جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « yaniq culture » در نشریات گروه « تاریخ »

Because of the existence of different cultures and the lack of related solid archeological studies in the Iranian Plateau, the Bronze Period is one of the less known periods of prehistory there. One of the cultures attributed to this period is the Kura-Araxes culture, which spread in vast areas of the northwest and west of the Iranian Plateau and some parts of its center. However, the details of the nature of this culture and the quality of its spread in this plateau are not yet available. The conducted archeological investigations confirm the existence of this culture in the central and western parts of the plateau of Iran and the central Zagros region. In the course of the archeological studies carried out in 2007-2008 and 2014 in the west of Markazi Province, nine large residential areas in relation to the Kura-Araxes culture were identified on the banks of Qareh Chai River. These areas include Agh Tappeh, Savarabad Tappeh, Ghal’ah Sarsakhti Tappeh, Chezan Tappeh, Far Tappeh, Shur Tappeh, Do Gol Zard Tappeh, Mazra’eh Khatun Tappeh, and Adineh Masjid Tappeh. The great vastness and height of these areas (particularly Agh Tappeh and Sarsakhti Tappeh) could indicate the existence of different layers of human residence and dense architecture of prehistory there. In this paper, the authors have tried to explore the importance of different forms of human residence in Kura-Araxes during prehistory while clarifying the place of Kura-Araxes culture in the west of Markazi Province as one of the junctions linking the cultures of the center of the Iranian Plateau to Central Zagros.

Tappeh Gourab is located at E 34 ، 13‘، 29. 3 “and N 48 ، 52’، 00. 4”، 1823 meters above sea level and close to the Gourāb Village a Suffragan of Malayer town in Hamadan province، adjacent to the link road Arak-Malayer. The archaeological investigations carried out by Ali Khaksar in 2006 aiming to determine stratigraphy and limit of the site during which remarkable results were achieved. The site has been registered on the National Heritage List with No. 1042 in 1984. Then in 2006 archeological excavations were done. Tappeh Gourab was identified in 1962 and Mehdi Rahbar according to the pottery comparisons، attributed the site to Sassanid era; meanwhile the site was investigated by Mr. Ahmad Kabiri. He believed there are remains of prehistoric periods (mid-4th millennium B. C.) and in the higher floors the 1st millennium potteries are attested. There were also multi-Islamic era potteries of particularly Ilkhanid era on top of the site. Archaeological excavation of the Tappeh Gourab were done in two apart tranches to determine the limit of the cultural deposit area and offering the boundary. Determining the limit of the site، 14 test trenches were excavated in different directions. As a result، the actual dimensions of the site was about 200 × 340 m were identified over the area that represents 8. 3 hectares. Stratifying the site، three tomography trenches were established. The Northeast trench is known as the main stratigraphic trench. The stratigraphic trench in the northeastern part of the site، in an sloppy area close to vertical direction was established with basic dimensions of 2 × 2 m in the northeast - southwest order. The tranche 1 is an step trench and 1. 5 × 1. 5 meter in diameter، placed in front of stratigraphic trench in the northeastern part of the site. Trench 14 is located at the Northern part of the site. It is 1. 50 × 1. 90 m. In three trenches 29. 68 meters of the deposits via 3 trenches were excavated led to discover 53 catalogs، 7 structures، 7 Features and 4 locus. Providing the absolute dating، totally 13 C14 samples have been taken of which 6 samples are from the Yaniq culture deposit and dating of samples was conducted in the laboratory Oxford University. According to the evidences of absolute chronology، pottery and architectural evidences of Tappeh Gourab، 8 cultural periods can be specified: Middle Chalcolithic، Early Bronze Age، Iron III (?) / Achamenid (?)، Parthian، Sassanid، Early Islamic، Seljuk and Ilkhanid. Deposit related to the Early Bronze Age is 5. 80 m without gap from the Middle and Late Chalcolithic. Because of the architectural structures associated with the Iron Age III / Achamenid، the upper part of Early Bronze Age deposits (K 24-36) were disturbed. Yaniq data of Tappeh Gourab is comparable with those from Tappeh Pisa، Godin Tepe، Yaniq Tape، Gol Tepe، Eastern Anatolia، Asvan Kale، South Anatolian Plateau، Mus in Turkey، Sos Hoyuk، Büyüktepe Höyük. Comparing the C14 analysis from Tappeh Gourab and the current dating of Godin Tepe، it seems that some reviews on the dating of Yaniq culture in Central Zagros is necessary.

One of the cultural characteristics of eastern zone at central part of Zagros Range during 3rd millennium BC and at early Bronze Age is the extension of the related habitats to Yaniq Culture (Ancient City near Abhar) in this region. Within field study conducted in 2008 in the plains covering central Zagros eastern side that is situated in Alvan Basin, we managed to identify more than habitats relating to Early Bronze Age. According to analysis done on the data derived from this survey in GIS software environment and by adaption of statistical methods, the relationship between site of habitat and its ecological factors has been assessed. Based on design of this model, we managed to interpret some reason for creation of settlements in this region during Early Bronze Age as well as the existing relationship among the given habitats and archaic routes passed between Iranian Plateau and Mesopotamia at 3rd millienium BC. Using GIS software made it possible for us to identify the reason for many settlement displacements based on archeological evidences at Early Bronze Age so that to describe their settlement models. We can purpose this point, as result of this study, that one may suggest a type of pseudo- nomadic and dry- farming system as economic system for people at Early Broze Age within a limited scale in this region.

One of the cultural characteristics of eastern zone at central part of Zagros Range during 3rd millennium BC and at early Bronze Age is the extension of the related habitats to Yaniq Culture (Ancient City near Abhar) in this region. Within field study conducted in 2008 in the plains covering central Zagros eastern side that is situated in Alvan Basin, we managed to identify more than habitats relating to Early Bronze Age. According to analysis done on the data derived from this survey in GIS software environment and by adaption of statistical methods, the relationship between site of habitat and its ecological factors has been assessed. Based on design of this model, we managed to interpret some reason for creation of settlements in this region during Early Bronze Age as well as the existing relationship among the given habitats and archaic routes passed between Iranian Plateau and Mesopotamia at 3rd millienium BC. Using GIS software made it possible for us to identify the reason for many settlement displacements based on archeological evidences at Early Bronze Age so that to describe their settlement models. We can purpose this point, as result of this study, that one may suggest a type of pseudo- nomadic and dry- farming system as economic system for people at Early Broze Age within a limited scale in this region.