جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « سیاست های مهاجرتی » در نشریات گروه « علوم سیاسی »

The growing number and population of immigrants, especially after the Second World War, made different administrations pay special attention to immigration, its outcomes, and relevant policies. Meanwhile, the immigration policies of the United States of America have been much more dynamic and serious than those of other countries. These policies have consistently held special importance to every administration and political party in the US. In fact, the immigration policies of the US have historically been subject to change induced by both domestic and international conditions, incidents, events, and overarching national goals. Among the factors affecting the immigration policies of the US are the end of the Cold War, the September 11th attacks, the 2007–2008 financial crisis, the competitive atmosphere of the international system, and the shift away from a unipolar order. This study aims to address the following question: how effective is the administration’s affiliated party in changing immigration policies and laws? For this purpose, a qualitative-comparative approach was adopted in this paper to analyze the security and economic factors underlying immigration policies in the four elected administrations of Clinton, Bush, Obama, and Trump. The paper also aims to identify the similarities and differences in their approaches and the changes made to immigration laws and policies during their respective tenures. According to the research findings, the immigration policies of the US are not solely affected by the affiliated party. Rather, factors such as security and economic considerations are involved in shaping these policies.

As two neighboring countries, Iran and Afghanistan are affected by each other's political-security, economic and cultural-social developments. The large-scale migration of Afghans to Iran began in the early 1980s due to the Soviet invasion. The first generations of Afghan immigrants were generally concerned about security, survival, work, and daily life, but the new immigrants have more social, scientific, cultural, political, and social concerns. In this regard, an increase in their willingness to educate can be observed. Anyway, these people experience challenges in their own lives and have opportunities as well. The current research seeks to study the challenges and opportunities of Afghan educated people living in Iran. The theoretical lens used has been constructivism. To achieve this goal, the grounded theory method has been used. Using the purposive sampling method, interviews were conducted with 27 Afghan-educated people living in Iran and 22 experts on issues related to Afghan immigrants. The findings show that Afghan educated people face socio-cultural challenges (educational limitations, the experience of humiliation and insult, living with a fear of being powerless, and a negative image), economic (occupational limitations, economic weakness, investment limitations), and political-security (structural discrimination, instability of policies, inefficient laws and polarization of immigrants). On the other hand, In contrast, they have opportunities Including social- cultural (Educational benefit, cultural commonality, self-governing schools, and creation of coordination networks), economic (Iran's welfare level and benefits from defined jobs), and political-security (Iran's security and the opportunity to become a refugee). These challenges and opportunities should be explained in the context of political developments and the Iranian immigration policy system, which is a multi-layered phenomenon.

The United States is an immigration-based country. In fact, unlike countries that have a historical background, this country is based on the migration of Europeans who migrated to this land from their homeland for various political, cultural, social, and economic reasons, and as a result, President Obama's executive action may document millions of immigrants. Not help in the long run to avoid deportation and create permanent life in the United States. Unfortunately, the cost of achieving this correction is very high. DACA was perhaps the most important executive action. A large group of legal experts led by Hiroshi Motomura has played a key role in demonstrating to the government how the legal authority of a program like DACA is to the government. In addition, Senator Marco Rubio unwittingly contributed to the entire effort by signaling to Latin voters that they do not have to bet anything on Obama. Maybe DACA won the election for Obama and created a new interest in the GOP value for Latino voters. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical. The study seeks to provide an appropriate answer to the question, "How do Obama's immigration policies affect US national security?" 9/11 seems to have had a significant impact on US domestic and foreign policy. The study examines the impact of Obama's immigration policies on US national security.