جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Imperialism » در نشریات گروه « علوم سیاسی »

The study of the factors that affect the political development of countries, such as the positive and negative effects of imperialism and domination by colonial countries, can be very important for other political structures to model. For this purpose, after retelling the theoretical issues related to the domination and colonialism of European countries in countries like India, we will discuss the signs and factors of India's political development and the positive and negative effects of imperialism on it. This research tries to investigate this issue by using descriptive-analytical research method and library information collection method. Some of the obtained results indicate that the role of imperialism in the political development of India is multifaceted and while expanding some concepts such as democracy, political weaknesses based on traditions are still observed. In general, by relying on their long-standing political traditions, they have been able to organize a successful model of combining tradition and modernity in the process of shaping the power structure and the process of formulating a unique model of political development based on their native characteristics.

Among scholars of Irish culture, literature and politics, Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot is a multimodal apparatus; the significance of the use of the concept of anticipation and waiting is twofold: on the one hand, it is a reminder of the national effort to discard intellectual exploitation and to re-imagine the national identity after the revolution and independence of Ireland in 1921 and to dismantle the yoke of British colonialism after 800 years. And on the other, it signifies the continuation of political stagnation, cultural paralysis, and the expansion of the broad lord-servant policy along the internal regulations of the provisional and independent government, from 1922 to early 1950. This article analyzes the logic of anticipation and waiting as a structural feature of colonialism in the direction of exploiting nations, and examines the determining role of the concept of opacity in removing the structure of colonialism, and ultimately achieving the independence of the Irish. Opacity, according to this article, appears as a cultural veil that stands between the structure of colonial subjugation, and the risk of the formation and rise of an internal colonial context. The seemingly mistaken result of opacity is cultural disunity and individual self-referentialism; however, as this article explores these categories are initiatives that coalesce into an understanding of independence and the destruction of the colonial structure.

The present research gives an answer to the following fundamental question: How could the ontological view of the security of the Islamic Republic of Iran affect the definition of Iran’s strategic depth? To answer the question, we should first study the foundations of the ontological security of Iran with a focus on the Iranian Constitution and (as a corollary) the views of Imam Khomeini and Ayatollah Khamenei. We then consider the impact of this ontological security on the foreign policy of Iran in general, and its strategic depth in particular. The results indicate that the ontological identity and security of Iran includes the following principles: priority of its Islamic dimension over its Iranian dimension; enmity of Israel; enmity of the US; anti-colonialism and non-committal to the great powers; the significance of Palestine for the Islamic world and the importance of the Axis of Resistance. These characteristics of the identity of the Islamic Republic result in ontological and physical security threats from the US, Israel, and the regional powers that are allied with them. As a consequence, Iran devises its strategic depth to counter these threats. It goes without saying that the military threats arising from these identity contradictions remarkably contribute to the formation of this strategic depth and the spheres of influence. The Islamic Republic prioritizes identity issues, and according to religious and ideological principles, under vital circumstances, this identity security is prior to physical security. To fulfill its ontological and physical security, the Islamic Republic of Iran pursues the deepening of its strategic depth. At present, it does so with the aim of inhibiting and countering the threats of its actual regional enemy; that is, Israel.

Globalization is a phenomenon that has shown itself in various fields of economy, politics, culture, etc., and has influenced all countries in some way after the Second World War. The international economic regime in the form of the World Bank, the international nuclear regime in the form of the Atomic Energy Agency are among the institutions that were included in the globalization. Among these, one of the most important international regimes is the human rights regime. However, different and sometimes conflicting consequences for the traditional governance of countries, including c. A. Iran has followed. Based on this, the main question of the research is, what is the ratio and consequence or consequences of the universality of human rights for the Islamic Republic as an independent sovereign? The results of the research showed that the universality of human rights, as an influential force, has fundamental effects on various political, security, social and cultural dimensions. A. Iran has left a mark. The research method in this study is qualitative, descriptive and analytical, and the data was collected in a library manner using a questionnaire.

