business ecosystem

This study reviews and compares knowledge, innovation, and business ecosystems, highlighting their similarities, differences, and interactions. The knowledge ecosystem emphasizes knowledge production and exchange through collaboration between universities, research institutions, and companies. The innovation ecosystem focuses on creating shared value by developing and commercializing innovations, involving a network of companies and institutions. The business ecosystem centers around creating economic value through dynamic competition, often structured around a central company or platform. A systematic literature review using bibliometric and content analysis was conducted to analyze existing studies. The findings reveal that while these ecosystems have distinct objectives and structures, they share overlaps that facilitate synergy and stronger interconnections. Such interactions enhance productivity and efficiency and contribute to sustainable economic growth and innovation. This study presents a comparative framework that can serve as a guide for researchers and policymakers in shaping inter-ecosystem interactions.

Despite the high cultural and economic capacity of the animation industry and merchandizing,these industries have been neglected in our country.So that the activists in these areas have always faced many challenges and problems. In this study,the business ecosystem design of cultural industries (from characterization to merchandizing)has been considered as a policy to solve the problems of the country's animation industry and,consequently,to exploit its cultural and economic capacities. In this qualitative research with the thematic analysis strategy and by interviewing 23 experts in related fields,the mentioned ecosystem was counted with emphasis on animation industry and three selected industries for merchandizing(Stationery,clothing and toys).In the final model,ecosystem institutions were divided into "supporting and facilitating institutions" and "operational institutions". In the end,in addition to advising the government to strengthen the union system,play the role of facilitator and continuously reduce the presence in the operational sectors,the creation of various institutions to complete the ecosystem and its optimal performance was proposed.