جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Alternation » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

In letter 53 of Nahjul Balaghah, syntactical and semantic coherence between various grammars is noticeable. Since Nahjul Balaghah is a literary, social, cultural, and political text, it drives the reader to seek meaning in it. Hence, the authors used grammatical voices in this letter which reveal syntactical constructions, since grammatical voices are examined in verbs. In the meantime, alternation is part of a verb’s descriptive situation that is focused attention and hence creates a changing meaning in two seemingly-similar syntactical constructions. Using the descriptive-analytical method and also credible Internet sources, and reference to library methods, it was concluded active/middle alternation, which saw the highest frequency when matched with the verbs of the letter 53. Marked alternation in active/middle voices by rating participants’ roles in the present situation had the highest frequency..

In Role and Reference Grammar (RRG), based on stativity, telicity, and punctuality, verbs are classified into six classes named state, activity, achievement, accomplishment, semelfactive, and active-accomplishment. The predicates in these classes can take one, two, or three argument(s) according to the number of participants involved in an event as well as the argument structure of the verb. Three-place predicates need three distinct arguments and they exhibit some abstract or concrete transition or movement in their conceptual structure. The argument in three-place predicates, undergoing alternation, can appear in more than one syntactic format; that is to say, in unmarked structures, direct object is ‘râ’-marked and the indirect object is accompanied by a preposition. This is while in marked or alternate form, the preposition is deleted and the non-macrorole argument receives the role of direct object. In Persian, like many other languages, the frequency of three-place predicates, in comparison with one and two-place predicates, is low, but knowing their behavior is significant for better applying them in related contexts. Employing framework of RRG, this paper, aims to investigate alternation in three-place predicates of Aktionsart in Persian. The data are collected from various web sites, newspapers, books, and also daily conversations. Data analysis shows that state verbs do not undergo alternation; This is mainly because common characteristics of state verbs are their non-action nature and being low transitive or intransitive. Most verbs in this class need one or two argument(s) and low number of three-place predicates in this class, shows no alternation due to stativity and low transitivity. Motion active-accomplishment verbs, however, are more prone to alternation; concrete transition from an actor to a recipient is common among these verbs. Some three-place predicates in achievement class, have alternation; while alternation in accomplishment class, leads mostly to ungrammatical structure. Generally speaking, alternation in three-place predicates is the result of marked selection of the recipient, and is mostly observed in motion active-accomplishment verbs; the reason is non-stativity and high transitivity of this subclass in comparison to other verb classes.       

The main purpose of stylistics is to examine the defamiliarization phenomena and express its aesthetics in a literary text. Thus, the present article has tried to study the Sura "AL-Hashr" in terms of stylistics and in two layers of "vocal" and “syntax”. in the voice layer, the character form of the letters with the aim of linking its phrasal attributes with the semantic text of the verse and also phoneme “A” and diction as normative phenomena have been investigated. but in the syntactic layer, some linguistic phenomena, such as: alternation and different types of it, different types of rhetorical restriction, inversion anastrophe and apostrophe. The conclusion of this research suggests that the Holy Quran selected for each image letters corresponding to it. in the syntactic layer, the most important reason for the use of "alternation" is, in addition to semantic inclusion, an brachylogy in the interpretation.

This article is investigated and analyzed one of the deviation linguistic phenomena in the Quran, Means " phenomenon of alternation " from the perspective of stylistics and has stated the effect of linguistic context and position in the diagnosis and interpretation of the phenomenon of alternation, through the expression of deep cycle types and meanings associated with it.Therefore, the main purpose of this article is to analyze the emergence of the phenomenon of alternation and its variants and thus discover the hidden meanings that can be reached with the help of contexts. In this way, select holy surat AL-Anaam and after we consider its verses as well as several reading about it has become clear to us that the phenomenon of alternation high frequency alternation in the surat, so that the its high frequency in the surat and its escape of the rules of syntax and rhetoric Has made this phenomenon has become a way of style in Surat, So that The result of comparisons show that the alternation in verbs especially the verbs that placed within meaning other verbs the highest frequency is the frequency in comparison with other types of alternation and also became clear that the linguistic context, which in this article through the words of former and late effects has contributed to the emergence of the phenomenon of alternation, and situational context helps us why is the word come rather than the word.

The Quran has been distinguished with its style which is dedicated to it and another method does not equal with it Such that distinguished with its inspiration words and its favorite combinations and sentences that the Quran has given a new meaning to it, Such that gives to the word something does not give to another word and applies combination for a sense then switches to hire another compound in another place So that, position requires new meanings that can not be changed. most of the time, we find that the Quran exit of typical form of the word and uses techniques out of linguistic criteria , techniques is different with different meanings and "alternation" is one of the most important techniques of deviation. The concept of alternation is one of the important linguistic phenomena and its main goal has been hidden in the production of new meanings through deviating from the Linguistic norm. The alternation ,this means that word or phrase to be replaced instead of another word while like it and led to the its meaning and will be replaced it in context. the concept of alternation has become a stylistic phenomenon in the Quran, for the reason of its high frequency in bible verses. the Holy Quran benefited with this linguistic techniques to achieve two objectives at the same time: semantic aspect- the extent of the means- and stylistic diversity and this is the most clear stylistic characteristic of the Quran. therefore, we have examined this concept in holy surat " AL- Aaraf " based on the descriptive and comparative method. we have analyzed features a variety of alternation in the verbs- known as connotation- and nouns and concubine and sentence so that, it is recognized for us that the alternation in the verbs or connotation occupied more space compared with the other three species. and also has determined that its existence between two words- successor and main- and more communication is based on the synonyms and necessary. it also has been determined that context- Language or location- is one of the main pillars to find alternate and other meanings that there is in the chosen word or phrase.

In this paper we explain morphophonemic alternation of a verb - “take”- in Shahmirzadi, joining the inflectional or derivational affix such as [bQ,nQ,vQ,hA].These alternations can be explained through synchronic and diachronic approaches. The theoretical framework chosen for the study is the rule-based linear model)SPE). Sixty five (65) Shahmirzadi verbs have been chosen and twenty five (25) male and female native speakers from Shahmirzad have been interviewed. The interviews have been fully transcribed leading to a corpus and finding phonological process for the mentioned verb. Alternations, specifying underlying representation, rule formulation, assessing the rules with phonological derivations and interaction of rules is the procedure. The study has resulted in the following contributions: 1-/ï/ Gliding1, Syncope /i/, /r/ Deletion, 2- [i] Insertion, /ï/ Gliding2 and /r/ Deletion in which the first one is a synchronic and the second is a diachronic approach. Finally, we considered advantages and disadvantages of each approach. Shahmirzadi, with complicated phonological rules which are distinct from Persian, is a language.

The study of some words in Saravi variety of Mazandarani dialect and their comparison with Persian equivalent reveals that there is alternation between /v/ and /b/. The main goal of this research is the study of this alternation and to find the substructure of that. This article is a Field work in which a list of current words was firstly prepared, Then their exact pronunciation according to the native speaker’s speech was recorded, the words were transcribed phonologically and compared with its standard and also pahlavi counterparts. The main conclusion resulted from this comparison reveals that glide /w/ is the underlying form and it has changed to the phoneme /v/and/b/ by fortition.