Colonialism to advance its political and economic goals not only acts through coercive domination, but also adopts intellectual and cultural methods to turn its domination into hegemonic domination; That is, by producing meaning, it shows the relations of power as natural and rational, and in this way, it stabilizes the mentioned relations. The main issue in this article is how the United States culturally colonizes Iraq, and answering the question of what concepts the American media uses to deepen this issue and turn its dominance in Iraq into a hegemonic one. In this article, using the method of semiotic research and qualitative content analysis, the main sections of the four American Facebook pages (US Embassy in Baghdad, US Agency for International Development, Radio Sawa Media Campaign and Young Iraqi Young Leaders Exchange Program) created for the Iraqi audience were studied. It was further shown that the United States reproduced its colonialism in these pages by representing concepts such as: strengthening the public sphere, building democracy, strengthening the role of women, paying attention to minorities, and similar issues for the Iraqi audience and exercises cultural domination in the Iraqi society.

sahabi،s perception on the causes and factors of undevelopment & national development on iran This article attempts to study and analyz the Ezatollah sahabi،s perception on the causes and factors and way out of undevelopment of iran through political economic vision. This article is based on the idea that he is affected In the field of theoretical teachings of Friedrich List and from Practical aspect the experience of the Mossadegh government non-oil economy. In his opinion, In the world based on colonialism and looting for "Iran" no choice except to move in the direction National Development along with the development of "nation-state "national bourgeoisie" and reliance on domestic capital and strengthening Patriotism at the same monitoring Government institutions. therefore, the expansion and strengthening of democracy and public freedoms inseparable part National Development Project. Native and Independent development Consider Sahabi is Independent process from international capital and relies on efficient and developor government, national bourgeoisie and Civil Society Is based on the productive capacity of foundation and Industrial and Creative and productive work culture

 The Tunisian revolution in late 2010 was one of the most important shifts in the Middle East in the 21st century. In addition to influencing Tunisia domestic politics, it has also affected the Middle East. However, the hallmark of the Tunisian revolution and subsequent developments has been the existence of large-scale discourses that have sometimes conflicted. In this regard, considering the importance of the subject of this research, it has been tried to answer the central question of what major discourses have dominated the Tunisian revolution. In parallel with this question, the research aims to test the hypothesis the Tunisian revolution was influenced by the two processes of globalization and Islamism, the two discourses of democracy and Islamism dominated as the two dominant discourses on the Tunisian revolution. In addition to depicting the dominant discourses based on the post-revolutionary context, the findings also indicate that Tunisia shifts are moving towards a Tunisian identity that ultimately seeks to establish itself within a national state. The research method is descriptive and analytical and the data collection method is based on library and internet search.

Since the France Great Revolution (1789) until now, relation between states and nations has become increasingly important and expanding. These relations base on political and legal framework as well as specific concept are separable. If we want to highlight two concepts or key-terms in relations between states and societies from the 19th century until now; they are IMPERIALISM and DEVELOPMENT. The division of states in the arena of international relations in 19th century until now is based on concepts of indicators of imperialism & development. This article is trying to rely on these two concepts and hereby analyzes the relations and positions between states and societies in the history bed of international relations. This analysis is against to one-sided debates that are thoroughly with negative, contentious and based on unilateral view (including Marxists and leftist to European nationalism and capitalism) which considers the opposite side as the factor of evil and depravity and in return ideologically but not scientifically analyzes the history and the relations between states and societies.

An aspect of globalization is the hegemony of some of the values ​​that the West and especially the United States have been seeking to expand after World War II. This globalization approach seeks to establish a system based on a series of liberal values, and the political, economic, and cultural order is promoted in line with Western interpretations. For this reason, the challenge of conflicting interpretations of global values ​​seems to be one of the most important challenges of the present era. The main question of this article is how can we find a theoretical pathway to overcome the challenge of conflicting interpretations of global concepts and values? Accordingly, in the present paper, we first try to find out the challenges of the so-called global values, then we will show that there is no guarantee of execution for global values. The solution presented in this paper is the design of an epistemic basis for dealing with conflicting interpretations and an agreement on global concepts and values ​​based on critical (relief) hermeneutics. The hypothesis of this paper is that by adopting a hermeneutic method based on continuous communication actions, rethinking and interpersonal perceptions, understandings and agreements, this approach can serve the interests of other perspectives Including, inter alia, Iran and the West, and, albeit in relative terms, lead them from the continuation of the everlasting legacy of history to reconciliation and liberation.

