جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « متغیر زبانی » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

Abstract Language is a social phenomenon and coincided with the first human communities. Sociolinguistics analyzes the issues which are related to the relationship between the language and the community. The literature of sociolinguistics consists of plenty of studies about linguistic varieties which are correlated with social variables. In comparison to written form of language the variations in speech are more perceivable and some social variables such as gender, age, education and social class and situation cause these variations. In the present study, the authors examine the phonological changes in the Turkish dialect of Qazvin, according to the effects of social variables, such as age,and gender. The authors have used interview method and sample of population to evaluate the correlation between phonological changes and social variables. The findings of this study suggest that the age has the maximum impact and gender has the minimum impact on phonological changes in this dialect.

Language is a social phenomenon، which emersion goes back to the emersion of the first human societies. Such a phenomenon is the same as a human inclination، owned by society which is formed in accordance with societies’ social and historical evolution. The sociolinguistics studies has already indicated that the infrastructure and application of the language is inseparable from the social factors such as gender، age، education، tribal bias، social levels، etc. Meanwhile، the study of urban dialectology considers as a part of sociolinguistics، which has been ignored regarding to scientists’ intention toward rural dialects. Rural dialectology is basically founded on comparative philology، therefore cities which were faced a huge emigration from variety of regions have lost their philological values. However، the focus on philology is changed in the recent studies and the study of urban areas drew the attentions toward itself. In this paper، the author''s focus is on the lexical changes in Gorgan’s urban society، regarding to three social factors: age، gender and education. In the other words، the paper mainstream is on the correlation between lexical changes and social variables which is assessed by using the field method، asking randomly from the statistical society. The results of the research has shown that the age is the major factor of lexical changes in Gorgan and other variables، gender and education، stand at the second and third position respectively. The age variable also plays a significant role in phonological changes in the mentioned language society. All in all، it seems that age is the most important changing factor in the Gorgan language society، which considers as a warning about the gradual death of the dialect.

This study concerns the relationship between social variables such as sex, age, and education and linguistic (homophonic) variables of the Persian language in the Nahbandani Dialect. The linguistic variables in the speech of 24 very young, young, and old speakers of the dialect were identified. The results of the study showed that level of education, as a social variable, did not reduce the use of nonstandard forms, but distinguished literate old participants from the illiterate ones. Moreover, men’s speech was found to be closer to the standard speech. In cases where women’s speech tended to be closer to the standard dialect, the difference between men’s and women’s speech was insignificant and the role of age was not distinctive. The increase in the age of the adolescents having literate parents and literate adults correlated with the increase in the use of standard linguistic forms. In adolescent groups, sex turned out to be an insignificant factor in half of the linguistic variables under study.