جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « newspaper » در نشریات گروه « تاریخ »

The intellectual paradigm of the second Pahlavi government was to spread and promote a non-religious lifestyle. The second Pahlavi government sought to change the religious identity and expand the western culture by using all the available capacities and tools, especially by using the press and newspapers such as the daily information and future. This research investigates the promotion of western and non-Islamic lifestyle based on the newspapers of the second Pahlavi period. In this research, a historical research method based on qualitative method and content analysis and using first-hand and library sources has been done. The findings of the research indicate that in the second Pahlavi period, the tendency and desire for western life intensified. The second Pahlavi government consciously and purposefully sought to change people's thinking and lifestyle and tried to promote non-religious lifestyle. Also, the findings of the research show that the second Pahlavi period was the era of the peak of Western thinking in the society, so that all the tools and elements that were under the control and administration of the government promoted the non-religious lifestyle in a coordinated and integrated manner. With the expansion and deepening of the non-religious approach in people's lives, clerics and scholars and religious groups openly opposed and protested the government's plans. Therefore, the issues and events that happened in the course of modernity in the Iranian society affected the lifestyle of the people and pushed them towards a westernized life.

After the constitutional revolution, women in the provinces, as well as in the capital, became involved in social activities such as the founding of schools, associations and newspapers. Women in Fārs and the city of Bushehr (which was part of the province during the Pahlavi period) also followed suit. This research attempts to determine the characteristics of women’s first experiences in journalism and the people involved based on a descriptive-analytical method using archival documents. According to the research findings, Shaukat Salami, one of the leading educated women in Bushehr at the beginning of the Pahlavi period, founded the first school for girls in Bushehr with the help of dignitaries and merchants of the city. Later, she published the Nurafshan newspaper to achieve women’s rights and their participation in political and social activities. Although it was a right-wing newspaper, Nurafshan published articles on women’s demands in all its issues

In the Qajar era, manifestations of the new civilization were first established in the centers of modernity such as Tehran and Tabriz. Despite numerous obstacles, it gradually reached other provinces. From institutions and new manifestations, we can name the school and the newspaper that had a great impact on the social and intellectual transformation of the society. In the city of Zanjan, the manifestations of civilization were created with delay despite the fact that this city is located between the two important centers of Tehran and Tabriz. It was due to the social, political, and cultural creation of Zanjan. However, gradually new institutions impress their influence on Zanjan society among some classes and groups. This issue has not yet been the subject of an independent study and its vacancy is felt in studies on the process of establishing the manifestations of a new civilization in different provinces. In this regard, the present study seeks to examine the establishment of schools with newspapers and newspaper reading and those who try this path by explaining the obstacles, difficulties, effects, and results. According to the research claim, due to the relatively free conditions of the Mozaffari era and the cooperation of the executive elements of the government with the reformists, new manifestations were established in Zanjan and were accompanied by some successes. But the competition of the scholars in form of opposing groups that affected different strata created serious obstacles for new institutions and those interested in new manifestations. This study deals with the issue using a descriptive-explanatory method, relying on original sources, newspapers, and archival and family documents.

Most narratives and analyses about Kayhan and Ettelaa’at newspapers that were published before the Islamic Revolution, consider these newspapers as the explicit criticisms of modernity, however, they criticize parts of the newspapers, for instance, in these newspapers by comparing and contrasting artists such as Forough Farrokhzad with Parvin Etesami and Tahereh Saffarzadeh, cultural dualism was fostered. At the same time, the authors praise the positive dimensions of the newspapers such as moderating extreme Westernization by reviving indigenous identity, re-emphasizing original indigenous values, introducing new approaches in the field of education, and finally, introducing and praising the indigenousness art.

This research on the history of Mirza Muhammad Kalantar Fars, a bourgeois character, is a historian of the Zandian era. His only publication is a work, called the newspaper, which the scholars disagree about its typology. Of course, what has been neglected in the commentaries on this work and its author, and the author seems to be the main source of controversies over the nature of the present work, is that the thought and historical thinking, the methodology and method of historiography, and some of the innovative and progressive political views And the sheriff's social, are not aware. Therefore, in this research, it is attempted to analyze the author's poetic system and his historiography thinking in the light of his political, social and cultural conditions, and his descriptive-analytical methodology and attributes of his historiography should be obtained. . The achievements of this research show that the macroeconomic effect of the axioms, religions, Islam, and moralisticism in the continuation of the tradition of historical historiography and in some ways such as the tendency towards simplification, a critical approach to government and governors, as well as a subjective and individualistic approach to socialism (Authorship) has a new approach that has a different effect in the field of Iranian historiography.