جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "pandemic" در نشریات گروه "علوم سیاسی"

The emergence of Covid-19 has proven the ineffectiveness of the security-oriented state structure. Given the short-term effects of this crisis, it is imperative that governments change their global security debates and policies on infectious diseases for the future. With the emergence of Covid-19, the reexamination of the relationship between pandemics and global security has become more serious, forcing countries to rethink the scope and concept of national and international security. Based on this, the main question of this article is to answer the question by focusing on Iran, what effect did the pandemic have on the role of governments in the field of national and international security, especially in the era of Covid-19? The research method in this study is descriptive-analytical and library and internet information gathering tool. Based on the theory of human security and Bozan's theory, it can be argued that there are non-military and non-violent threats such as pandemics for the individual's existence, which should be included in the discussions related to national security in Iran along with traditional threats and focus on ordinary people instead of the government. Based on the findings of the research, Iranian statesmen should consider the field of national security beyond the traditional defense-war model and be more responsive to human security and ensure the security of their citizens against all threats.

The World Health Organization was founded in 1948, but its history goes back to the middle of the 19th century. The basis of this background was the need to fight against epidemics that are beyond the borders of countries. However, the financial and technical opportunities needed to achieve their goals and the cooperation of the member countries were not always at the optimal level and are not. Experience has shown that half of the financial resources include voluntary contributions for specific programs, but the organization refuses to formulate a binding legal rule regarding them, however, it is observed that the member countries due to In the conditions of the epidemic of Covid-19, they act according to the guidelines and guidelines of the World Health Organization. It should be noted that despite all the problems and some mistakes, the organization managed this process correctly with the experience it gained from previous epidemics. However, time will tell whether the World Health Organization and member states can make reforms regarding the structure and how to adapt their regulations to the new global order in the field of health.

Covid 19 threatens all aspects of the world community. It is not yet clear to what extent it can affects the international system. Therefore, the present article, in order to understand the consequences of this epidemic on international political economy, intends to answer the question of how the Covid 19 pandemic has affected the pillars of institutional order in the field of international political economy? In order to answer this question, the hypothesis has been tested is that the Covid 19 pandemic, by disrupting the flows of production, trade and international capital, has the prospect of shifting the position of the great economic powers in these areas and widening the North-South divide. The findings of the article show that the position of the great powers in the post-corona world economic order depends on their ability to effectively deal with these disorders and take advantage of new opportunities resulting from the disruption of the current order. East Asian economies, especially China, are moving in this direction. Hence, the post-Corona world can be considered a step forward for the global economic order to become more Asian and Chinese.

The purpose of this research was to study the managerial performance of world sports organizations in the corona virus crisis and exploit superior experiences for the future similar situations. For this, a comparative study method was used. This research sought to answer the question of how the sport organizations acted during the pandemic in Iran and other countries. The study population was public and private sports organizations of the top 20 countries in the field of sports industry in addition to Iran (N = 21) whose performance during the pandemic era was published in the world media. For this purpose, all relevant news and reports published in the world news agencies were analyzed. All collected data were categorized, and interpreted using George Brady's four-step model. The results showed that the performance of sports organizations was divided into two general parts: a) activities related to sports and b) activities related to social responsibility of organizations. The findings showed that there were similarities and differences between countries in the performance of their sports organizations. Meanwhile, Iranian sports organizations did not perform well in most aspects of support activities compared to other countries, so in the future, the managers of these organizations need to use the world experience in crisis management and develop flexible and responsive planning to deal with future crises. In this regard, managers need to put the possibility of training their staff to deal with future crises on their agenda.

The present study aims to investigate the role of the source state in the pandemic of the Corona virus within the framework of the principle of responsibility of states. The main question of the article is: how can the behavior of the government of origin in the Corona crisis be subject to international law? The hypothesis that arises from this question is that the Chinese government's non-transparent approach and irresponsible behavior at various stages of the coronavirus outbreak, including informing the World Health Organization, blames the government in terms of the rule of government responsibility. The findings of the study show that the source government, especially in relation to international health regulations, has not fulfilled its obligations and has not timely notified the organization of developments related to the corona outbreak. Accordingly, it has violated the issue of Corona from the perspective of international law, which could lead to fines and compensation for this country. The theoretical framework of the present article is the principle of state responsibility and the theory of compensation in the doctrine of international law and the method used in it is descriptive-analytical and based on the study of existing data and their interpretation.

The present study seeks to research the future and draw a vision for new approaches that are independent of physical presence, in the processes of design and participation, based on the abilities of children in the use of digital social networks.

