فهرست مطالب zali mr

The aim of this study was to detect bacteria associated with biliary tract diseases and relationship between their class 1, 2 and 3 integrons and antibiotic resistance patterns. Bile samples of biliary patients undergoing cholangiopancreatography were examined for the presence of bacteria and antibiotic resistance patterns using biochemical tests and disk diffusion method. PCR was used for detection of the presence of integrase genes intI1, intI2, and intI3 in total DNA and plasmid extracts of these bacterial isolates. Out of 102 bile samples, 41.2% were positive by culture The isolated bacteria belonged to E. coli (35.5%), Enterococcus spp. (19.4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.74%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.74%), Acinetobacter spp. (6.45%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (1.6%). All isolates were resistant to amoxiclav and 87.5% of the isolates showed multidrug resistance (MDR) pattern. intI1and intI2 were found in E. coli (59.09%, 50%), P. aeruginosa (81.81%, 45.45%), K. pneumonia (63.6%, 27.27%) and Acinetobacter spp. (100%, 100 %), respectively. These results showed the presence of class 1 and 2 integrons on the extracted plasmids and indicated a significant association between class 1 integron and resistance to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. High frequency of class 1 and 2 integrons among the bile isolates and their association with increased antimicrobial resistance phenotypes suggests bile components as selective agents for bacterial strains encoding these elements.

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are the major causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in hospitalized patients. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of urinary tract infections caused by enterococcus faecium and the level of resistance to vancomycine and other antibiotics which are effective in enterococcal infection therapy of hospitalized patients in four university teaching hospitals of Tehran. This study was carried out between September 2011 and May 2012. Urine samples were collected from hospitalized patients in Taleghani، Loghman، Mofid and Labaffi nejad Hospitals in Tehran. Enterococcus species were detected by biochemical and molecular tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of vancomycine were determined by disk diffusion and micro agar dilution methods. The presence of vanA and vanB genes were investigated in VRE strains by PCR. 86 enterococci were isolated from urine samples of which 45 (52%) were E. faecium. 42. 2% of E. faecium isolates were resistant to vancomycin (VRE) and showed vanA genotype. All VRE isolates were resistant to ampicillin، gentamicin، ciprofloxacin and erythromycin، and 78% were resistant to nitrofurantoin. Furthermore، all VRE isolates were sensitive to linezolide and quiopristin-dalfopristin. MIC50 ≥ 128 and MIC90 ≥ 256 were detected in the VRE strains. The increase in the prevalence of vancomycin resistant E. faecium with high risk resistance profiles is a serious threat for some Iranian hospitals and limits the therapeutical options for patients infected with E. faecium.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. The clearance of the HCV is dependent on cytokines control led by genetic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of Lymphotoxin? (LT-A) polymorphism at +252 in susceptibility to chronic hepatitis C.

In this case-control study, 120 individuals infected by HCV and 120 healthy controls were investigated. The Genotyping was carried out by PCR then PCR products were utilized for RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism). The distribution of LT-A gene +252 G>A polymorphism was compared in the two groups.

The Frequency of LT-A gene +252 for GG, GA and AA genotypes was respectively 45.5%, 47.9% and 6.6% in the case group and 49.2%, 45.8% and 5% in the control group. There was no significant difference in genotyping frequency between HCV and healthy control groups.

In this study, we observed no significant relationship between +252 polymorphism of the LT-A gene and susceptibility to chronic hepatitis C. Therefore, polymorphism in LT-A gene is not a prognostic factor for susceptibility to chronic HCV in Iranian population.

As the main virulence factor of Helicobacter pylori, HP-NAP has an important role in immunoprotection against this pathogen. This antigen is a strong candidate as a part of multi-component vaccine in the clinical trial against this bacterium. Due to NAP importance, it was used in this study as a template for optimization of heterologous genes with a low A-T content and low expression in E. coli. A synthetic single gene that could reach the highest level of expression in the host was designed by using bioinformatics tools. A number of factors that influence gene expression level were changed for HP-NAP gene optimizing: the codon usage bias in E. coli was changed; the G+C content was upgraded from 38% to 45%; and the stem-loop structure was broken. These could result to prolong of the half-life of the mRNA and overexpression of recombinant of HP-NAP protein up to 800 mg per liter. Applying of bioinformatics tools was appropriated to optimize of HP-NAP overexpression in E. coli. From our results, it appears that combination of In Silico and experimental approach is a logical approach for expression of heterologous genes in another host.

