جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « islamist movements » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

In recent decades, Maktab Quran(MQ),founded by Ahmad Muftizadeh (Iranian Sunni Kurdish scholar and political activist) in 1977,as the oldest Iranian Sunni Islamist group, has experienced different phases in its evolution, bothstructurally and discursively. In this study,using grounded theory,we have examined the social mechanisms affecting Iranian Sunni Kurd's tendency to Islamist movements (MQ as the case study, in the fourth phase of its structural evolution since1995). This study argues a major reason for Sunni Kurds’ orientation to Maktabis a tendency among people to live in a "community", and what makes this community ideal is a collective life that strengthenspersonal relationships and collective solidarity. Also, the dominant social relationships in society have moved toward a kind of "societal" relationshipcharacterized by impersonal relationships, alienation and increasing individualism. In this study it is argued that while the influence of societal world is increasing, some of its alienated inhabitants try to leave it and dwell in a new community. Therefore, currently, due to lack of other supportive structures in today's Iranian society, MQ, with its community-like characteristics, functions as a kind of haven for Iranian Sunni Kurds who feel alienated from the individualistic society.This is a new kind of "Hijra" in our modern era, which is not place-based but is rather characterized by transformations in Maktabi Muslims’ social ties and beliefs, which virtually provide them with a new Ummah–MaktabQur’an–to live in.

Turkish Islam Movement led by Fethullah Gulen is among the most interesting examples of liberal Islamist thoughts in the Middle East. Gulen and his followers have attempted to establish a political-religious movement supporting modernism, Turkish nationalism, tolerance and democracy without victimizing religious commandments, and the Movement and its leadership’s structure and philosophy have today found manifestations in many educational groups and institutions. A number of Turkish secular elites consider Gulen’s Movement as a progressive development, whereas some others evaluate it as a latent threat. It appears that the study of this Islamist movement and of its effects can be of interest and benefit for understanding the developments taking place in contemporary Turkish politics.

Saad Eddin Ibrahim, the renowned Egyptian sociologist, is one of the scholars who has focused his studies on social developments in the Arab Middle East. In the present article, referring to the concept of ‘civil society’ and its connection with such concepts as democracy, he reveals the impact of the universal trend of democratization on the relationship between the state and society in the Arab World. In his viewpoint, in the 1980s and 1990s, a trilateral struggle has been under way among the ruling regimes, Islamist movements and institutions of civil society to gain and preserve power, and a bilateral coalition has occasionally emerged against the third actor. He refers to the
instances of Palestine, Algeria and Egypt; he considers the first as an example of ‘Islamist Fear of Democracy’ and regards the second as an instance of ‘State Fear of Democracy.’ Egyptian situation in his view, is more complicated and calls it resident triangle. Despite the fact that the article has been authored some time ago, and the Arab Middle East has seen enormous changes since then, the article’s academic achievements seem to remain learning and considerable.