Documentary and library methods were used to identify the common tools of participation, their characteristics and the way they are used, and to examine the opinions of experts about the role of cyberspace in the lives of children in the present century. A descriptive survey method was used to study and analyze the experience of children using social networks in the pandemic era. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire and the sample size is 384 children and 384 parents according to Cochran's formula. Inferential statistics and SPSS25 software and one-sample t-test were used to analyze the data and validate the findings.

Digital mass communication leads to the development of the effectiveness of traditional methods of participation because children are able to use social networks, communicate with software faster than adults, interested in commenting and participating in group discussions based on virtual networks and the use of image language and the use of these networks is not limited to the pandemic era.

Mapping the future of partnerships with children based on the use of "online participation platforms", while opening new perspectives in the fields of partnership, design, programming and artificial intelligence, has led to improving the efficiency of participatory processes. It also provides a platform for children to make more comprehensive and thoughtful statements about issues related to them.

Management of issues is the conflict between national actions influenced by nationalist demands and collective actions resulting from convergent efforts.. With the emergence of the Corona Pandem in early 2020, how to manage it nationally and internationally has become an important issue that includes a range of national and international actions. How international pandemic management has a fundamental impact on the post-Corona international order. Meanwhile, analyzes based on exciting changes with no historical perspective downplay the interconnected elements of the international system and imagine fundamental change, but it is still a question of what happened and what exactly.Changed, very vague and vague. The question here is: What pattern does the International Pandemic Management follow, and what will the post-Corona international order look like? In response, it can be said that although in the early stages of the Pandemic Crisis Management, nationalist demands have been overcome and convergent efforts at the regional and international levels have been seriously questioned, it seems that action is needed in the long run. Such convergences and the softening of nationalism for global governance have such issues.

Coronavirus pandemic is a phenomenon that has affected the entire world. Different nations have adopted different methods to confront this pandemic, for the pandemic (whether of coronavirus or any other virus) is not merely a biological phenomenon, but it is essentially a cultural phenomenon with political, economic, social and international dimensions. But, usually what occurs to mind in confronting a pandemic is that viruses are biological phenomena with mere medical solutions. The objective of this present paper is to explain the outbreak of covid-19 pandemic as a cultural-political-economic phenomenon in Iran and also offer some solutions. The confrontation of Iranian nation-state with this phenomenon was studied within the framework of the Attribution Theory. The findings of the research show that the confrontation of the Iranian nation-state with this virus has been influenced by the cultural-political-economic characteristics of Iran. Also the findings show that “external attribution” by the Iranian nation-state cannot be a suitable solution to confront this deadly phenomenon. Confrontation with this virus requires an integrative approach based on the features of Iranian culture by the Iranian nation-state, not as a mere biological phenomenon but as a biological-cultural-political-psychological-economic phenomenon.

The world is in the grip of a crisis that stands unprecedented in living memory. The COVID-19 pandemic is urgent, global in scale, and massive in impacts. Following Harold D. Lasswell’s approach to offer insights into unfolding phenomena in political science, this paper uses the lessons of the policy sciences literature to understand the dynamics of COVID-19. In this research, using observation as the research tool, some methods are used according which it is identified that scientific and technical expertise, emotions, and narratives and messaging influence policy decisions and shape relationships among citizens, organizations, and governments. In addition, varied processes of adaptation and change, including learning, surges in policy responses, changes in networks (locally and globally), implementing and managing policies across trans-boundary issues, and assessing policy success and failure are discussed. The results show that identifying understudied aspects of the political sciences and policy sciences deserve more attention in the pandemic’s aftermath.

With the outbreak of coronary heart disease and then its epidemic crisis, news about this viral disease became the headlines of the world media and became an important topic of the day. Until the 21st century, when a wave of diseases with similar characteristics, such as "SARS", "swine flu" and "Morse" spread to parts of the world, there was no understanding of such issues. International law, as the governing law of the international community, has the task of establishing rules for the regulation of cross-border relations between political units, but the old definitions of this branch of law had lost their comprehensiveness due to the expansion of the scope of subjects and their subjects. In the new works of international law, criteria have been proposed for the appointment of new obligors, but so far no criteria have been stated for its emerging subjects; This is the subject of our discussion in this study because it seems that the corona virus reaching the pandemic stage has made this possible. Basically, this incident showed us that we need to set rules beyond the sovereignty of countries that in cases like this, are considered mandatory not only for countries, but for all actors on the international stage; As we have seen in the treatment of issues such as "human rights" and "environmental rights".