جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « expansion » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

Speech production is associated with two characteristics: "condensation" and "expansion". condensation is one of the most-used industries in the Qur'an, which is one of the most-used industries in the Qur'an. transmitting this verbal technique to the target language will not convey the message contained in the original text and will make it difficult for the recipient to receive the message. Because of this, the present article intends to examine the verses of Surah Anfal and Tawbah with the divine translation of Ghomshei and Rezaei Isfahani and to test the translators' performance in translating compact positions. For this purpose, 6 items of compression positions were selected, which are: 1. Concepts and terms 2. Explanation of general word 3. Expression of personal references 4. Explanation of relative pronoun 5. Paying attention to the context of verse 6. Expanding the compression resulting from the allusions. Finally, after reviewing the samples, it was found that translators have used most of the reference cataphoric to expand. It should also be noted that the strategy of extension in Ghomshei translation is higher than other translators, and Rezaei has used this strategy with caution. Yet, with an interpretive view of translation, Ghomshei does not distinguish between translation and interpretation, and with a lot of elaboration in unnecessary cases, has caused the audience to stay away from the main content of the speech

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between language and image in the advertisements of Persian language magazines in the framework of Unsworth’s (2006) model. In this qualitative-based research, the library method is used. The authors used Unsworth’s (2006) theory to analyze the data and used 100 advertisements in Persian-language magazines to do so. The data were randomly selected from advertisements published Persian magazines such as Green Family (Khanevade Sabz), Family (Khanevade), Days of Life (Rouzhaye Zendegi), Photo (Aks), Farm (Mazrae), Film, Spike (Sonbole) and Second (Saniye) in 2019. The data were then analyzed based on Unsworth’s (2006) model to investigate the relationship between image language in the meaning structure. The findings showed that the relationship of expansion has many applications and from the sub-categories of expansion current relations and complementarity are more than the relationship of expansion in these advertisements. This study also showed that the use of language-image relations according to Unsworth’s model of the meaning of thinking on advertising and taking into account the interests of individuals and the growing progress of society, is very suitable to motivate audiences and this model can be used to analyze magazines.

Discourse analysis is one of the interdisciplinary trends in linguistics, sociology, anthropology, psychology, and so on. This tendency has two main perspectives: first, it evaluates the formation of meaning and message in relation to the intricacies (including the physiological and structural aspects of language) and, in the second perspective, examines the exogenous factors (the relationship between language and all external features that include the knowledge of sociology, culture, etc.) Discourses are considered as the open language of power relations, and since language teaching concepts are also manifestations of cultural power, the authors of this paper have sought to criticize the concepts of second language teaching based on the second view of discourse analysis. The most important findings show that in meaning-based approaches, the reliance is on common prominent figures, for example, between Iran and Turkmenistan (Abu Saeed Abul-Khair, Abulfazl Sarakhsi, ...), Iran and Uzbekistan (Rudaki Samarghandi, Amir Ali Shirnava’i, Attar Neishabouri, and ...). Community-based approaches identify target communities by examining linguistic geography to transform communicative potentiality to communicative action. A culture-based approach which identifies common roots in literature, art, and language, and the obvious examples of which are the customs of Nowruz celebrations, Welcoming Spring and Seven Sin between Iran and its neighbors such as Azerbaijan, Pakistan, Turkmenistan and ..., refers to the creation of common cultural themes for the teaching of language learners. The psychology-based approach deals with the use of mystical literature, as well as its link with the concepts of participatory learning such as improvement of attitude in Hafez poetry and self-esteem in Saeb.

The attributes of God are divided into two categories of Jamal (Beauty) and Jalal (Glory), which include God's Grace and Wrath, respectively. The manifestation of each of these attributes in the mystic's heart creates traces in his mind, speech, and behavior. This article deals with the explanation of these traces in the mystic and their significance, hierarchy and order, their preconditions and results, and terminologies used in relation to each of them in the writings of Roozbehan Baqli. The purpose of this article is to help the reader understand the mystical disposition of the great sixth century mystic Roozbehan Baqli. In this research, library data collection method and descriptive-analytical method were used. Providing Ruzbahan's definitions and analysis of Fear and Hope, Contraction and Expansion, Awe and Accustom, the expression of hierarchy and their order, the terminologies that Roozhbehan brought about with these states and positions, and the importance of each of these to him are some innovations in this research. In the viewpoint of this great mystic, Fear is necessary at the beginning of the path for the mystic, but then he can achieve God at the Hope stage. Roozhbehan states that the Contraction and Expansion are steps after Fear and Hope, and Awe and Accustom come after the Contraction and Expansion. He divides the Contraction into three types, and states that Accustom is the mystic's position at the stage of observing Beauty. Terminologies used by Roozbehan about Glory attributes are Wrath, Fear, Contraction, Awe, and Eternity (without beginning); and attributes of Beauty are Grace, Hope, Expansion, Accustom, Eternity (without end), Observation, and Love.

