جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « tazkereh » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

Nasir Khusraw is one of the great and influential figures in the history, culture, and literature of Iran. But because of his political and ideological activity in the dominant religion, some have sometimes deliberately ignored him, and beyond that, some have sometimes insulted him the worst. Nevertheless, the Iranian literary friend taste has always praised the eloquence of his poems, regardless of the religion of the poet, and some of those poems have been remembered and preserved over the centuries. This article intends to examine and analyze the extent and manner of his presence in the long-term written memory of Iranians by collecting any mention of Nasir Khusraw's name from the time after his life until the year 1000 AH. This research has been done by a descriptive-analytical method. According to the findings of this study, there are three different approaches to Nasir Khusraw in the texts: he is often referred to as ugly in the Islamic sectology texts. In some texts, regardless of ideological point of view, his poems are praised and his life is discussed, and the approach of some texts to his character is more mythical than real. The hostile mention of Nasir Khusraw's name has diminished since the military and propaganda activities of the Ismaili sect declined, and Nasir Khusrow's image has changed from a religious preacher to a Sufi that has miracles.

Masnavi of Sadeghi Beg Afshar (1017-940 AD) is one of the epic-historical works that has been considered by some of the most important historians and biographers of this era; However, due to Sadeghi"s reputation in painting and art, this work has received less attention in the later period. The present paper has tried to introduce this work and also to determine its significant stylistic frequencies.

This study was conducted using descriptive-analytical method.

Influenced by Shahnameh and to some extent Eskandarnameh, Sadeghi Beyg has tried to use all musical instruments that create poetry, including external, internal, lateral, etc. music, and along with lexical compositions, far from constructive Fake - as well as the meaningful use of important elements of expression such as simile, irony, etc., to illustrate how Shah Abbas gained power and the heroism of him and his troops until the conquest of Herat.

The owner of Fathnameh, due to his special position as the head of the royal library of Shah Abbas Safavid, provides a direct account of some of the developments of this period, which is definitely important from a historical point of view.

Chahar Maghaleh or Majmaol Navader contains anecdotes, some of which are not found in any former sources. After Chahar Maghaleh, many books have mentioned anecdotes. Each text is somehow related to the texts before and after it in terms of whether the connection is direct or indirect, conscious or unconscious, and limited or unlimited. Understanding such connections helps us to better understand the text through its sources. ‘Dialogue and intertextuality’ is a theory examining the relationship between texts and works before and after them. Dialogue deals with the relationship between all systems of language, writing, image, etc., according to the social nature of human beings. Man's interest in history and the experience of the past for a better life is based on the intertextual characteristic. The present study examines the memoirs of the ninth century AH to determine the relationship among six biographies and Chahar Maghaleh. For this purpose, first, six ninth-century AH biographies were examined. The related memoirs were Majmal Fassihi, Tazkereh al-Shoara, Baharestan, and Roza al-Safa. Then the commonalities between them and Chahar Maghaleh in the fields of vocabulary/words, phrases or sentences, events, time, and places were examined. Among the ninth-century memoirs, four were related to Chahar Maghaleh in the areas under discussion, especially events.

Today, the significance of literary Tazkerehs, especially those which are original and old and have extraliterary advantages, is obvious and irrefutable. Nafayes al- Ma’aser is the oldest Persian literary Tazkereh written about the era of Timurids of India. Thus, it includes very authentic information about the poets of such era in Iran and India as well as history of India in Akbar Shah period. Also, there is valuable poetic evidence in this book adding to other values of such work. Kami Qazvini, the author of this book, was from the outstanding and knowledgeable family of Sadat Hassani of Qazvin who immigrated to India due to religious pressures and became one of the men of letters in Akbar Shah’s court. His work was neglected by his contemporaries, strangely to the extent that it was unknown to many Tazkereh writers after him. Of course, there were a few people who used this work covertly or overtly but did not value him and his work as much as they deserved. This article aims to introduce this work and its prominent features as well as to analyze its sources and information and the writers who were influenced by him.

‘Arafat al-‘Ashegin va ‘Arasat al-‘Arefin is one of the most important ancient Persian literary Tazkerehs and is considered as the most complete work in its genre. There are two published versions of this valuable work that the latter version is more scientific and correct than the former one. However، there are numerous mistakes in such detailed version due to the defection of manuscripts and distortions by scribes and the presence of various assistants. Since some of such issues relate to the method of correction and nature of the work، while criticizing the work of correctors، the author has allocated a general discussion to the pathology of publishing Tazkerehs with regard to the features of this genre.