Wilson''s disease is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by toxic accumulation of copper in liver and brain. The disorder is caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene, encoding a copper transporting P-type ATPase. Characterization of the spectrum of mutations in this gene is important both for diagnosis and genetic counseling of the families. We enrolled 30 definitely diagnosed patients (ages ranging from 3 to 33). Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples. All the exons of the gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction using specified primers for each exon. The amplification products were then analyzed by direct automated sequencing. 87% of our patients had liver problems while 47% of suffered from neurological problems. In this study we will report the spectrum of mutation found among Iranian families, which are mainly different from other reports. By performing the present study, some new mutations in ATP7B gene, Del C 3696(1232) and S1369L were identified for the first time in Wilson''s disease patients.

Knowledge about the clinical significance of V-Raf Murine Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog B1 (BRAF) mutations in colorectal cancer (CRC) is growing. BRAF encodes a protein kinase involved with intracellular signaling and cell division. The gene product is a downstream effector of Kirsten Ras 1(KRAS) within the RAS/RAF/MAPK cellular signaling pathway. Evidence suggests that BRAF mutations, like KRAS mutations, result in uncontrolled, non–growth factor-dependent cellular proliferation. Similar to the rationale that KRAS mutation precludes effective treatment with anti-EGFR drugs. Recently, BRAF mutation testing has been introduced into routine clinical laboratories because its significance has become clearer in terms of effect on pathogenesis of CRC, utility in differentiating sporadic CRC from Lynch syndrome (LS), prognosis, and potential for predicting patient outcome in response to targeted drug therapy. In this review we describe the impact of BRAF mutations for these aspects.

Insulin-like growth factor 1 has an important role in cell proliferation and growth. Polymorphism in IGF-1 gene changes the level of this hormone and increases the risk of colorectal cancer. The aim of this study is to assess the incidence of IGF-1 polymorphism rs5742612 in Iranian population and to investigate the influence of this polymorphism in increasing the risk of colorectal cancer. Genotyping of IGF-1 gene was performed in a series of 110 colorectal cancer patients and 110 controls by using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping (PCR-RFLP) assays. We calculated odds ratio and confidence interval (CI) of IGF-1 genotypes to determine if these polymorphisms are associated with colorectal cancer. No significant association was found between polymorphism of IGF-1 gene (rs5742612) and increased risk of colorectal cancer (p=0.92). The odds ratio for the heterozygous genotype CT versus the normal genotype CC was 1.3 (95% CI: 0.3-6.27) and the odds ratio for the mutant genotype TT versus the normal genotype CC was 0.0. The frequency of the mutant allele was 2.5%. These findings suggest that IGF-1 rs5742612 polymorphism is not associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer. (Quarterly Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Volume 19, Number 2, pp.109-115).

The bioavailability of IGF1 is regulated by the insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3). IGFBP3 is an inhibitor of IGF1 and inhibits growth cell and induces apoptosis by joining to it. Some studies have shown that reduction of IGFBP3 level cause to increase risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). The purpose of this study was to investigate incidence of mutant allele of IGFBP3 polymorphism rs2854744 in Iranian community and to examine the association of genetic variants in IGFBP3 (rs2854744) with risk of colorectal cancer. In this case-control study, genotyping of IGFBP3 gene were determined in series of 120 colorectal cancer patients (with positive result for colonoscopy and pathology) and 120 controls (with negative result for colonoscopy and pathology) by using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping assay (PCR-RFLP) and compared. Frequency of CC, CA and AA genotype in patients in IGFBP32854744 was 33.3%, 47.5% and 19.2%, and frequency for controls was 34.2%, 45.8%, and 20%, respectively. Frequency of C allele in patients was 0.57% and for A allele was 0.42%. Also frequency of C allele in controls 0.57% and in A allele was 0.42% that no significant difference was seen. These findings suggest that polymorphism IGFBP3 rs 2854744, is not associated with increased risk of CRC.

