جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « لغویان » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

The verbal interpretation rules are disciplined solutions in the semantics of the Holy Quran, and identifying them is a necessity. Due to the interpreter's assumptions and some shortcomings in the performance of the philologists, considering these rules in the process of interpretation will lead to amazing results. So, in this study, by using a descriptive-analytical method, these rules have been extracted from the interpretive and lexical books and examined. The most important of them are; using of the famous and dominant meaning, preferring the religious meaning to the customary and lexical ones, non-relying on the word alone, and priority of the sayings of the earlier interpreters over the philologists. The findings show that considering all the rules, sources, and evidence instead of the word alone, is effective in verbal interpretation. These rules conform with the literary principles and philology, and by their implementation, Quranic concepts and meanings will be usable forever. In order to identify the rules of verbal interpretation, the findings of this writing could be used.

The two concepts satan/Iblis are considered as the most important concepts in the Qur’an, as they have a major role in the system of guidance/misguidnce which is the main purpose of sending prophets and revealing the Qurchr('39')an. Providing an incorrect understanding can lead to a misunderstanding of the function of Satan in this system. This study tries to use the etymology by paying attention to the linguistic context of the Qurchr('39')an, to provide a clearer explanation of these two concepts and to examine the views of the lexicographers. It observed that the word "Sheitan" derived from "ŝtn" that means enemy, competition … coming from magic. However, despite emphasizing "ŝtn" as the source of "Sheitan", the lexicographers have emphasized the meaning of the root "ŝt" - deviate and turn aside- and have placed the focus of meaning on Satanchr('39')s own condition in being misguided. The combination of words in the meanings of enmity, discord, obstruction and magic with this word in the Qurchr('39')an confirms the results of etymological studies and shows that the focus of the meaning is on the effect of Satan on human misguidance and not his own condition. Regarding the word Iblis, the lexicographers have expressed two theories of derivation from the "bls" meaning despair or loanword in the meaning of mixed and inspector. Studies show that "Iblis" does not related to the meanings of mixed and inspector, but is a Greek word in the original sense of a liar and a special name for one of the Satans.

Among the issues that have arisen in the past and today between lexicographers and commentators is the existence or absence of synonyms in the Holy Qur’an. It should be noted that scholars in the past interpreted most of the Quranic words with other words, which could imply the existence of synonyms in their view. However, from the middle of the third century, some lexicographers came up with a different view that each term was formed for a particular meaning; hence no two terms are synonyms. Abuhlal Askari also commented on this point and wrote a book titled “Al-Furuk al-Lukhwai”, in which he distinguished between synonymous words, but in this way he had not been immune to mistake. In this research, we have criticized the strength and weakness of their opinions according to a number of lexicographers and commentators; regardless of representing any personal interest. In the case of the existence or absence of synonyms in the Holy Qur’an, it should be said that synonyms are not used in it, and each word has its own special meaning; and words are only partially synonymous with each other. Even lexicographers and commentators have not believed in synonymy for each word, and they have considered different meanings for each word. It is worth mentioning that so far, nobody has looked at the synonyms according to Abohelal in the book “Al-Frouh Al-Lughoyeh”, and based on commentators’ views; thus this research is unprecedented in its field.