جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « legitimacy theory » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

Today, digital transformation is considered a key driver of innovation in all businesses. The emergence of technological innovation has substantially influenced all financial markets. In the insurance industry, for example, a new concept called "insurtech" has emerged, which uses technological innovation to offer new solutions to different parts of the insurance industry’s supply chain. Revenue models are new sources of innovation, and selecting an appropriate revenue model and value proposition (i.e., the best business model) is a strategic action; therefore, identification, design, and implementation of the appropriate business model are as important as selection of the best technologies and effective use of available capital and equipment. This study was based on Osterwalder's business model, a model that many researchers consider one of the most comprehensive and practical business frameworks. Although many scholars have examined various types of insurtechs from different perspectives, only a few studies have investigated insurtech business models, especially those of on-demand insurtechs. The success of on-demand insurtechs depends on the suitability of their revenue model and value proposition. In other words, these technology businesses will face many problems and challenges if they use an inefficient business model.

This qualitative applied-experimental study identified and analyzed the revenue model and value proposition of some on-demand insurtechs and offered coherent suggestions to align these two frameworks. The sample was selected from two groups of experts in the insurance industry and the technology industry (n = 27) in Tehran, Iran. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews, and obtained data were analyzed using the thematic and content analysis methods by adopting the grounded theory approach.

any way, 48 categories related to the revenue model, value proposition, and coherent suggestions were extracted. The present study identified property and person insurance as the most frequent category of presentable values and accident insurance as the most frequent type of property insurance. Likewise, the researchers foregrounded innovation in product development, extra product personalization, and initiatives in underwriting policies as the customers’ desirable values. According to the results, it is imperative to integrate and coordinate the components of the revenue model with the value proposition parameter in the business model of on-demand insurtechs. In other words, it seems impossible to develop a successful business model by only identifying the elements of every dimension. Therefore, to integrate these components, it is necessary to consider new pricing criteria and coordinate customer business preferences. This study has also presented new suggestions as novel criteria for estimating insurance premiums in auto accident insurance.

The need to establish new pricing criteria and to balance the preferences of customers and sellers in on-demand insurtechs was the main finding of the present research. The findings of this study carry some practical implications for the government, legislating institutions, and insurance companies that can lead to developments in on-demand insurtechs. Practical implications for the government: Supporting private insurers, delegating big insurance companies to the private sector, offering legal facilitative and supportive financial aid packages for on-demand insurtechs as knowledge-based businesses, reducing restrictive rules and making guidelines flexible, training and promoting culture, using new on-demand insurance models in society, etc.; Practical implications for insurance companies: Developing technology in their structure, applying new pricing models and defining services, supporting agents and brokers presenting technological insurance, modeling the insurers of developed countries in the world, etc.; Practical implications for entrepreneurs: Identifying and ranking customer preferences accurately for on-demand insurance (Table 2). On-demand insurance businesses should design and introduce insurance products for every one of these preferences. Furthermore, training, culturalizing, and informing are crucial for developing on-demand insurance. These actions should seek to attract customer trust in new insurance products, recognize the necessary technological tools, and justify the advantage and privilege of on-demand insurance over conventional ones. Entrepreneurs should endeavor to identify and employ diverse and sustainable revenue streams in every insurance type. Defining strategic cooperations with other businesses, such as sharing economy businesses or conventional insurance agents, can also create a valuable competitive advantage for insurtechs. Since the business practices of on-demand insurtechs are mainly based on artificial intelligence and technology, the collection and record of macro data can also be a beneficial source for these businesses. The human resource and administrative costs are the shared points of on-demand technological and conventional insurance businesses. Insurtechs should attempt to minimize these costs by employing technology and pruning bureaucracy and human contributions.Determining new criteria for insurance pricing in on-demand insurtechs can convince insurers to present on-demand insurance services. This step will accurately decide the probability of loss and help offer customized services considered by customers. Concerning the pricing domain, customers’ preferences (the amount they wish to pay for the presented value) should fit with insurers’ preferences (the amount they should take for offering on-demand services). The required underwriting time in micro-insurances is also a significant area where the fit between customer and insurer preferences should be observed. Future studies are recommended to probe new criteria for estimating insurance premiums in other insurance types, introduce and apply novel tools for measuring risk calculation criteria, investigate technological tools and approaches to reducing the likelihood of deception in on-demand insurtechs, measure the impact of various criteria on the probability of loss and damage, and identify and examine other components of the business model of on-demand insurtechs.