Many studies have demonstrated that Vitamin D has an important role in cell growth and proliferation and vitamin D receptor polymorphism has significant relationship with colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of VDR rs 2238136 polymorphism in Iranian population and to investigate the relationship between this single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and increased risk of CRC. In this case-control study, genotyping of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism (VDR rs2238136) was determined in a series of 112 colorectal cancer patients and 112 controls by using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping assays (PCR-RFLP). Statistical analysis was done through SPSS 16. VDR polymorphism (rs 2238136) had no significant relationship with CRC risk. The result of statistical analysis for the genotype AG compared with GG was OR=0. 59, CI=0.33-1.03 and for AA versus GG was OR=0.8, CI=0.29-2.17. Incidence of mutant allele in patients and controls did not show significant difference (OR=0.74, CI=0.49 -1.13). These findings suggest that VDR (rs 2238136) is not associated with increased risk of CRC. Moreover age, sex and smoking are not predisposing factors for increased risk of CRC.

Hepatitis viruses are infectious agents that can infect liver and cause inflammation. The infection triggers immune response against infected cells that leads to the destruction of hepatic cells. This destruction has two consequences: leaking ALT and AST liver enzymes which increases during the course of disease and accumulation of bilirubin- a red pigmented compound released from dead red cells- which causes the yellow coloration of eyes and skin. These viruses transmit through diverse routes i.e. blood transfusion, sexual contacts and consuming water or food contaminated by feces. Enteric hepatitis viruses use the latter route for transmission; hence their outbreaks are more common in underdeveloped countries. There are currently two distinguished enteric hepatitis viruses, hepatitis A and hepatitis E. These viruses belong to different family of viruses and their epidemiological characteristics are different. These infections can be diagnosed by an ELISA for IgM antibody. A vaccine has been developed in last decade of twentieth century for hepatitis A virus, which is administered mostly in the developed world i.e. U.S and Japan. Treatment for these infections is mostly supportive; however, in the case of fulminant hepatitis the liver transplantation might be necessary.

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the most commonly cause of bacterial diarrhea in the world wide. CFA/I fimbriae is one of the important virulence factor that have critical role in bacterial pathogenesis. Therefore, tip protein of these fimbriae (CFaE) could be considered as a vaccine candidate. The aim of this study is investigation of efficiency of produced antibody against CFaE for attachment inhibition of ETEC to receptors which located on the surface of human erythrocyte as a model. after codon optimization, cfaE gene synthesized and then cloned into pET28a as an expression vector. When gene construct induced by IPTG, desirable protein was expressed and purified with using by affinity chromatography. Recombinant protein as an antigen injected to mice and serum titers was measured with ELISA. Finally, ability of bacterial attachments to human erythrocyte group A was studied, in present and absent of anti-CFaE. bacterial which treated with serum of immune mice unlike those that treated with serum of control mice couldn`t caused hemagglutination of erythrocytes. the results were indicated that rCFaE is a good immunogenic protein, so it could stimulate immune system of mice. Also, raised antibody with binding to fimberial proteins of bacteria inhibited attachment of ETEC to its target receptor.

Several strains of the Echinococcus granulosus have been described based on morphological characters, intermediate host specificity and/or genetic analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA. The aim of this study was to characterize different E.granulosus isolates by using sequences of mitochondrial atp6 gene. In this study, Sixty infected liver and lungs of cattle, sheep and goats were collected from the abattoir of Varamin city-Iran during 2008. Protoscoleces were removed from each fertile cyst and DNA extracted. New and specific primers were designed for two existing genotypes (G1 and G6) of E. granulosus known to occur in Iran and applied in PCR reactions. The new primers selectively amplified the G1 and G6 genotypes of E. granulosus with specific bands of 708 and 705 bp respectively. The G1 genotype was identified in all fertile cyst samples. This study showed that the new primer pairs which specifically amplify portions of the mitochondrial atp6 gene of the G1 and G6 strains of Echinococcus granulosus are proper molecular marker for investigating genetic variation in a number of isolates of E. granulosus from a range of hosts (sheep, goats, cattle) in Iran. The result of sequenced samples showed that our sequences were the same as those reported previously for these strains.

