جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "تابعه" در نشریات گروه "ادبیات و زبان ها"

Determining the origin of poetry has always been one of the oldest issues of literary criticism. This debate began firstly in Greece where, based on existing sources, Plato and Aristotle presented their theories about it. It has also been taken into consideration in the Arab literature. During Jāhilīyah period, the Arabs believed in "subsidiary"(Tābi'ah). This belief also existed in Ancient Persia, and it remains intact even after the arrival of Islam into Iran. Moreover, it is also reflected in the poetry of mystics, in a way that the mystic poets' references to this issue can be divided in two categories of intermediate and immediate inspirations. The poets also tended to religious personalities, using Gabriel and other characters instead of inspiring Satan for instant, in choosing subsidiaries (Tābi'ahs),with regard to the social context of Persian literature and the influence of religious thoughts in Iranian society. The contrast between poetry and sharia has always been influential in choosing religious figures as inspiration for poetry in Islamic period; however, mystic poets did not believe in just spiritual nature of poetry and considered their own efforts important to compose poems. Their point of view about the attempting scope of the poetry can be explored through a careful focusing on the verbs they have used in their poems.

For sure it is not easy to compose a poem and a poet without having internal motivation, enthusiasm and inspiration would not be able to versify poems. According to modern psychology and literary criticism, the source of this inspiration and sensation is the poet`s unconscious memory; nevertheless the ancients believed that other creatures from another world inspire the poems to the poets. The Greek called the goddesses  of art, poem and music,musae.and Arabs called these goddesses Tabe’e and old Iranian addressed them with the following names:Sorush  ,daena and fravhar.Since the first Persian poets who versified in Farsi language were acquainted with Arab literature and poetry and also composed in that language too, from very beginning days of ancient Persian dialect - farsi dari- a kind of  belief to Tabe’e was founded in Persian poetry. ‘Am’aq Bukharayi had never explicitly mentioned anything about Tabe’e,but  the trace of Tabe’e is completely perceptible in his verses and each moment is appeared in a way; sometimes it is the zephyr of the lover`s hair sometimes it is the dream of the lover and other time it is the messenger of the luck. this Tabe’e goes to the poet at night and wakes him up and the poet from the tongue of this Tabe’e starts versifying a poem until the end. Later on this style is used by Anvari considering little changes.