جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « jamshid khanian » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

One of the important dimensions in psychology is the personality dimension of humans. Many theorists have studied in this field and presented many theories. One of these theorists is Erik Erikson. According to him, people"s personality develops widely and widely in social interaction at different stages, and at every stage of life and the formation of his personality, a person is placed in an accumulation of individual, social effort and special psychological orientation; Therefore, the theory of "eight stages of human life" has been drawn. Jamshid Khanian, playwright, critic and literary researcher and contemporary storyteller in the field of children and teenagers, has been very successful in the field of story characterization. For this reason, the authors of the present study try to analyze the characters of Jamshid Khanian"s story based on Erikson"s model.

 The method used is descriptive-analytical and based on library studies

 Examining the characters in Jamshid Khanian"s children"s and adolescent stories introduces us to the different layers of Erikson"s personality theory. All eight stages of Erikson"s theory have been seen in the characters of Jamshid Khanian"s children"s and adolescent stories, but the most frequent stage of development in Khanian"s works is the stage of adolescence and adulthood, where the sense of responsibility; strong feelings and emotions; desire to win and succeed; showing off and attracting the attention of others; Identity Crisis; Establishing close interpersonal relationships is one of the most obvious characteristics of the stage of adolescence and childbearing and raising the generation; acceptable; Giving importance to others and sometimes feeling inferior and ineffective is the most important feature of adulthood.
Examining Erikson"s theory on individuals Jamshid Khanian"s stories introduce us to the mental and psychological and even physical characteristics of different age groups, especially children and teenagers.
Jamshid Khanian has tried to present appropriate role models to children and teenagers with conscious characterization and play a significant role in the development of this age group.

 Based on the obtained results, all eight stages of Erikson"s theory can be seen in the characters of Jamshid Khanian"s stories of children and teenagers, and studying his stories helps us to better understand and recognize the characteristics and spirits of the people in the story, especially children and teenagers.

Intertextuality as one of the methods in art criticism has been considered in recent years. For this critical approach, which seeks to examine the effects of texts on each other, various methods have been identified, the most important of which can be seen in the views of Bakhtin, Kristeva, Barthes, Genette and Rifatter. Gerard Genette, meanwhile, has carefully described the various types of intertextuality, namely "Arch textuality", "Paratextuality", "metatextuality" and "hyper textuality". Jamshid Khanian is one of the well-known writers of children and adolescent literature who pays special attention to the choice of subject and narrative methods. For this reason, his works are always considered by critics and audiences. He has researched the relationship between cinema and literature, and in choosing the subject, theme and characters of some of his novels, he has been influenced by selected works of Iranian and world cinema. This descriptive-analytical study seeks to examine the intertextual relationship between the two novels "The Dwarf Emperor of Lilliput Land" and "Edson Arants Donasimento and His Himalayan Rabbit" and two world-famous works entitled " The fabulous destiny of Amelie Poulain " and " Inglorious Basterds ". The results show that there is a relationship between Khanian's novels and the mentioned films in terms of selecting the main and sub-characters and their actions, narrative methods, elements and objects. A relationship that can be evaluated under the two types of "Arch textuality" and "hyper textuality".

The main purpose of this research is to analyze the concept of subjectivity with a problematic approach and to examine its relationship with the critique and theory of child and adolescent literature. Consciousness and action considered as the main features of subjectivity. Thought and act consciously in dialogue with other, requires the assumption of two sides in this regard. I versus you. In interaction of these dualities, one dominates another, and this conquest occurs in a hidden way. Thus, while the consciousness of both sides, because of the accumulation and interaction of their consciousness together, improves, on the other hand, they find a constructed identity, and the weaker side is conquered by dominant discourse hegemony. so, defeated one does not actually think, but it is thought, however, he thinks he is free, he is only chooses among available options. The key concept in understanding of this relationship, is “intersubjectivity” which this paper use Bakhtin’s approach to this term. Intersubjectivity emphasizes the process of this relationship and suggests moving from being to existence in a “useful negotiation”. Attention to the concept of subjectivity and intersubjectivity, has been very challenging in recent years. Since no research has been found about these concepts in Iran, this article deals with it. The main question is how can we improve the relationship between dualities and achive to an intersubjective relationship? At the end, this article, attempt to analyze the duality of the writer and hero, and the process of intersubjectivity between them in Jamshid Khanian’s new book to illustrate the effectiveness of these discussions in the critique of children literature. It seems Khanian have been able to empower his subjects by consciousness and action to create reality within an intersubjective negotiation.

The Night that Cricket Won’t Sing, written by Jamshid Khanian, is one of the most outstanding works in the field of teen novel that has attracted the attention of many critics and readers. Since language is the author's main tool for creating literary texts, in this research, language of the novel is studied at three lexical, syntactic, and rhetorical levels to identify its fundamental characteristics. Among the most important linguistic features of this novel are: high frequency of verbs implying movement, sudden transformation of the structure of past verbs, dominance of the tense features of standard language on its spoken form, high frequency of short sentences, changing of sentence clauses, repetition of some sentences, melodious language, contrast (the most prominent figure of the work), description, imagery (the most numerous and most revealing figure), symbolization and adaptation. Focusing on these features and their details show that many of them have positive effects on the overall structure of the novel and have influenced the development of various elements of the story (subject, theme, personality, space, etc.). These features imply the author's attention to the importance of language in improving the quality of the work in order to transfer ideas better. and can be one of the factors of various critics’ attraction to the repetitious story of war and the selection of this novel in several festivals.

Literature of resistance in a specific meaning is one of the literary genres that is kind of new in Iran with many stories and novels in which the author has employed allegory and symbol to express himself and create his work. Symbol and allegory include something vague, unknown or hidden from us known as a code in the new era and stylistic criticism of a work that can even include an author's style. Layered stylistics, which is a modern method of stylistics, considers situational context as the macro layer, fragmenting the text into micro layers. Then, exploring those layers, it searches the features and frequent traits, ultimately leading to the discovery of ideology.
In this descriptive-content analysis study, first, according to the situational context, the novel of Romances of Jonah in the belly of the whale byJamshid Khanian, an allegorical work in the literature of resistance, was fragmented into lexical, syntactic and rhetorical micro layers, and then analyzed stylistically.The findings suggest that the ideology of the author lies in the syntactic layer since this is an allegorical story and allegory usually reflects in the syntactic layer. Presenting a perfect example, the author introduces the journey from an earthly love to the heavenly love as the best type of love; then, employing the code and allegory, makes the audience interprete and think, creating an allegorical style for his novel

The Beautiful Heart of Babur written by Jamshid Khanian is a meta-story in which the writer has tried to use a new form of narration, avoiding the traditional ones simultaneously. In a meta-story, narrator thinks about the methods of narration. One of the other peculiarities of a meta-story is being skillful in using intertextuality. The relation between a text with other text or texts is termed intertextuality. The main technique of Khanian in this story, in addition to explaining the development of the story, is the use of intertextual elements as well as creating conversations, by using known stories for children and teenagers, especially Little Prince of Antoine de Saint-Exupery. Referring to well-known texts in the story of Beautiful Heart if Babur helps to develop the process of narration, forming elements of the story, and inspiring meanings, thus making them acceptable. The views of teenagers who are the audience of this story show that they can relate to this kind of story-writing.