Although, family history of cancer is an important risk factor for upper gastrointestinal cancers development, but limited information is available on the upper gastrointestinal cancers associated with family history in Iran. The purpose of this study was to define upper gastrointestinal cancers risk associated with family history of cancer. This study was conducted as a case control study. A total number of 1,010 cases of upper gastrointestinal cancer and 1,010 healthy controls were recruited. For family history of cancer, questions were asked about any malignant tumor in first and second degree relatives. Adjusted odds ratio estimates for the association family history and upper gastrointestinal cancers risk and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were obtained. A family history of any malignant tumor in relatives was associated with 1.3 fold increased risks of upper gastrointestinal cancers. A first-degree family history of esophageal and gastric cancer was significantly associated with upper gastrointestinal cancers development, with an adjusted OR of 4.7(CI 95%: 2.6- 8.4). Our findings suggested that risk for upper gastrointestinal cancers increases among individuals with family history of cancer. Therefore, appropriate screening strategies especially in relatives of patients should be considered to prevent and control of disease.

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) has an inhibitory role in homeostasis of T-cell response and regulatory T cells and regulation of immune response against viral infections. Codon 10 of protein is located in the signal peptide and involved in secretion of cytokine. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of leu-pro polymorphism of codon 10 and hepatitis C susceptibility in patients. This case-control study was performed on 112 chronic hepatitis C patients and 122 healthy control subjects. TGF-β1 gene was amplified with PCR method and genotypes were determined using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) with MspA1I restriction enzyme. The frequency of CT genotype in both groups was higher than CC and TT. Genotyping results for CC, CT and TT states in patients was 50%, 19.6% and 30.4% and in healthy controls was 59%, 13.9% and 27.1% respectively. We found no significant difference between patients and healthy controls according to codon 10 polymorphism. According to the results of this study, no relationship was found between this protein’s genetic variations and chronic hepatitis C infection susceptibility.

Celiac disease (CD) is characterized by sensitivity to gluten, which is found in dietary wheat, barley, and rye. Many extra-intestinal manifestations have been described in association with CD. Liver disease and CD share widespread risk factors. Liver disorders such as autoimmune hepatitis, elevation of liver enzyme levels, primary biliary cirrhosis, nonspecific hepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease have been reported in patients with CD. In this review, we provide information regarding liver disorders that may be found in association with celiac disease and the effect of the treatment of CD on these disorders.

Although the Cox proportional hazard regression is the most popular model for analyzing the prognostic factors on survival of cancer patients, under certain circumstances, parametric models estimate the parameter more efficiently than the Cox model. The aim of this study was to compare the Cox regression model with parametric models in patients with gastric cancer who registered at Taleghani hospital, Tehran, Iran. In a retrospective cohort study, 746 patients with gastric cancer were studied from February 2003 through January 2007. Gender, age at diagnosis, distant metastasis, extent of wall penetration, tumor size, histology type, tumor grade, lymph node metastasis and pathologic stage were selected as prognosis, and entered to the models. Lognormal, Exponential, Gompertz, Weibull, Log-logistic and Gamma regression were performed as parametric models, and Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) were used to compare the efficiency of the models. Based on AIC, Log logistic is an efficient model. Log logistic analysis indicated that wall penetration and presence of pathologic distant metastasis were potential risks for death in full and final model analyses. In the multivariate analysis, all the parametric models fit better than Cox with respect to AIC; and the log logistic regression was the best model among them. Therefore, when the proportional hazard assumption does not hold, these models could be used as an alternative and could lead to acceptable conclusions.

