جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « خوشه های صادراتی » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

The present study aimed to present an export clusters model using an international entrepreneurship approach with an emphasis on raisin product‌.‌‌ The research method is applied-developmental in terms of objective and descriptive / survey in terms of data collection‌.‌‌ It was conducted on a sample of 10 experts from Ministry of Industry and Mining, Chambers of Commerce, Ministry of Agriculture Jihad and Raisin Exporters in Tehran and Qazvin cities‌.‌‌ It was conducted using Atlas software‌.‌‌ In the first step (open coding), the components were derived from the data of in-depth interviews and their processing and categorizing‌.‌‌ These categories included the components of product, marketing and advertising, quality, technology production factors, environmental factors, cultural factors, legal factors, social factors, etc‌.‌‌ In the second step (axial coding), the axial coding was performed based on the paradigm model to design and institutionalize the management of international entrepreneurship and expert clusters‌.‌‌ In this research, factors such as development of culture, a comprehensive and proper strategic plan, and appropriate with the needs of companies, export marketing, and the use of modern marketing techniques, equipment supply (combination of hardware and software elements), implementation of content management, provision of appropriate infrastructure, creating and utilizing enterprise portals, implementing social network and blogs for knowledge dissemination and transfer in the process of expert, utilizing e-learning, signing international contract with target market countries, and creating processes for creativity, innovation and identification of the needs of the target markets were identified as influential factors in the model‌.‌‌ Finally, a general model was presented to extend the theory of export clusters using an international entrepreneurship approach with an emphasis on raisin product‌.‌‌ It is considered as the innovation of this research and indicates that export clustering with an emphasis on raisin export can result in international entrepreneurship‌.

Most members of the Iran export clusters are small and medium-sized enterprises. Investigation of researches confirm that no coherent framework for international development of export clusters has been presented so far. Therefore, due to the widespread failure of export clusters in international markets, the present study, by emphasis on exploratory approach and utilization of experts' views in this field and using interpretive structural modeling method, has provided a model for applying coopetetive strategy in internationalization of export clusters. The present research has innovation in the area of applying coopetetive strategy in terms of both framework development and methodology. This research was carried out in 2018 and by introducing fifteen effective factors, developed the proposed model in three different levels. According to this model, the most important factors influencing the international development of Iran export clusters are two factors: public recognition of clusters in the context of export markets and their international trade agreements, which are at the third level of the proposed model. While the three identified factors at the second level are conflict management among members, analysis of international markets and analysis of attractiveness of international markets by clusters. The other ten factors identified at the first level of the proposed model, including formulation of export strategies and operational plans, development of a culture of cooperation and workgroups, etc. are the next priorities in this field.