This study, by using the documentary/library method to collect information and historical method and with the aim of explaining the root of soft influence and overthrowing in Iranian history and Content creation around this topic, attempts to response this question: “what are the process influence and its vanguard in contemporary politics and government of Iran?” Therefore, in the first step, there has been investigated the conceptual framework of "process influence" in Iran's politics and government through the combined pathway of two concepts of "influence" and "social events" and the presentation of the schematic model of the relationship between these two concepts in the formation of the concept of "process influence". Then, in this study, the process influence in Iran during Qajar period has been analyzed by emphasizing the origin of this kind of influence during that time. According to above question, the findings of the current study has shown that such process influence has been started firstly by political/social events associated to the great powers of Qajar Period particularly England under the doctrine of Freemasonry followed by the next generations of dependency; the beginning of the network influence were provided by three pillars "insight, tendency and action" of the process, using implicit concepts beyond the boundaries in the sphere of Iranian politics and government.
It should be noted that the writers of the current article have used the documentary/library method to collect information and they have answered the above question using the historical

This paper is going to focus on the topic of the issuance of revolution and its modeling role of the Islamic Revolution, so answer to the question: “which are the most important components in the modeling of the Islamic Revolution for the countries of the world?” To answer this question, first of all, it is necessary to explain, base on the perspectives of Ayatollah Khamenei, some concept such as the anti-Islamic Revolution concepts (arrogance), the strategic depth of the Islamic Revolution, the anti-imperialism, the oppressed (the audience of the Islamic Revolution). After explaining these basic concepts, we will focus on three areas of modeling that should be studied as issuing of the Islamic Revolution, with the focus on them, the fields of issuing and increasing the influence of the revolution would be clear. The Islamic Revolution, with its components such as the Islamic identity model, the model of imperialism denying and a powerful Iran, can be influential by the role of creating a political system of example for other countries in the world. By focusing on these three components, this article tries to focus on the particulars of these issues in detail. In this research, the data foundation's method has been used to refine and retrieve texts and lectures of the leader of the revolution; however, at the same time, we have tried by finding solutions and using strategies such as elite interviews and keyword searches, to overcome the disadvantages and shortcomings of this method. We have also tried to read the entire lectures and the great statement of his, to design a unshakable structure and conceptual design of the subject of the research.

Zbigniew Kazimierz Szczecinski, known as “Brzezinski”, who was the national security advisor of Jimmy Carter, President of the United States, at the time of the Islamic Revolution, was one of the most well-known politicians of America. Not only this Polish geostrategist had a very sharp influence on White House foreign policy, from Carter presidency to Obama’s, but despite the defeats of Carter foreign policies, from Iran’s revolution to occupation of Afghanistan by the Soviet Union, almost every tricky policy in Washington’s foreign policy is founded by him; one can say that from this point of view, he excelled his counterpart ‘Henry Kissinger’.
Not only he was the founder of the school of neoliberal imperialism in America, but also, he was known as the most prominent neoconservative democrat. We are witnessing a brief notion of his arsonist views and neo-colonial plans around the new world, which created chaos caused by Takfiri terrorist groups; he himself laid the foundation of these groups, as a false double for Revolutionary Islam in Iran, in order to contain the Islamic Revolution in Iran, during his advisory period to Carter (1977-1981). one cannot deny the fact that, his role, as a theoretician, was to provoke the Takfiri terrorism in the name of Islam, and also causing chaos within the crisis-stricken international scene to the aim of American Hegemony; After September 11 attacks, he had been seriously criticized and accused of being involved in the creation of Taliban and al-Qaeda, by his own people.

The concept of globalization is a new concept that has entered in recent decade into the latest political literature, social, cultural and economic development of the world and there are many definitions that sometimes pertains on the specific area of globalization and sometimes take a look at the genral as it is accepted. Globalization with standardization of people of the world are at issues such as the economy, culture and politics to gain their special interests through which advocated forTayyip Tizini whom he believes in the systematic globalization of economic, political, social and cultural wants to devour the human beings and nature and become a consumer commodity in the international market, the role of the military in line with the goals of Zionism in our time is too deep and based on Marxism thought and Islamic course of actions itself as the necessity of facing critically with this phenomena, reviving the identity of Arabic culture in the light of the openness movement, Arabic thoughts and having backup for the movement by the intellectual elites. The advanced written mythology of descriptive-analysis in which focus and study the view of Tizini, criticisms such an incompetent Marxist idea in the Islamic society, the idealist of the intellectual movement of Arabic enlightenment in intellectual incompatibility and his emphasis on the Arabic world instead of Islamic World and according to his advocacy of the multiplicity of different interpretations on his point of views.