Agency and signaling theories are one of the most important management drivers for risk disclosure. Considering the impact of auditing on reducing the agency conflict, the present study investigates the relationship between risk disclosure with audit report clauses.

The data of 169 firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange have been used during the years 2013 to 2020. The models were fitted using logistic and poisson regressions. To measure the level of risk disclosure, the number of relevant sentences and relevant paragraph in the board activity reports, management interpretive reports and the notes to the financial statements has been used.

The findings show that with the increase in the level of risk disclosure, the probability of issuing a modified audit report decrease. According to this, there is a negative relationship between the increase in risk disclosure and the number of clauses in the audit report. Examining the level of risk disclosure and the type of clauses in the audit report shows that by increasing the level of disclosure based on the number of paragraphs, the probability of issuing an auditor's report containing the clauses of the lack of sufficient reserve for performance taxes, the lack of sufficient reserve for suspecting claims, audit confirmations, and the clause of lack of documents decreases.

Contribution:

 The effect of risk disclosure on audit report has not been investigated. Findings, while emphasizing the importance of risk disclosure reporting, clarify the necessity of approving risk disclosure reporting framework to improve users' decision making.

In the last decade, the use of sustainability reporting as a tool for communicating and reporting on the performance of sustainability objectives by companies has led to a growing awareness of its value and development in the corporate world. Therefore, exploring this phenomenon for a better understanding and identifying its characteristic elements is important. This study aims to systematically review the literature to establish the distinctive elements of sustainability reporting and provide a complete theoretical framework that allows the classification of the drivers that are crucial for adopting sustainability reporting. Through the analysis, we describe the characteristic elements of sustainability reporting in a homogeneous and concise summary. The drivers that result, may prove useful not only in the context of non-financial reporting but also in encouraging adequate economic-business reflections that may inspire new research trajectories for scholars field.

Evaluating the quality of sustainability disclosure and its impact on sustainability performance based on legitimacy theoryAbstractThe aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of sustainability disclosure and its impact on sustainability performance. In this regard, content analysis has been used to measure the sustainability disclosure of companies. In order to perform content analyze, a checklist tool consisting of 34 components and 104 indicators were used to describe the criteria for disclosure identification. The sample of the present study, which has been selected by systematic removal method, includes 130 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange for the years 2012 to 2018. This applied research is of a descriptive-correlation type. To analyze the data, Eviews Econometrics Software and a multivariate linear regression model have been used to test the hypotheses. The research hypotheses test results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the quality of sustainability disclosure, amount of high quality sustainability disclosure and sustainability performance, but no negative relationship was observed between low quality sustainability disclosure and sustainability performance. In other words, in the Iranian capital market, the proposed components and indicators related to sustainability disclosure are not considered very important and attention is not paid to the quality of sustainability disclosure. Therefore, the evidence obtained in this study showed that the reporting quality of sustainability disclosure in Iran is lower than foreign research.

One of the requirements of economic growth and development is access to transparent information for all stakeholders. Companies that do not have transparent and credible financial reporting are exposed to credit risk and lose the confidence of shareholders. The quality of disclosure of accounting information is an important factor in determining the audit quality by a large group of public and users of accounting information. However, even with increasing mandatory disclosure requirements, companies continue to provide voluntary information. As such, the motivation for such behavior has attracted a great deal of attention, which has made the subject of voluntary disclosure attractive. In the present study, we attempted by integrating theories of marking and legitimacy in voluntary disclosure of non-financial information, the role of this information and audit quality in a framework and multiple regression models was examined. For this purpose, the data of 102 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the ten-year period from 1388 to 1397 were used. The results showed that voluntary disclosure of non-financial information and audit quality reduce agency costs, risk aversion, cost of equity and cost of debt and enhance stock liquidity and firm market value.

