جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « مرگ ومیر » در نشریات گروه « تاریخ »

Due to its geographical location, Iran has faced many droughts and famines throughout history. One of these cases was the widespread and pervasive drought and famine in the Northern regions of the Persian Gulf between the years 1317 and 1324. Despite several studies in this field, researchers have provided an incomplete picture of this crisis. This research seeks to investigate the reflection of this crisis in the Northern areas of the Persian Gulf, located in the seventh and eighth provinces, in the mentioned period and examine the actions taken against this crisis. This research has been carried out using a descriptive-analytical method and relying on the library sources, archival documents, publications and new local sources. The results show that this crisis has been significantly reflected in the publications of that period, government documents and diaries in the form of reports of severe food shortages, insecurity, widespread deaths and extensive migration. However, referring to the same sources shows that the central government could not play an effective role in controlling this drought and famine due to various factors. In this regard, asking for help from the allies to provide food was not very fruitful. However, in some cases, actions were taken by them. On the other hand, the role of part of the social strata of the areas involved in this crisis has been effective and significant in reducing the suffering of the people.

The growth and prosperity of Tabriz, due to its political centrality and settlement among commercial route, did not last for long time. Besides, accruing of natural disasters, particularly, earthquakes, along with invasion of western neighbors led to the decline of the city. During a three-hundred-year period, eight major earthquakes happened and outbreaks of contagious diseases affected different areas of civil life. Various happenings, especially earthquakes, not only did destruct the city several times, but it also led to widespread death tolls which had some short and long-term social consequences. The present study, by applying descriptive-analytical method, attempts to explain the social consequences of natural disasters, particularly earthquakes, as an independent variable on the social life of the inhabitants; besides, it tries to answer the main question of the paper: What are the social consequences of natural disasters, particularly earthquakes, during the period of Safavid-Qajar rise in Tabriz? It is estimated that physical structure degradation, population decline, psychological problems, social deviations, superstitions, deterioration of living conditions, migration and unwillingness to improve accommodation conditions were the short and long-term consequences of natural disasters.