Halliday’s Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) has stood the test of time as a model of text analysis. The present literature contains a plethora of studies that while taking the ‘clause’ as a unit of analysis have put into investigation the metafunctions in research articles of a single field of study or those of various fields in comparison. Although ‘clause complex’ is another unit of SF analysis, by far there has been only one study on research articles where it was the unit of analysis (Sellami Baklouti, 2011). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to put into analysis the ‘taxis’, ‘expansion’ and ‘projection’ deployed in Applied Linguistics research article abstracts (RAAs) by native (N) and non-native (NN) writers. To this end, 20 Applied Linguistics RAAs (10 by N English writers and 10 by NN English writers on the sub-fields of Discourse Analysis and Language Assessment) were analyzed according to Halliday & Matthiessen’s (2013) ‘clause complex’ framework. The results indicated that there is a significant difference in the use of ‘projection’ by Ns and NNs, while the distribution of ‘taxis’ and ‘expansion’ is the same. The findings also showed what types of ‘taxis’, ‘expansion’ and ‘projection’ were deployed by Ns and NNs.

Translation is the transmission of one linguistic system into another، on all linguistic and metalinguistic levels. The same process is true in the translation of The Holly Qur’an، which is regarded as God''s word and carries the most prominent message for mankind’s guidance. As a consequence، in the translation of The Holy Qur’an no linguistic or metalinguistic level should be distorted. To investigate such instances، two Surahs (translated by three translators: one by a Muslim Shiite، another by a Muslim Sunni and the last one by a Christian translator) have been selected to be evaluated on the level of discursive constraints using Hatim and Mason''s (1990) framework of discourse analysis. The results of the analysis showed that most limitations imposed on translation were at the level of transitivity، and the least imposed discursive limitations were at lexical cohesion level. It can also be concluded that if the translator is well aware of Qur’anic language and its rhetorical content، he can preserve the formal properties of each verse and therefore become only confined to semantic expansion، reduction and recurrence. As such، he can be more successful in his rendering with fewer limitations.

The purpose of the present study was to explore the impact of task-based translation teaching on the development of translation competence (TC). To do so، in the first phase of the study، a questionnaire of translation competence acquisition (TCA) was developed and validated for the Iranian context using Cronbach’s coefficient alpha and Confirmatory Factor Analysis as assessed by LISREL 8. 8 and SPSS 16. In the second phase، two main types of translation tasks، i. e. technical tasks، and textual tasks، were selected and applied on the participants of two experimental groups. At the beginning and at the end of the treatment، both experimental groups received the TC questionnaire. The statistical analysis of the data revealed that there was a strong statistical difference between the mean score of TC in pretest and posttest. Also، considering TC components in Expansion and Semantic group (ESG)، there was a considerable and statistically meaningful increase from pretest to posttest. Likewise، as for all TC components in Generic Texts group (GT)، there was a substantial and statistically meaningful raise from pretest to posttest. Finally، all TC components were compared individually in both ESG and GT groups to find out in which group the increase of TC components were statistically meaningful. The results showed that bilingual and instrumental sub-components had more significant growth in ESG group، while the other four components grew predominantly in GT group.

The modern dominant approach to translation is that which aims at intelligibility of the meaning and normality of the style in the translated text. Many translation theorists maintain that a translator should attempt to produce a target text which is clear and understandable in meaning, normal in style , and natural in language. To attain this goal , one is allowed and sometimes obliged , to make some adjustments such as expansion and reduction in the process of transfer according to the linguistic norms of the receptor language . However, in translating a highly sensitive religious text like the Quran, the accuracy of the meaning conveyed in the translated text is of primary importance, since it is the source text which is considered as the main criterion in evaluating the translation . Therefore, no translator is allowed to sacrifice accuracy of the meaning for the sake of intelligibility and naturalness in the translation, nor is it legitimate to make the meaning unintelligible or distorted by producing a target text which is awkward andunnatural . What on should do is to produce a translation natural in language, intelligible and accurate in meaning.