جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "طلحه" در نشریات گروه "تاریخ"

The battle of the DJAMAL was planned shortly after the public allegiance to Amir al-Mu'minin (AS) by two of the treaty breakers, Ṭalḥa and Zubair, accompanied by ʿĀʾisha. The planners of the war chose Basra as the battlefield and the Imam led an army towards Basra. Because the Imam's character was based on conversation, clarification, not to initiate war, and ultimatum before the war, he organized oral and possibly written conversations with the war leaders. Historical narratives differ about the addressee of the letter or the conversation between the Imam and the battle of the DJAMAL belligerents. The conflict between historical sources is whether the imam addressed only Ṭalḥa and Zubair or ʿĀʾisha also has been addressed in the letter or whether a separate letter was written to ʿĀʾisha? A few sources are narrating this letter and the sources quoting a separate letter to ʿĀʾisha are even fewer. The strength of these two letters is that both have been mentioned in some sources of the 3rd century AH and their weakness is the few narrative sources. The present article considered the validity of the two letters and organized the difference in sources as much as possible by using the method of text criticism, which is considered to be new but effective in the field of Ḥadīth research.

The period of the caliphate of Imam Ali (35 to 41 Hegira) witnessed mutual exchange of letters between the opposing sides, as a result of the complicated political situation which the death of Uthman had created. Examining these letters with the aim of recognizing the political behavior of the important figures in that period of time contributes to turning a new page of the research in the field of Islamic history. Identifying the key points, including the stylistic devices used by the authors and the arguments, claims, criticisms, etc. which characterize these letters, on one hand and comparing the letter contents with the political behavior of their authors, on the other hand, can contribute to the achievement of the objectives of this study. Using a descriptive-comparative method, this research seeks through a case study to show to what extent the behaviors of Talha and Zubayr conform with their claims. The results of this study show that there is a fundamental contradiction between their claims and their actions. The claims contained in their letters such as claiming allegiance by force, Imam Ali's involvement in the murder of Uthman and Imam Ali's lacking qualification of being a caliph, which represent their main political slogans, do not correspond with the reports and historical documentary evidence.

A series of incidents started from the middle of Uthman’s Caliphate and ended to his death and also the events of five-year- Caliphate of Ali particularly the battles of Jamal, Saffein, and Nahravan had a major role in the appearance of political and theological views. The issues like blasphemy and faith which was the major concern of people caused the Muslims’ intellectual disputes.This matter made the theological sects mention the diverse opinions related to these battles, the participants and the killed people in them. These views will be investigated in the present article.

Following the killing of ‘Uthman, the most significant factor that brought Imam ‘Ali (‘A) to power was the allegiance pledged to him by the people, an issue that has always been a major point of discussion in the history of early Islam.This paper embarks on a brief and comparative study of how people pledged their allegiance to the Imam using the enormous book of “Nahj ul-Balaghah” and major sources of Islamic history written between the 3rd and 10th centuries A.H. The purpose of this work is to clarify ambiguities in this regard and answer related questions.

In the Battle of Camel the Umayyads accompanied by Om Al-Momenin (the mother of the believers), Talhat ibn Obaydellah and Zubayr ibn àvam fight against Imam Ali, the Muslim caliph in that time. Although in historical and narrative sources it is stated theat àyeshe, Talhe and Zubayr played an important role in the uprising against Othman, but no one has really tried to study and determine how Umayyads joined to the Companions of Camel. This research tries to describe how the Umayyads and the Companions of Camel united together