جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "ابژه" در نشریات گروه "ادبیات و زبان ها"

In this research, the mystical experiences of Bayazid Bastami in the narrative of Attar's Tazkira  Al -Awaliya were analyzed with a semiotic-semantic approach in order to explain the mechanism and how the meaning is formed in the text in question. In this discourse, Bayezid is cared for and chosen by God before birth. Then, in the process of development, there is an activism that does not reach the goal during austerities, worships, worldly travels and all the actions that are considered valuable actions in the ontology of Islamic mystics, including Attar as the narrator of the text. The outcome of these actions is being; Unsuccessful outcomes and shortcomings, failures and emotional stress, intense desire versus lack of necessity, and complete denial of what is right eventually cause him to dissolve his sense of self, transcend his limits, and unite with existence and God. The stronger and more intense the desire, the more severe the failure resulting from not being able to be and the more meaningful the emotional tension. A meaning that is full of emotion, perception and presence. The feeling and perception of the narrator, sometimes with an external phenomenon and sometimes by confronting the inner world, leads to the emergence of meaning. Some external experiences are the result of adaptation, reflection and some internal experiences are the result of attraction, co-presence and unity. The mention of Bayezid and his ascension is a mirror of the whole view of what mystics call mystical experience. An unexpected event, a passivity that brings with it an outburst of meaning and enthusiasm of the language. The research method is descriptive-analytical. The theoretical approach of the research is based on the theoretical foundations of semiotic-semantic knowledge in the analysis of mystical experiences. The scope of the research includes re-reading and reflecting on the mystical experiences of Bayazid Bastami in the narrative of Attar's Tazkireh Awaliya, which tries to analyze the formation of meaning in an emotional discourse, between the system of action, tension and excitement.

This research aims to answer the question, to what extent can a real (objective) description of the world be achieved with quantum physics? In other words, how did the concept of nature change in the subatomic world? It seems that the concept of the word "nature" has changed so much from the stories of the past that all of our relationships with nature must be grounded in new principles and redefined.The situation in the macroscopic world (classical Newtonian physics) is quite clear. But the question is, how is our understanding of nature in the microscopic (subatomic) world? With the invention of quantum physics at the beginning of the 20th century, the situation changed completely. According to the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum physics, which was presented by Niels Bohr and Karl Werner Heisenberg, two of the founders of quantum physics, the natural sciences (physics) do more than describe and explain nature. In fact, the natural sciences are part of the confrontation between nature (object) and ourselves (subject). Therefore, our science is part of the human-nature interaction. We should also talk about the profound effect of technology on the relationship between man and nature.When we in the age of quantum physics talk about the image of nature (object) from the point of view of the exact natural sciences, instead of "the image of nature", the topic of conversation is the image of "our relationship with nature", which describes them and "explains" them in mathematical language.

The present research is a rereading of the poem Continuity evolution" from Tahira Saffarzadeh's collection "The Second Office" based on Lacan's psychoanalytical approach. The question in this research is whether the poet (as the subject) in this poem has been able to relate to the desire of desire (the object) The big other (in the symbolic field) replaces the mother (the object of the small other) in the imaginary field and achieves the peace and comfort that he enjoyed in the imaginary field in the mother's safe embrace? Kurdish, has saved the subject from wandering in the symbolic field? The current research method is library based and based on rereading and collecting the data obtained from it. The findings of the research showed that the subject in relation to another big object which he refers to as "Tawaul" He has not achieved the first peace and happiness he enjoyed in his mother's arms. Therefore, at the end of the poem, he continues toHe has mentioned his confusion and confusion (in the symbolic field) after connecting. 

Semiotics, in a transformational process, moves from object-oriented semiotics to subject-oriented and then toward phenomenology, resulting in the formation of a relation in accordance with the challenge or adaptation among the subject, the object, and the world. In so doing, it influences objects and subjects. As a result of the object-subject entanglement, meaning is transferred from one to the other. Objects interact with or challenge each other in an inter-objective context, affecting the performance and cultural and social behavior of human subjects and determining the type of their interactions. In fact, with its legitimizing and authoritarian aspect, the object could reestablish or collapse the subject's presence. This article tries to understand how and through which features and discourses this process is completed. The present research investigates two central questions: what are the fundamental qualities and requirements in the transition from the sign system to the object system and its discourse functions in Golshiri's Shazde Ehtejab and what are the positions of the object’s semantic process and its role in the presence of the subject. The main goal of this article is to examine the transition from a sign system to an object system, its establishment, and its semantic processes. The result shows that in the transitional process from the sign system to the object system, the objects find an authoritarian, prosthetic, spatial, active, representational, ironic, referential, cultural, historical, and legitimizing position.

