جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « infinitive » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

One of the basic concepts in semantics is prepositions and conjunctions, and due to stylistic differences in the texts of different periods, they have undergone many changes and have been used with different meanings. Familiarity with the meanings of these letters and their various uses has an important role in the accessibility and eloquence of ancient Persian texts. Prepositions and conjunctions are widely used, which in some cases have different functions. Some of them are just prepositions, another group is conjunctions, some of them have been used in various uses as prepositions and adjectives, adverbs and prefixes of verbs, which are determined by the context and meaning of the sentence. The present article examines the various concepts and meanings of these letters using a descriptive-analytical method. The results of this study confirm that these letters have multiple semantic networks. Including the letters "Az", ba", "ta", ... Also, the use of simple prepositions and simple conjunctions has been much more widespread in this text, and compound and conjunctive prepositions have been used to a limited extent. The relative frequency of simple suffixes accounts for 51% of the total text. The simple conjunction "to" has the highest frequency, repeated 256 times. Doing so will solve some of the problems in understanding it.

Behdini dialect is one of the central dialects of Iran also known as Dari or Gavruni. This dialect has two varieties, Yazdi and Kermani, which in contrast to many similarities, have some differences. There seems to be many loan words and religious terms from Avestan and Middle Persian in this dialect. In the present research, the verbal system in Behdini dialect of Kerman has been studied. Using questionnaire and indirect elicitation techniques the data has been gathered and recorded, analyzed and studied. Sentences for each verb has been gathered in order to show an example for the use of the verb. The results show that the main important characteristic of the verbal system in this dialect is that it has retained ergativity in the past tense of verbs. Also, there are some special characteristics for the structures of present and past stems and the infinitive is made using the suffix “-mon”.

The cases of enna and anna are telling examples of the normative tradition in Arabic syntax. Grammarians believe that enna and anna are both emphatic. According to them, anna can be infinitive, too, and enna is never used infinitively. The main purpose of this article is to show that enna can be used infinitively as well as emphatically and anna is not emphatic but appears at the beginning of a nominal sentence, changing it to an infinitivized sentence. For the sake of clarity for readers, this article explains the conditions of fat'h anna and kasr enna, when they are obligatory and when they are just allowed or being optional. This, very well, shows the prescriptiveness of the traditional Arabic grammars. The article pivots around two points: the first is the reasons that enna is emphatic, and the second is that the claim that enna is never used infinitively is not true. The article uses the descriptive style of Arabic syntax, which stresses the description of language not the application syntactic prescriptions or the close relationship between sounds and meaning. The article proves that there is no justification for anna to be used emphatically and there is no obstacle for enna occasionally used infinitively in the middle of sentences. The article deals with an important point that it is not important whether or not changing to infinitive is possible; what is important is the position of the sentences with enna and the meaning which comes to the mind.