The purpose of this study is to explain the role of gender diversity in the value relevance of social responsibility reporting. When a firm deals with the social responsibility issue, executives and stockholders gain incentives to obtain potential benefits. On the other hand, the existence of gender diversity in a firm reflects its commitment to social laws and regulations and can affect the reputation and, ultimately, the value of the firm. This study is a post-event, causal and applied research. The sample consists of 156 firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period from 2012 to 2016. To test the hypothesis, panel data method and multivariate linear regression analysis are used. Findings show that social responsibility has value relevance in line with the theory of legitimacy. Gender diversity also increases the firm value based on the agency theory and also increases the value relevance of corporate social responsibility reporting.

In order to move to the fair value based financial reporting from historical cost based, impairment testing, is a new cautious approach. Information reported in the financial statements if the Impairment of assets not reported, will not be useful for decision making by users. The present study aims to provide a theoretical survey of the reasons and importance of reporting the Asset Impairment in terms of agency theory, signaling theory andlegitimacy theory. Also the market evidences of the consequences of reporting the Assets Impairment from view of the Value relevance, Timely reporting, audit fees, earning management, future returns and Analyst forecast accuracy is examined. What is inferred from the results, reporting a decrease in the value of assets would be admitted to the exercise of management's judgment in manipulation of activities and real events, as well as from view the motivational impact of accounting standards and agency problems, due to the flexibility that exists in this standard, Can be cause sufficient incentives for management to deal with complex and unexpected situations.

The main objective of this study is investigation into the relationship between the company characteristics and the level of social and environmental disclosure of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. Target sample consists of 68 of the listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange during 1388 to 1393. Collected data were analysed using multivariate regression model through panel data method. The results show a significant positive relationship between firm size, firm performance and the presence of independent directors with company's social and environmental disclosure. Moreover, there is a significant negative relationship between institutional ownership and the level of social and environmental disclosure. The results also show there is no significant relationship between financial leverage, ownership structure, the auditor size and the board size with the level of social and environmental disclosure. Finally, the results show there are significant differences between the level of social and environmental disclosure in different industries.

The purpose of this study is survey of Factors influencing voluntary disclosure of information. Disclosure of voluntary information is disclosure beyond legal obligations, which have been formulated by legislative bodies and play an important role in reducing the information asymmetry between managers and outside investors plays. Research shows that Agency theory (due to a conflict of interest between the manager and owner), signaling theory (due to asymmetric information), the theory of capital need (the need to attract foreign investors) and legitimacy theory (because of the need to continue working and social needs) are the theories that represent voluntary disclosure of information.in the case of Voluntary disclosure, managers are doing such Disclosures, when its benefits exceed its costs. In this article we review the theories of voluntary disclosure, costs and benefits of disclosure of information, Motivations to voluntary disclosure and Constraints on voluntary disclosure of information.

During the past few decades, the trend of increasing industrial advancement and in the other hand environmental and natural resources limitation has been attracting worldwide attention in to environmental protection. Also growing demand of stakeholders from companies to adopt corporate social responsibility, incentive them to involve in social and environmental responsibility. Since globalization, corporations in developing countries are now tending to move in to global markets. So in order to gain acceptability in global markets, they have to show that they are implementing social and environmental responsibility. In the current study several theories that explain a company’s motivation to disclose social and environmental information; include: political economy theory, legitimacy theory, stakeholder theory and Institutional theory are introduced and the practical research belongs to above theories are presented.

This paper study theories of the voluntary disclosures and represent outcomes of the latest researches in this regard. Our study is focused on value added reporting and environmental accounting theories and researches, since these disclosures have been increased in the last two decades. We explain the meaning and usage of the political economy theory,legitimacy theory,stackeholders theory,decision usefulness approach and positive accounting theory in above subjects. Outcomes of this study show that voluntary disclosure is not consistent and these disclosures are done for particular purpose.