جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « دنیای مطلوب » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

This analytical-descriptive study aimed to determine the behavioral pattern of two prominent characters in the story of Fereydoun and Zahhak after clarifying the relationship between basic human needs and the process of developing myths while relying on the educational function of myths and Glasser’s choice theory. The scale for the real world and the favorable world is in the context of ancient Iranian thought and epic characteristics, which can be recited by a narrator. Zahhak is the pattern of characters who have ineffective and irresponsible behavior to balance the images of the favorable world and what they perceive. Accepting the killing of his father and then self-indulgence and self-praise of Zahhak are two back wheels of emotion and physiology in behavior machine. Therefore, he has received a saddening message and his cycle of behavior continues for supplying the need for power. In addition, he is deprived of a meaningful and emotional relationship. On the other hand, Fereydoun is the pattern of characters who have more effective and responsible behavior after receiving a saddening message while maintaining its meaningful and emotional relationship with others to meet his need for power with the help of others. Moreover, his behavior is the domination of two front wheels (i.e., thought and action) over the other two components .The comparison and conflict of the perceptual world, the favorable world and choosing the behavior of these two while considering four cognitive, interpersonal, personal and emotional realms determine the ability of the educational role of the story.

According to William Glasser's choice theory, a "Quality World" is a set of images about life that man has in mind for a good life; these images represent the world in which he/she aspires to live. They are similar to those portrayed by Muslim mystics through the interpretation of the holy books and personal discovery and intuition. The present article, by using descriptive-analytical method, attempts to study the views of Ayn al-Quzat Hamadani and Ruzbehan Baqli about "Quality World" based on Glasser's choice theory. In the mystical literary discourse, the "Quality World" is important because the mystics, by drawing a picture of their ideal world, have led their followers to an accessible world; however, sometimes their ideal world is an abstract and inaccessible one. They depict their lived experiences in metaphorical language and interpret a surreal world in their realist texts. Ayn al-Quzat Hamadani and Ruzbehan Baqli describe the "Quality World" with terms such as "divine majesty", "Face of God", "archangelic world", "the garden of eternity" and "eternal world"; in this world, the connection with the Almighty and the annihilation of God is realized. These two mystics change the mental images of people by using a variety of descriptive methods and lead them to a qauality world - albeit an abstract one - in which inherent desires, such as calmness and meaningfulness of life, prevail.