Ayatollah Sayyed AbdulHusein Lari’s movement in Naseri’s era is considered to be one of the most prominent contemporary Islamic movements. He, as the intellectual leader, opposed domestic totalitarianism and foreign imperialism beside reforming people’s beliefs. Since the aim of this paper was to review reasons and factors of his movement, general components like leadership, people, ideology, mindset, organizational network, military forces and wealth have been studied followed by reasons of failure based on the so-called factors. In this study, descriptive and analytical approach has been applied.

Political economy in the world at the time of the Islamic Revolution had a few major global indices such as the "mass production", "Trade" and "wealth". At this point in history, political structure of the world between two geopolitical forces of imperialism and communism in the competition, and why, was formed under the influence of the global economic necessities these two conflicting political force. Cross-sectional study to evaluate the economic-political imperialism and communism begins and then the occurrence of the Islamic Revolution as a "break in the structure of international political economy" in the political economy of these two powers, checks. The results indicate that even though imperialism and communism are considered as two competing poles, but from the perspective of political economy codes are the same. Features like "Open Space materialism," "colonialism for economy" and "trade war" existed on both fronts. However, the Islamic Revolution by creating code such as spirituality, decolonization, justice-centering and the "economic and cultural policies", a new and different approach in international political economy that created that called "Cultural Discourse of the International Political Economy".

Although، Iran’s relations with Latin America has a relatively long history، yet due to the economic، political and geopolitical reasons were generally limited and have not enjoyed the prosperity and expansion، except a few transitional phases and that also with a few countries. However، a period of the expansion of political relations between I. R. of Iran and these countries commenced since 2005 with the victory of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad in the presidential election and the rise of new radical leftism in some of these countries particularly Venezuela. This paper seeks to examine and identify the reasons for this expansion of relations through a Constructivist perspective. On the basis of this perspective، the issues like mutual understanding of common identity and central ideas such as opposition to the domination system، negation of Imperialism and Capitalism، colonial backgrounds and Third-Worldism have been the elements of common identity which have driven these countries to promote bilateral relations and wider cooperation، at least in the political spheres.

Revelations concerning widespread spying by US security institutes on its enemies and even on its allies, have become a cause of concern for political analysts and have been followed by many speculations, and every single analyst has reviewed this issue from one special angle or with a general view. The aim of this research is to review the reason of this widespread spying without considering the source of these revelations that is in dispute among theorists. Thus, by using a descriptive-analytic method an elaboration on imperialism and its three pillars and an explanation about elements of a police state as the support for imperialism we will try to show that beyond this great espionage, rests an important reality for the world public opinion and that reality is that the world is going through a change into a police state and the reign of cybernetic imperialism of the United States and for defending this theory through this essay we will discuss about two reasons, first is that relationships and interactions of mankind today, going to integrate with cybernetic space in a way that experts say there will be a time that all aspects of human life will be integrated with cybernetic space. The second reason shows that the intelligence organizations of the United States have an unthinkable reign over the cyber space as if a kind of police state is ruling over cyber space.

There is a discursive paradox in the study of the recent developments in the world of Islam and the fall of the dictators of the Arab world: one discourse is based on the belief that these risings origin from inside and root in the Islamic history and the historical، civilization، cultural، and social facts of these countries and they are process-based. The other discourse claims that these recent developments are based on the new project of the United States for the Middle East. Those with the latter viewpoint believe that these risings have been directly manipulated by the United States so that the new form and structure of the Middle East continues to be dependent and preserves and deepens their interests. Therefore، the main question in this article is “whether the revolutions having taken place in the western Asia and northern Africa are process-based or project-based?” This article studies the new wave of the Islamic awareness characterized with Islamism، anti-autarchy and anti-Imperialism. The major finding of the study reveals that the mentioned developments root in the Islamic history and the historical، civilization، cultural، and social facts of these countries and they are process-based.