جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « banking » در نشریات گروه « تاریخ »

Hegemonic and exclusivist presence and activity of foreign banks in Persia, especially British kingdom banks and Russia loan banks continued up to constitutional revolution. The presence of the above mentioned banks in Iran was realized by the continuous and increasing competition of Russia and England in Iran’s economic and political areas. After the victory of constitutional revolution, the first representatives tried to end up the presence of foreign banks in Persia by establishing a Persian bank, but all their attempts failed because of the interventions by Russia and England. By the appearance of Russia revolution in October 1917, the coup in Iran in 1920 and the decrease of foreign pressures on Persian government, new conditions were provided for the establishment of Iranian bank. The establishment of Sepah Bank was a great step that prepared the bases for establishing Iran’s Melli Bank. Since national legislative council had prominent role in the process of establishing the National Bank (Melli Bank), this paper tried to discuss the attempts of national legislative court in the success of establishing Persian National Bank and in this regard, it criticizes and investigates the reaction and performance of national legislative council to foreign banks in Iran by emphasizing on the establishment of National Bank and reliance on the negotiations of national legislative council.

The British relations with the East has been manifested in such various areas as politics, economics, and culture, with its economic ones based on interestretaining, and the elimination of political rivals from power arena, making its overall strategic goals in the Eastin line with this policy. Banking policies in other countries are manifestations of the economic relations of Britain. The present article studies the British banking policy toward Iran and India. It includes, in various aspects, special structural and functional features in the countries of Iran and India. The entire foreign British bank branches have been under Treasury supervision, and Britain hassought the same aims in different lands; therefore, the colonial British banking system in Iran and India remained the same regarding Britain’s overall goals, and the political influence development despite few differences in the issue of banknotes and the number of bank branches.

One of the intellectual Constitutionalists aspirations in the late Qujar era was establishment of national bank of Iran that was sign of modernisation, maybe this aspiration comes from negative role of British and Russian banking in Iran. The plan of national bank establishment was presented in the first Constitutional parliament era. But uncooperative royalty members, ministers and merchants for buying stocks, disappointed delegates. Moreover British and Russian governments disagreement was affected this plan and Mohammad Ali Shah coup d'état stopped it. Suggestion of national bank establishment in Iran has been started about 120 years ago, the Nasereddin shah era. In the beginning, Qujar kings did not know the importance of bank, so they gave up this point to British and Russian citizen. Even the right of note publishing allocated to one British Bank. Present paper reviewing Qujar era financial crises and role of foreign banks in Iran, then process of Iranian banking formation and national bank establishment in 1928