Cancer is the third most common cause of death in Iran. Gastric cancer (GC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) are two important causes of mortality due to cancer. With regards to cancer mortality, data are important to monitor the effects of screening program, earlier diagnosis, demographic data and other prognostic factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mortality rates and trends from GC and CRC in Iranian population during a period of almost a decade, i.e. from 1995 to 2003. National death Statistic Reported by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOH&ME) from 1995 to 2003, stratified by age group, sex, and cause of death are included in this study. CRC and GC were expressed as the annual mortality rates/100,000, general and/or per gender, and age group. The general mortality rate of CRC slightly increased during the years under study from 0.44 to 2.54 and CRC mortality was higher for older age and male. The general mortality rates of GC showed a sharp increasing from 1.68 to 9.67. In addition to this, GC mortality rate was higher for male than female. Our study indicated remarkable increasing trends in GC and CRC mortality. So developing for a gastric cancer for both primary prevention and early detection programs and manage the delays of diagnosis is recommended to decrease the trend of GC mortality. For CRC, since the rate of CRC screening is very low in Iran, it is recommended that in Iran screening be started as a public program in order to control the mortality and burden of CRC in the future.

Clinical and epidemiological variation was seen between the colon cancer (CC) and rectum cancer (RC). So, there is not so much data available about the epidemiological and clinicopathological differences and prognostic factors regarding to CC and CR in Iran, we aimed to perform this study. All cases of CC and RC referred to oncology and gastroenterology wards of Taleghani General Hospital, Teheran, Iran between 2002 and 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. The research group were reviewed all medical records in the study period for collecting the required data. All patients under study were followed up until end day of 2008 (closed day) from their diagnosis. There are 856 cases of CC and 427 cases of RC. Mean survival time of CC cases was relatively higher than RC cases (P <0.05). Regarding to the age at diagnosis, about 42% of CC and 42.6% of RC patients was diagnosed less than 50 years of age. Positive family history of any cancer was relatively higher in CC (40.0%) patients than RC (31.0%) patients (P<0.05). significant difference was seen between CC and RC regarding to depth of tumor invasion, pathologic stage and type of first treatment. RC patient were diagnosed in more advanced pathologic stages. Regarding to histology type of tumor 75.0% of CC cases and 79.4% of RC cases was adenocarcinoma. Abdominal pain (74.4%) and blood per rectum (89.7%) were the most prevalent symptoms mentioned by patients for CC and RC, respectively. Distant metastasis, lymph node metastasis, lower BMI and poor grading of tumor was related to increased risk of death due to CC. Regarding to RC, only pathologic stage was determine as prognostic factor. Results of this study emphasis that RC has a poorer prognosis comparing to CC. Up to 42 percent of patients with CC and RC are lower than 50 years of age. Patterns of CC versus RC indicate major variations in demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics that suggest possible differences in etiology and pathogenesis. So we suggest that for the analysis of cancer data, CC and RC should be investigated as separate cancers and not to be as colorectal cancer. Abdominal pain and blood per rectum should be emphasis for detection of CC and RC, respectively.

Zinc (Zn) has various significant roles in physiological functions of the liver. Furthermore، it has been reported that the administration of zinc has an important role in pharmacotherapy of viral hepatitis. Cirrhotic patients with decrease in plasma zinc level have been covered in previous studies. It is seemingly necessary to assess the zinc level، in Iranian cirrhotic patients، as a distinct population، Because of the large phytate amounts in Iranians diet. Regarding to etiology، disease progress، and treatment، there are some differences in the 2 most common causes of cirrhosis in the Iranian population (hepatitis B and hepatitis C) and it is possible that the zinc level may be different between the two. This study was done to shadow some lights on the subject. Between April 2008 and November 2008، plasma zinc level was determined، by atomic absorption method، in 60 cirrhotic inpatients treated due to hepatitis B or hepatitis C in Talighani hospital (a referral center for gastrointestinal and liver diseases in Tehran، Iran). Mean ± standard deviation (SD) plasma zinc levels determined 0. 34±0. 22 mg/L and 0. 37±0. 22 mg/L in hepatitis B and hepatitis C patients respectively. Analysis of t-test showed there is no significant difference between 2 groups regarding to plasma zinc level (P = 0. 745). It is concluded that zinc level of studied cirrhotic patients is less than half of the normal range. Moreover، there is no difference in plasma zinc level between cirrhotic patients due to hepatitis B or hepatitis C. Regarding to this result، supplementation with complementary zinc، may be recommended in both groups in order to optimize the nutritional support and probably better the treatment response.

