جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « tazilites » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

The leadership of Imam Baqir (1414-95 AH) coincided with the emergence of schools of thought that were formed under the influence of the cultural efforts of the Umayyads.These new ideas quickly spread a chain of beliefs in society. Such circumstances led the Imam to a religious-social reformist reaction.How that Imam, in response to these activities, proceeded with the reform process is the fundamental question of this research.Studies show that the Imam, while inspecting the new schools, undertook a series of "introductory", "executive" and "long-term" programs, and in four stages of "identification","Student training","Cultural reform" and "Political reform" reformed the Islamic society.Modeling, as part of the Imam's reform strategy, led to the design of "spiritual", "educational", "scientific", "socio-political" and "doctrinal" models by the Imam. In the discussion of the doctrinal model, the processing of "Mahdism","Correction of Mu'tazilite and Marja'i Beliefs","Correction of Kharijite view of Ahl al-Bayt", "correction of public view of Ali (AS) and Hasnain (AS)", "correction of Ghalyan beliefs" are examined in this research. Leading research with the method of collecting socio-cultural history data while analyzing the contemporary society of Imam in Iraq and Hejaz, based on the theory of religious reform, deals with the process of reform from Imam's point of view.

This article uses a descriptive and analytical method toexamine the Mu'tazilites' views and attitudes about the homeland, people and race, human equality according to the Mu'tazilite school with emphasis on the ideas of the Mu'tazilites and in this regard, examine the criteria of superiority. And criticizes the walls of discrimination that some governments have raised as criteria of superiority. Jahez, like other Mu'tazilites, considers equality and piety as the most important values ​​of the Islamic State, although in some comments he agrees with the early Umayyad caliphs due to the stabilization of social and class positions of individuals and the observance of some Islamic values ​​desired by the Mu'tazilites.Keywords: moral foundations, Islamic state, hegemony, Mu'tazilites

Narrated Attributes are among the similarities of the Qur'an that are attributed to God only by quoting verses and hadiths and are not obtained through reason; Attributes such as face, hands, sitting of the Lord on the throne, etc., which cause the illusion of simile and physicality. There are four main views on the similarities of the Qur'an: the view of the apparent, the theory of verbal sharing, the theory of truth and virtual, and the theory of the spirit of meaning. In this article, an attempt has been made to use an analytical-critical approach, using hermeneutic principles, to arrive at a correct way of understanding religious texts in Islamic studies, and then to use this method to critique the views of attributes from the perspective of Ash'arite, Mu'tazilite and Imami theologians and the accuracy of each based on the hermeneutics of Islamic studies should be examined. As a result, it is stated that the understanding of the verses of attributes that have no conflict with the principles of religion and is in accordance with the hermeneutic principles of a method in Islamic studies and is far from any permissible, is related to the Imami method.

The Mu'tazilites, as one of the theological religions in the Islamic world, have played an influential role in the development of various Qur'anic sciences. The miracle of the Qur'an is one of the most complex and difficult topics in the field of Qur'anic sciences, which has been considered by Muslim scholars, especially the Mu'tazilites, since the revelation of the Qur'an, and through which valuable views have been presented. In the present article, with a descriptive-analytical approach, the views of the Mu'tazilites on the miracle of the Qur'an were criticized. In particular, three views of economics, news of the unseen and the rhetorical miracle of the Qur'an were examined and the views of Mu'tazilite scholars in the field of the above three theories were examined. The most important result of the research is that the Mu'tazilites went astray in the field of economy, but presented acceptable views in scientific circles in the field of news of the unseen and rhetorical miracles.

With the beginning of the translation movement in the second and third centuries AH, the entry of rational sciences into the Islamic world, the evolution of theology and the development of theological disciplines among Muslims, the scholars of the Islamic world sought to learn these sciences. The combination of these factors caused the theological views of Muslim scholars to appear in their various writings, including interpretive and theological views. Using descriptive-analytical method, this research seeks to answer the question of what effects theological views have had on the formation and formulation of the rules of Arabic grammar. Analytical descriptive study of this issue indicates that the important role of theology in the development and regulation of syntactic views in various chapters such as: syntactic causes, conflict, the position of the subject and the object and the Arabs of the two, and ... causes issues such as factor and Common, syntactic causes, appearances of major and minor Arabs, chapters and partial rules of grammar became fully apparent.

One of the most challenging issues related to understanding the Qur'an is the issue of "interpretation", which has been closely linked to theological disputes for centuries.And theological schools, based on their epistemological presuppositions, have used or opposed it in understanding the Qur'an.The culmination of the discussion of this issue is manifested in the understanding of the news attributes of God that most theological sects consider these attributes as similar and interpret them.But others refuse to interpret by insisting on the appearance of the verses. Recognizing and enumerating different approaches in this field and evaluating their strengths and weaknesses, requires a comparative study of them with each other.This article seeks to provide a clear picture of various theological approaches to the problem of "interpretation" by studying the ancient sources of Islamic difference and using the method of "description and analysis".The results of the research indicate that there are two main theological approaches in this regard: 1) metaphorical approach and 2) purgatory approach, which includes three purgatory readings of the delegates, Mu'tazilites and Imams.