جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "راهبرد نظامی" در نشریات گروه "تاریخ"

In his political relations, the holy prophet (SAW) used strategies of various types, one of which was the military one. In this regard, some questions to answer concern the nature of military strategies used by the prophet and the extent to which he employed them to fulfill his aims and to adjust political relations. The outcome of this stance is evident in his political relations. The findings of the present descriptive-analytical study that surveys historical sources show that the prophet (SAW) made the least use of military attacks, and mainly benefited from defensive positions as a deterrence strategy aimed at stabilizing the Islamic government. To prove this, the present article provides evidence. The results also show that although the prophet’s military actions were merely defensive, he has used his war tactics so accurately that he could alter the political relations in the Arabian Peninsula and encourage people to accept Islam.

Baghdad was the center of the caliphate of the Islamic world for more than five centuries. It was conquered by the Mongols in 656 AH, so this is the most important event in the political developments of that time. The military strategies of the Mongol empire enabled them to conquer almost the entire continent of Asia and parts of Eastern Europe. They adopted useful technologies for attacking fortifications from other cultures, and employed foreign technical experts. Their military structure was very flexible, and allowed the Mongol army to attack in large groups to besiege the enemy or ambush them in order to destroy a fugitive and defeated army. Thus, the present study seeks to find out what effects the Mongol military strategies had on the downfall of Baghdad. The article adopts a historical method in analyzing and explaining the military strategies of the Mongols in the conquest of Baghdad. The findings indicate that the weak structure of the caliphate, their military organizations, and the strategies they implemented played a very important role in the fall of Baghdad after five centuries of centralization of the caliphate. The use of light military equipment and catapults, their adoption of irregular warfare, consultation, and the evaluation of public opinion were the most important factors in the success of the Mongols.

Circumstance of having relation with Mamluks was important subject in Ilkhandis era. Importance of strategic of Mamluks’s realm and significant role which Mediterranean sea prepare for these areas; attracted Mongoles to them since Holaku came and Mongoles conquer Jazireh and parts of Sham quickly. Priority of Mamluks in Eyn-e-Jalut led to Ilkhandis take depredational economic and militarian strategic against Mamluks but their militarian strategic wasnt too succesful.Thus Ilkhandis who were successor of Ghazan, by being realistic and using of rival’s preparation, attempt for replacing political and cultural strategic instead of militarian one and instead of contrasting put collabration in their agenda. This essay, in addition of surveying the preventing and preparing factors of Peaceful relations between these two governments in 8th era, checking the backgrouds and circumstances of this strategic changes out. Byproduct of research recounts that Ilkhandis and Mamlukes government affected by their structure situation peace out together and these 2 muslim government achieve Convergence.

Since 31 (A.H) that the first Arab conquerors entered Khorasan state until the year 86 (A.H) that Ghotaybah Ibn Muslem Baheli was appointed as the governor on behalf of Hajaj Ibn Yoosef Thaghafi in Khorasan, the Arabs had ruled over the Khorasan, but they did not succeed in ruling over the Oxus. All of the endeavors that have been made up to this period were nothing except one or two short-time attacks by Obaydollah Ibn Ziyad and Saeed Ibn Othman, that even some researchers have some serious doubt about it. Local governments have encompassed (city states) of Takharestan, Choghanian, Bokhara, Samarghand, Kharazm, Chach and Farghaneh with different multi-cultural situations, and religions such as Buddhist, Zoroastrian, Manichean, Nastoari, and Jewish. Head farmers and merchants were the most powerful strata in this society. The main focus of this article—considering the geographic, cultural and social characteristic of Transoxiana—is to determine which military strategy has been applied by the Arabs in the conquest of this area. This research applies the method of historical analysis and is based upon the original and first-hand scripts and documents. The findings of this research prove this important point that Hajaj and Ghotaybeh had different multi-lateral military strategy accompanied by political, social, cultural and economical dimensions; and during one decade of thoughtful politics of Hajaj and also the military power of Ghotaybah they could provide the necessary conditions to stabilize the Islamic sovereignty and the dominance of Muslim Arabs over Transoxiana.