فهرست مطالب zeynab asadi

The cracked fuel oil product (CFO) derived from the olefin process is a complex mixture of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with 13 to 31% of naphthalene. In recent years, new applications for industrial and extremely pure naphthalene have been developed. Therefore, an alternative method of the distillation and catalytic hydrogenation must be chosen to reduce the economic cost and environmental impact resulting from the increase in demand for pure naphthalene. In the present study, purification of naphthalene from a CFO using the crystallizations followed by the solvent extraction process has been compared with the distillation method. The Box-Behnken design (BBD) as a method of the response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to minimize the number of runs and process optimization. The crystals’ purity of 73.71% and the crystallization yield of naphthalene of 96.73% have been achieved at an optimum cooling temperature of 25 °C, which at lower temperatures, the yield of naphthalene recovery will be lower. The melting temperature, the extraction yield and the purity of naphthalene were 80.13 °C, 97.36% and 99.42%, respectively under optimum operational conditions of extraction temperature of 15.08 °C, phenol/methanol volume ratio of 1.01, and solvent/feed volume ratio of 1.72. The statistical results indicated that the response surface quadratic model for our parameters was significant (p-value <0.0001) and a perfect correlation (R2=0.9989) between the statistical model (Design-Expert) and experimental data was found. Furthermore, according to the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the temperature of extraction and its interaction with the phenol to methanol volume ratio has a significant impact on the melting temperature. Also, the solvent mixture will be highly recoverable from methanol and phenol. In general, our results suggest that the introduced approach is an efficient and promising technique for producing native naphthalene from CFO.

This study aimed to evaluate LAMP3 (CD208) gene expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and dysplastic oral epithelium by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and compare LAMP3 expression in different disease grades and stages

In this study, 60 OSCC and dysplastic oral epithelium samples were obtained from the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences together with their demographic and clinicopathological documents. LAMP3 expression was measured by qPCR.

LAMP3 expression was significantly greater in OSCC than in dysplasia samples (P=0.001), in grade III OSCC than in grades I and II, and also greater in advanced than in early OSCC disease stage (P=0.001).

The significantly greater LAMP3 expression in OSCC than in dysplastic epithelium indicates a role for LAMP3 in carcinogenesis in oral mucosa. Our results suggest LAMP3 may be useful as an anticancer target and/or to predict disease pathogenesis in OSCC patient’s cells.

Erynginum billardieri</em> has been used to control diabetes in traditional medicine. This research was performed to study the antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and hypolipidemic effects of E. billardieri</em> root extract (EBRE) on streptozotocin/nicotinamide-induced type 2 diabetic male rats.

Experimental approach: 

Type two diabetic animals were treated by three different doses of EBRE  (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg), orally administered for 4 weeks. Ultimately, after anesthesia, the glucose, insulin, lipid profiles, hepatic enzyme levels in the blood and liver, and pancreas tissues of the animals were analyzed.

Induction of diabetes caused a diminution in insulin level, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and significantly enhanced the level of other lipid profiles, glucose, and liver enzymes (P</em> < 0.05). Administration of the EBRE to diabetic-male rats significantly reduced glucose level, lipid profiles, and liver enzymes, and increased the level of HDL to near normal.

Conclusion and implications:

 The results of the present study showed that E. billardieri</em> had a positive effect on diminishing the lipid profiles, liver enzymes, and controlling diabetes. The most effective dose was found to be 100 mg/kg.

The aim of this study was to study the role of perfectionism and positive thinking of parents in prediction of social skills of the elementary students. The research method was descriptive – correlational (regression type). The population of this study was comprised of all elementary students in Ghaemshahr city during 2014-2015 academic year. The sample included 377 students who were randomly selected through cluster sampling method. To collect data, the Perfectionism Questionnaire of Hewitt and Flett, Positive Thinking Questionnaire of Ingram and Wisnicki, and Social Skills Questionnaire of Matson, Rotatori and Helsel were used. Data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regressions by SPSS- 18. The results showed that there is significance relation between perfectionism and positive thinking with social skills of the elementary students. The results of multiple regression analysis using simultaneous arrival research showed that perfectionism and positive thinking be explaining 31% of the variance of the total score of social skills, have the ability to predict the criterion variable. These findings indicate the need for serious attention by planners, counselors, and authorities to social skills of students.

Nowadays, use of ecosystem health indicators, such as aquatic invertebrates, fishes and birds, has received growing attention to quickly assess of ecosystem health due to their properties such as saves time, energy and costs. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the correlation among presence and density of the Cinclus cinclus and physico-chemical parameters of some riverine systems of Tehran and Hamedan provinces in 2015. In so doing, presence points and the number of individual birds were detected by direct observation and/or finding its signs and tracks along riversides. Then, some physicochemical properties of water (i.e. temperature, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity and pH) and richness and abundance of macrobenthos were investigated in the presence points of dipper. Also, all statistical analyses were performed using the Minitab and STATISTICA statistical software's. Based on the results of ordinal regression analysis and AIC, significant correlations were found between electrical conductivity, macrobenthos abundances as well as water temperature and the presence and density of the dipper. Therefore, it seems that our results revealed a good relationship between the presence and the density of the dipper and water quality in the studied riverine systems.

