جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "نثر مصنوع و متکلف" در نشریات گروه "ادبیات و زبان ها"

The magic of proximity has been a crucial and determining factor in examining the linguistic and rhetorical impacts on the intellectual perspective of Iranians throughout history. This rhetorical technique is so powerful that it has sometimes influenced the historical and cultural destiny of Iranians. The impact of the magic of proximity occurs through foregrounding at the level of speech. Throughout the literary history of Iran, authors have always tried to persuade their audience by relying on this influential factor. The gateway to texts is their titles; hence, this foregrounding is intensely evident in the titles of works, especially in artistic prose. This study, using a descriptive-analytical method, demonstrates the magic of proximity in nineteen titles of artistic and ornate prose. The theoretical basis of the present study is the theories discussed in Kurosh Safavi’s book From Linguistics to Literature, which considers literariness as a result of rule-making and balance in the surface structure of language. This rule-making and balance lead to the magic of proximity in the titles of works, which, besides creating beauty, encourage readers to study the works through auditory and visual pleasure and ultimately lead to a sense of persuasion in the audience.

Tārikh-e Vassāf is one of the artificial and technical texts in Persian language whose scholarly author has taken advantage of most of his contemporary sciences in its composition. As a result, terminologies from sciences like philosophy, logic, jurisdiction, medicine, astrology, geography, versification, rhetoric, etc. have granted this historical context a special feature, thus serving the author’s use of figures of speech. The author’s special look at the four elements indicates the very characteristic of the book. The altars love of the four elements led him to devise the first plan of the book based on four volumes, though later he added a fifth volume. This study attempts to extract, criticize, and analyze instances of employing the four elements from the five volumes in a descriptive-analytical manner and review the positive and negative aspects of using the elements within the text. The present study revealed that the obligation to the application of the four elements has caused several features to appear in this work, the most important of which include reinforcement of the text imaginary elements, taking advantage of most grammatical and syntactic capacities of Persian language along with the application of the mentioned elements, formation of miscellaneous words, terms and compounds, expanding the scope of Persian language vocabulary, and eventually creating literary terms with the help of the elements. Besides these characteristics, obligation to use of four elements throughout the text has occasionally led to the formation of loose compounds, grammatical anomalies, and extreme use of figures of speech in the text.

The main subject of the present study is morality and moral issues in Nasavi’s Nafsat-al- Masdur. Attempts have been made to touch on moral themes and origins of theoretical aspects of moral-educational teachings of Zeydari Nasavi, and to recognise the writer’s viewpoint towards issues such as justice, bravery, honesty, trusteeship, fear, hypocrisy, and lie. The relationship between Nasavi’s moral theory, which has quenched with The Qur’an and Islamic tradition like many other writers and his contemporary literary scholars, and the situation with which the writer is dealt the Mongolian invasion has been sought for in this study. The results show that Nasavi, in reporting his own personal affairs has functioned as a reporter of historic events at the Mongolian era unintentionally and has evolved the literary type of autobiography from a personal level to the human level. He has mourned for the death of virtue and praised for those little shades of good deeds by a few of his contemporaries.