جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "ریشه شناسی" در نشریات گروه "تاریخ"

"History of the Ajam Sultans" is the work of Waqar Shirazi, who in the period of literary return, following the example of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, reads Roza al-Safa, and Bahram ibn Farhad's Chaharchaman civilization was written. This book deals with the four periods of Pishdadian, Kianian, Parthian and Sassanid. In this work, the author tries to bring his written language closer to the ancient Iranian style and revive it. Therefore, he did not use Arabic words and instead used some more descriptive words. The purpose of this article is to study the "naming and etymology" of some historical names in the "History of Ajam Sultans" and the dignity of Shirazi. This article has been done in a library method and in a descriptive-analytical manner. The result of the research shows that the author has used a consistent procedure in writing the book throughout the book and while classifying the periods, he has also mentioned the etymology of the periods and kings.Keywords: History of Ajam Sultans, Shirazi Dignity, Naming, Etymology

A glance at the written heritage of Iran reveals that Iranians have always referred to Arabs using the word “Tazi” or “Tazis” and referred to Arabic using the word “Tazi” language. However, it is not quite clear why and since when they have called Arabs as “Tazis”, or why the definitions of this word and the reasons given for such a denomination are so different and sometimes contradictory in various Persian and Arabic sources. Here, following a document analysis method, the author intends to examine the etymology of this original Persian word and the reasons behind its application to Arabs in various historical and religious texts and dictionaries. The findings of the study indicate the presence of a mythical and religious belief among ancient Iranians stating that “Taz” was the great ancestor of Arabs, and that is why the word “Tazi” is applied to Arabs themselves and their language.

As it has been brought in this research, the first part of the toponym of Khabushan (Khabush) along with “Keufich” (“Keufichia” in ancient Persian inscription) and “Kofich” (in toponym of Kofijan) are same in the root. Moreover, as a Hypothetical and reconstructed form of “Khofach” and “Khooch” are reconstructable. In pre-Islamic period, all of a sudden, this last form (Khofach or Khooach) converted to Khaooch or Khaboch/Khabosh that the only root of Khabosh has been reminded in Khanoshan (An Arabized form of Khabochan) in Written sources. It seems it has the same root and mean with Hanoch in Habochestan (it is Khuzestan in Pahlavi language). Another sample in sound shift and change (Khofach or Khooach to Khaooach/ Khaaboch or Khabosh) is Sooashon /suvašun / that has been converted to Saooshon /savušun/. Khabushan means High and mountainous land which is hypothetically made Arabic as Khabouchan. The last form in the oldest written sources has been come like Khojan (Khochan), and from the Mongolian period onward, based on written sources has been pronounce as Qochan.

Different historiographies, such as presentist, historio-philosophic, Corbinian and Jungian, have been applied in order to reconstruct the history of alchemy in Islamic societies in the Middle Ages. One technique which can be used, in one way or another, in each of these historiographies, is the etymology. We see that the alchemists themselves and also biobibliographers (Jaldakī, Eznīqī, Safadī, Khawrazmī, Jawharī, ibn Nadīm, for example) have presented different etymologies for the word “al-kīmīyā”. Here, some of these etymologies have been illustrated and analyzed, both from the historic and from the phenomenological points of view.

Nowadays, legendary etymology is a manifestation of the mass culture which has long been popular among Iranians. There are also abundant instances of this type of etymology in the names of cities and towns. One of the cities of Iran, conventionally (non-scientifically) and colloquially etymologized centuries before, notwithstanding its ancient forms, today is known as Kermanshah. In some history books, there is a legend in which Bahram IV, the Sassanid king, is known as the founder of Kermanshah since there is a seeming similarity in the name of the city and the king’s given name. They also believe that he has given his name, Kermanshah, to the city after building it. This legend originates from a misunderstanding throughout history permeated among history books. Today, it is believed as a true story among people. The present study is an attempt to describe different forms of names given to this city in historical books and historical geographies. Then, it is concluded that the proper name of the city is “mountainous terrain” or “the mountain place”. In this way different methods are applied which include studying Pahlavi script of the name given to this city, reviewing literature surveying the name of the city and meanings attributed to it, considering historical and geographical features of Kermanshah, its cultural and religious status in the past, linguistic rules and etymological analysis of its main name, Kermanshah.