Population increasing and irregular Immigration to Tehran, which followed by developing construction, has been increased the hazard exposure of the city of Tehran. In addition, historical urban spreading of Tehran, and surrounding by the important active faults, increase the risk of earthquake consequence. After a destructive earthquake,  a capital city such as Tehran encounters to fire, subsidence, water leakage and failure of many services. Earthquake early warning system as a solution of risk reduction has been proposed in recent decades. A limited number of countries such as Japan, America, Mexico, Romania, have almost applied this system and some countries such as Turky, Korea, China, and Italy are developing EEWS. This paper was conducted for examination of the possibility or impossibility of using the earthquake early warning system of Tehran. Consequently a feasibility study of theoretical network has been investigated. Also sensitivity analysis of some EEWS parameters has been done. Finally, according to the Tehran’s active faults, we concluded that it is possible to provide alarm time for many destructive earthquakes.

In this study, the effect of internal information environment have been studied on tax avoidance in the companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. The Indicators used to measure avoid paying tax are the book effective tax rate, the cash effective tax rate and long-run cash effective tax rate. The sample includes 122 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange for 87 to 93. The results showed that there is no significant relationship between earnings announcement speed and the three proxies used to avoid paying taxes. On the other hand, the relationship between management forecast accuracy and avoid paying taxes was positive, this positive relationship indicates that the low profit forecast accuracy by managers reduce tax avoidance activity and managers can invest in information systems companies under their management to improve the quality of its internal information, because high internal information quality allow the firm to find more long-term tax avoidance opportunities with recurring and sustained benefits rather than pursuing risky one-time opportunities.

The main objective of this study is to investigate nonlinear relationship between investment on fixed assets and performances of the companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange, TSE, in the 4- year-period of 1386 to 1390, regarding the differences among industries that arises from different amount of investments on fixedassets in different industries. The panel data model is used to test the research hypothesis. In this model, firm’s performance is viewed as the dependent variable, and investment on fixed assets along with control variables of firm size, capital structure, profitability, dividends and unemployment rates as independent variables.The findings indicated that there exists a non-linear relationship between capital intensity and firm’s performance in all the companies in the TSE, and that it is a U-shaped relationship in the non-metallic mineral industry and food industry that means there exists one point in which at a given level of investment on fixed assets, firm’s performance is at the minimum level. Also, the results indicated that the relationship for the chemical products industry is an inverted Ushaped one, where the optimal point shows the maximum performance of the firms at a given level of investment on fixed assets.

The leishmaniases are considered among the major infectious diseases affecting public health in several regions. There are many chemical agents which are effective in treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. But, overall treatment of visceral leishmaniasis is often difficult. Thus, identification of new chemotherapeutic agents is important for treatment of disease. Since targeting of the ergosterol synthesis pathway of Leishmania may be useful therapeutically, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of alone or in combination of amiodarone and ketoconazole on Leishmania infantum. To obtain logarithmic promastigotes of L. infantum, the parasites were cultured in BHI medium with FCS 10% together with antibiotics of penicillin and streptomycin and incubated at 24° C. Amastigote forms were obtained in BHI medium supplemented with 20% FCS at pH of 5.5 which incubated in 37° C. L.infantum susceptibility to amiodarone and ketoconazole was evaluated by proliferation of parasites in the absence or presence of these drugs with MTT assay. For evaluation of antiproliferative synergism against promastigotes and axenic amastigotes, fractional inhibitory concentrations (FIC) were calculated. An isobologram curve was constructed too. Amiodarone produced a marked reduction in the viability of L.infantum promastigotes and axenic amastigotes. On the other hand ketoconazole induced a dose dependent effect on the parasites proliferation for promastigotes and axenic amastigotes. When the drugs were used in combination, the results indicated clear synergistic as shown by a concave isobologram and FIC value. The present study represents the evidence that the combination of amiodarone plus ketoconazole acts synergistically in controlling L. infantume in vitro. It is possible that amiodarone could be used in combination with ketoconazole to combat infection at low doses, thus reducing its side effects such as cardiotoxicity, thyroid dysfunction and pulmonary fibrosis.

Anterior knee pain (AKP) is one of the common problems in active people specially، women. One of the consequences of this impairment is its effects on postural control which include static postural stability to dynamic activities. The aim of this study was to compare functions of patients with AKP according to different levels of sensory information and perturbation and the study of the interactions between these factors. A case – control study was performed on two groups of 30 (18-35 years) healthy subjects and AKP patients. Balance was evaluated in two different occasions; standing on the affected limb on two different unstable levels of Biodex stability system with eyes open and eyes closed. Total stability index and percent maintaining in zone A were evaluated for postural control. Multiple analyses of variance showed that the main effects of health status (p=0. 04)، base of support (P = 0. 000) and visual information (P = 0. 000) and the interaction between visual information and base of support (P = 0. 002) on total stability index were significant. The result of this study emphasizes the importance of properioception and visual information on the maintenance of dynamic balance. The dependence of both studied groups on visual information in the difficult levels of postural task was another finding of this study

This study set to assess the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy in ameliorating GAD in adolescents. The participants of the study comprised 62 girls with GAD that were selected by diagnostic interview and Penn State Worry Questionnaire and randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. In order to assess the effectiveness of CBT on decreasing anxiety, Cattell anxiety Questioners was used the before and after CBT. t-test analysis showed a significant difference between the two groups. Cognitive-behavioral therapy could be suggested as a useful therapeutic method to treat anxiety in adolescents.