جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « قهوه خانه » در نشریات گروه « تاریخ »

Coffeehouses or cafes have been the main rendezvouses or gathering places over the history. Some studies have dealt with out-of-city cafes, yet the information on them is little. Using the survived documents, this study tried to identify and introduce the main rendezvouses and recreation places of Isfahan in the 1940s. Documentary method was used to investigate a set of documents. After rewriting and analyze them, the stories about the cafes in the studied time and places are restated. The cafes that have been out of Isfahan’s residential area, have been the gathering and recreation places for the residents of the city. Such issues were common in the places as criminal activities, drug use, and alcohol consumption. People’s object to the criminal activities of the places and their request of the Directorate of the city to stop their activities, made the organization to close them. The owners of the places, however, started witting letters and setting complaints, and succeeded to restart their activities after a year.

In every society, according to human necessity and need, centers have been established for rest and leisure. In Iran, too, coffeehouses were built for this purpose from the Safavid era. This place became part of the urban fabric as a public place from then on. The nature of public space requires that people of different occupations and tastes come together in it. Gradually, the relationships between these people became stronger as a result of frequent visits, and they not only influenced each other’s personalities and ways of thinking, but also influenced the course of cultural developments in society. Of course, the presence of desirable people had constructive effects and consequently the presence of undesirable people had adverse effects on the type of behavior and etiquette of the people. Considering that coffeehouses were part of the influential public places in the Qajar era, this paper intends to examine some of the negative functions of coffeehouses by relying on sources and using descriptive-analytical method. Therefore, the main question of the paper is as follows. What negative functions can be attributed to coffeehouses in the Qajar era? The research data shows that coffeehouses were popular and attractive among different social classes in the Qajar era. Therefore, along with their positive functions, they were also a place for various social crimes. Social conflicts, drunkenness, gambling, sodomy and addiction were among the most important abnormalities that occurred in this place. In fact, the presence of undesirable people made coffeehouses a suitable place for all kinds of crimes and behaviors that challenged the moral rules of society.

The coffeehouse painting, a school of oil color narrative painting, was formed in the late Qajar government during the constitution movement by untrained artists in coffeehouses with martial, artistic and religious themes. With the suppression of people’s liberty by such tyrannical government, the constitution revolution led to people’s movement in coffee houses where was made as one of the most important societies in the Qajar era playing a major role in shaping this movement. In the following article, it has been attempted to establish the coffee house as an institution with social and cultural functions in order to strengthen the national and religious spirit of the individuals. The research methodology includes library and field study based on the research of coffeehouse painting, the constitution revolution, and the study of Qajar coffeehouse atmospheres. After having analyzed and adapted the data, the following results are presented: the process of coffeehouse painting in coffee houses during the constitution Revolution was an anti-authoritarian and a critical movement against the Qajar government. Also, the content of the discourse in coffeehouses during the noted regime affected the themes of the paintings with a significant influence on the constitution revolution.

Imam Hussein's uprising (as) is one of the most important events in the history of Islam . This events is one of the pivotal events in the history of Shi'ism and had profound effect on the culture of Iran, including literature and art, specially in Coffeehouse Painting. The purpose of this research is finding direct and indirect effects of Ashura epic in creating the Coffeehouse Paintings. Imam Hussein (AS) and Hazrat Abolfazl (as) and along with them as the true symbol of the Pious and martyrdom -seeking are depicted in the Painting and in contrast armies of enemies of Islam are Presented as immoral elements. Such Paintings of religious and spiritual sanctity and has been Prouduced by the culture of Ashura. The research methodology is description-inter predation, based on library studies and directly or indirectly observations of Coffeehouse paintings.