the logic of dual contrasts in structuralism. In 29 verses along with their practical context in happiness and sadness that have been examined in this research, four meaning categories are: happiness with a positive semantic component, sadness with a negative semantic component, happiness with a negative semantic component and sadness with a positive semantic component. At the surface structure, happiness and sadness have been used in the Qur'an with positive and negative meaning, or their conventional meaning. At this level, considering equal semantic networks, happiness and sadness appear in the original or common meaning. On the other hand, in deep structure, happiness with a negative semantic component and sadness with a positive semantic component have been used in the Qur'an. At this level as well, according to semantic equivalent networks, these two words have meaning in contrary to their common meaning. According to the results, absolute happiness and sadness as two positive and negative poles (complementary opposites) exist only in the hereafter. Happiness and sadness in the world are mixed with each other in graduated opposition. This is the reason why all types of happiness and sadness can be placed in equal groups of positive and negative.