جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « سلسله های محلی » در نشریات گروه « تاریخ »

14th century is the century of establishment of local dynasties. In this century, various dynasties proliferated throughout Iran, hence, there was not a central and integrate government. In this research, lifespan of governments and average time of monarchies examined by Cliometrica as one of the components of instability. As a result, there is a correlation between lifespan of governments and monarchies with creation of unstable conditions. Average lives of five monarchies in these centuries are 51 years that is a low number. Among these five monarchies, no Dynasties has lived for over a hundred years, three ones had less than 50 years age. Average of monarchies was under 10 years. Dynasties in these two centuries had a short age of stability and there was one stable monarch. Some dynasties like Sarbedaran, Injuids and Chupanids did not have stability and they entered into decline period after establishment. Many Internal conflict in these monarchies caused that majority of monarchs had not opportunity to create stable and long term government.

Yazd since the Timurid period has witnessed the rise of great historians in the field of local historiography. Local historiography in Yazd has got its roots and grew from local historiography of Fars and simultaneously with the development of a political power that it took place almost for the first time in history the first book of Yazd local historiography was published. At the beginning of the ninth century, the tradition of historiography had grown in Yazd and valuable works of local historiography emerged. These works had all the general features of local histories, but the difference is that their sense of independence has been highlighted and the main focus of the authors of local history was on monuments of Yazd and their builders. However they paid attention to the political history as well. In this study, it has been tried to find the answer to the following questions by using primary sources and analytical and descriptive What were the main reasons for the growth of local historiography of this period? Who were the authors and the readers of those books? The answer seems to be that the political independence and founded a local dynasty had a major role in this regard and support of the political rulers of the authors of these works has provided the development. On the other hand, the economic boom has provided the groundwork for education and many writers have emerged in the field of historical texts and followed by the desire to read the works among the middle class expanded.

The Fame of the Qaznavid Kings in the history of Islam is largely due to the conquests made in India, beginning from Sabuktebin and reaching its culmination during King Mahmood and Mas’oud’s kingdom that continued during the reigns of their successors. This paper deals with how certain new elements along with the early old components were developed, due to the change in political and military conditions of the Qaznavids’ neighbors as well as the riots and rebels and disorders within the Qaznavid kingdom., which made India a vital land contributing to the survival of the Qaznavid dynasty. The article then proceeds to discuss three factors influencing the transformations and developments in Qaznavid monarchs. First, the paper deals with studying the appearance of powerful local dynasties in India and their unifications to get rid of the yolk and domination of the Qaznavids that caused the Qaznavids to start a new wave of attacks and encroachment supon the Indian Muslims. Second, the paper seeks to study the factors that made the Qaznavids to consider India important to conquer, and third, the paper continues to investigate how the Qaznavids had to retreat to India due to the military force of the Saljoughids, the Aqazs and the Quorians and why the territory was considered as their last resort and front and how the Qaznavids were defeated and overthrown by Moezeddin of Qour in 582 LH.