Objectivity is one of the main and most important concepts in Nima Yooshij poetic theory. Some critics have found his poems completely objective, meanwhile they consider some of his poems subjective, thus it seems that his theory and poetry are contradicted. Some other critics have given a different definition to this concept by incorrectly attributing it to other components of his theory and poetry. By taking Nima's views in to consideration and also paying attention to the historical course of these concepts in his poetry, it is clear that the basis of Nima's thinking and approach is dialectical and according to the views of philosophers such as Hegel and Marx, he has identified subject and object. And finally, without distorting the principle of objectivism he has overcome the contradiction between the two in favor of objectivity; thus he himself becomes a part of that objectivity. In other words, what has misled critics in facing these concepts is the fact that they did not understand this dialectical opposition. Paying attention to Nima's dialectical structure is very useful in understanding and analyzing his poems. In this article, in addition to outlining his approach in this area, some of the mistakes and problems of the critics in dealing with his poetry have been solved by criticizing four poems of him.

The issue of the present article is based on the hypothesis that objects with a universe of their own can play a role in various functions of a Subject, Between the subject and object, phenomenological, prosthetic, and physical form. Based on this, the main question is where is the position of the object in the social relations? And how can the object, based on which discursive functions, take the perspective of the subject and the narrator and, by structuring its action sequences, even organize communication between subject and object? In fact, the main purpose of the present research is to explain the role of the object in the inter-sign, between object and social events in terms of semiotics based on the narration of the Golshiri's Khaneh-Roshanān. The examination of the semiotics of the object in the Khaneh-Roshanān indicates the improvement of the object's objective position to the level of the subject-actor and the role of activism and subjectivity in the context of the activities between the subject and the social. The Khaneh-Roshanān is based on a non-linear narrative and is one of the few works in which the subject assumes the duty of narration and evaluates everything from his point of view. In fact, in this work, an object with roles and functions between subject and objects takes the pulse of narration and takes place on the basis of social actions in a perceptual-sensory interactivity with other subjects, and thus leads to the position A subject-actor is promoted.

To explain how lie functions as prosthesis, first we need to define prosthesis and its function in the domain of discourse. According to Eco's theory of prosthesis and its function in discourse, We show that lie as a discourse has common characteristics with prosthesis. This article examines how discourse functions as prosthesis and as a result lie as a prosthesis makes the exit of discourse out of its mainstream and creates an event and imaginary space which is meta-action. According to the above mentioned matters, these two hypotheses will be studied; discourse with the use of lie changes horizontal system of story to vertical system and as a result, the action plan change into a meta-action one. This survey has been done in three folk tales; the crow and fox, boy who cried wolf and the milk seller girl and milk jug.

Psychoanalytic criticism is one of the most widly used approaches in contemporary literary theory. Using this approach in reading literary works can help in the exploration of their deep layers. This article draws on the major notions in Lacanian psychoanalysis, and traces them in Ahmad Shamlou’s well-known poem “Death of the Nazarene”. To do so, first the Lacanian psychoanalytic framework, which includes concepts like the Imaginary order, the Symbolic order, the Real order, object petit a, and the big Other, will be explained. These concepts will, then, be applied to Shamlou’s “Death of the Nazarene” in order to reveal complex layers and present relevant arguments. Jesus was born in Nazareth and, therefore, Shamlou calls him “the Nazarene”. He is a man who, extending his mercy, wants to save the society by orienting it toward the big Other. This characteristic occurs in the Symbolic, but mercy and love usually do not happen after the imaginary world. This study offers a textual analysis for a better understnading of the poem’s implied and hidden layers.

L'étude de la raison d'être des images iraniennes dans la conscience imaginante de Nicolas Bouvier, lauteur et le poète du XXe siècle, qui tente de mettre en explicite les images figées et les stéréotypes persans, nous permet de noter que la nouveauté et la fraîcheur qui relèvent de la souplesse de l'âme persane, ayant toujours la capacité de senvoler jusqu'à lextrémité et à linfini, fascine lauteur-voyageur étudié et le pousse à se mettre en harmonie avec la conscience de lAutre et découvrir ainsi son véritable Cogito et son être-au-monde. Par son imagination avec une couche de connaissance, Bouvier concrétise en outre, toute abstraction du pays cible, jusqu'à sunir à elle. Cette harmonie correspond bien à lharmonie et à la jonction que Bouvier trouve entre tous les éléments persans et oriente vers le paradis et le bonheur. Car remplir une existence par le regard, lui donne loccasion de confronter les représentations de la culture sujet et de la culture objet et de se connaître ainsi dans le miroir dun pays étranger. C’est donc une étude imagologique sur l’œuvre de Nicolas Bouvier que nous avons essayé d’aborder dans le cadre de cet article.

Epistemology is the branch of philosophy known – by modern Europe - as hermeneutics dealing with textual relations in a context of signs. In order to interpret a text, the critic may appeal to epistemology to distinguish objects and subjects in a text.Based on the epistemological approach, the present study first examines the theoretical origins of the idea of womanhood and then, drawing on an epistemological diagram, deals comparatively with the subjective and objective elements in the works of some Persian poetesses from the beginning of Constitutionalism until recent decade in Iran.