Individuals with a positive family history of colorectal cancer have an increased risk of developing this type of cancer. The number of affected relatives and the age at diagnosis are two factors that increase the risk of colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of a positive family history of colorectal cancer in a random sample among the Iranian general population. Five thousand five hundred (5500) subjects'' aged≥20 years were randomly selected by cluster sampling and invited to participate in an interview about the occurrence of colorectal cancer in their first- or second-degree relatives. Of all the responders, 162 (2.9%) subjects reported a positive family history of colorectal cancer; 71 (1.24%) reported having one first-degree relative with colorectal cancer diagnosed before the age of 50; or reported two or more first-degree relatives with colorectal cancer. In addition, 83 (1.51%) and 14 (0.25%) subjects reported having one and two or more second-degree relatives with colorectal cancer respectively. The prevalence of a positive family history of colorectal cancer in Iran is lower than the United States and European countries. Identifying high-risk population for colorectal cancer and encouraging them to participate in surveillance protocols is the first step in targeting preventive measures.

In recent years, many studies employed and found an association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and colorectal cancer. Although increased risk of colorectal cancer in individuals with Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM) has been observed in previous studies, limited information is available on the colorectal cancer associated with NIDDM in Iran. The purpose of this study was to define colorectal cancer risk associated with diabetes mellitus. The present study was designed as an unmatched case control study. Cases were 393 patients with histologically confirmed colorectal carcinomas and 393 controls were randomly selected among the healthy participants in a health survey. To control potential confounding factors such as sex, age, smoking habits and Body Mass Index (BMI), multiple logistic regression model was fitted to obtain Odds Ratio of colorectal cancer and the corresponding 95% CIs, according to history of diabetes mellitus. Overall, 86 (10%) cases versus 15 (1.7%) controls gave a history of diabetes mellitus. The corresponding multivariate OR was 6.77 (CI 95%: 3.84- 11.92) indicating that having a positive history of diabetes mellitus increases one''s risk of colorectal cancer about six-fold. The risk of colorectal cancer was slightly increased for women (p<0.05). Current smokers were at a higher CRC risk (OR=2.83, CI95%:2.13-3.76) than never smokers. We found a strong positive association between NIDDM and prevalent colorectal cancer. In summary, these findings provide further indirect epidemiological evidence for the hypothesis that hyperinsulinaemia may be important in the development of colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. During the past decades, survival of colorectal cancer patients has improved worldwide, however, it is not clear what factors have contributed to this development. This study was designed to evaluate the prognostic impact of a wide spectrum of pathologic parameters on survival rate in patients with colorectal cancer. 1127 patients with colorectal cancer who registered in one cancer registry in Iran were followed from their diagnostic date to Jan 1, 2007 (as failure time). Overall survival time was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify the pathologic factors that could independently influence survival. The overall survival rate at 5 years after diagnosis was 61%. Histology grade, status of regional lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and pathologic tumor stage were related to survival rate according to univariate analysis. Nevertheless, in multivariate analysis, only histology grade, distant metastasis and tumor size had influence on survival of colorectal cancer patients. Generally the prognosis of disease is not poor; however, distant metastasis, poor differentiation and higher tumor size should be considered to have additional risks of death in colorectal cancer.

To analysis the epidemiological and clinopathological aspects of gastric cancer. We retrospectively studied the characteristics of 752 gastric carcinoma patients registered in cancer registry center of Taleghani hospital from 2001 to 2006. All the patients confirmed gastric cancer histopathologically. Univariate methods (Mann-Whitney U-test, and chi-square) were used for analysis. Among 752 cases, 535 (71.1%) were male. Sex ratio (male: female) was 2.49:1. The mean age of the patients was 59.7 years (SD = 12.9) at the time of the diagnosis. Weight loss, as a frequent symptom at the time of diagnosis, was observed in 57.7% of the cases. Most of the patients were diagnosed with advanced pathologic stage. In addition, tumor grading was poorly differentiated in most cases (28.7%); and in 49.9% of the patients, the tumors were located in the stomach, NOS; and distant metastasis was observed in 24.6% of the cases. Based on the results, earlier detection in younger ages and in primary stages of tumor, and subsequent higher quality care to cure GC and increase patients'' life expectancy are recommended.