جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Regional convergence » در نشریات گروه « علوم سیاسی »

SummaryThe two countries of the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia, as two great powers, have the capacity to play a role in the regional sphere, and due to the change in the nature of power in the global space and the actions of actors in this new space, both countries show their will to cooperate with They have supported each other to benefit from the transition conditions to achieve their national goals. Since geopolitical factors can be considered a basis for cooperation, this study was chosen with the aim of determining the convergence factors of the two countries. The method of descriptive research is an analysis that has been done in an applied manner and with a statistical population of 36 people. Based on the basis of 17 factors based on the theories of cooperation and regional convergence and functionalism and based on macro-political, economic, technological, natural and military geopolitical factors based on the environmental awareness of the two countries in the Persian Gulf region, it was determined that after analyzing the collected data, In order of priority, the macro-political factor should be the sub-factor, the most important of which is the political turn of Saudi Arabia towards the East, the economic with five sub-factors, the most important of which is Saudi Arabia's economic relations with China and Iran's role in this relationship, natural with two sub-factors, the most important of which is Iran's role in exploitation Saudi Arabia through north-south communication, technologically with a sub-factor of Saudi Arabia's use of Iran's technological capacities, and military with three sub-factors, the most important of which is Saudi Arabia's use of Iran's new military power, were identified as factors of convergence between the two countries.

Based on the new literature, new-regionalism should be distinguished from the geographic or geographical division of science. Here we define the region as follows: A group of countries whose joint political project is more or less explicit and active in integrating into globalization. That is, both of these trends are tied to the flux of the transformation of the global structure. In the new-regionalism literature, geographic or even economic dimensions are undermined, and their functions are important?The main question of the article is that considering conceptual developments in the dimension of neo-nationalism as a way of understanding in understanding the global structure of the present, is the use of the term "region" to Western Asia to be a scientific criterion. The hypothesis of the paper, based on the analysis and explanation methods, considers the transition of the neo-nationalist literature to the use of geographic or even economic criteria in the establishment of the regions, the primary and basic presuppositions of the formation of the region depends on the realization of the factors of the movement towards polarization.

More than two decades of successful experience of the European Union and its member states. In the face of the problems and challenges ahead and the increase of its power by accumulating power in a transnational institution, it has acted as an important catalyst and incentive to direct other countries and world powers in shaping the process of regional convergence. However, the question is what is the reason for the success of some regions in converging and the futility of the efforts of some other regions in this field? In particular, why do West Asian countries fail to benefit from regional convergence? The research hypothesis is that the success of convergence in West Asia depends on a four-dimensional model that can fill all the gaps and provide the necessary grounds for the transition to convergence among regional actors. The mentioned production model includes all four areas of vision (belief), motivation, structure and environment of actors' actions and by distinguishing between the world of actor's cognition and the world of his motivations and personality traits - which are other psychological components such as feelings, experiences, emotions and .. Also seeks to shed light on both "human-centered" sources influencing human actor's actions, in parallel with the study of environmental and structural components.

The present study seeks to answer the question: what is the role of scientific cooperation in achieving convergence in the Islamic world? To answer this question, relying on the theoretical framework of convergence in the form of neighborhood policy, an attempt has been made to investigate the role of scientific-university cooperation in providing stable grounds for the expansion of convergence in the Islamic world.

The research uses document studies related to the analysis and meta-analysis of documents.

The findings indicate that the establishment of geopolitical and geo-economic ties and the tying of the fate of Islamic countries to each other play the most important role in the expansion of scientific cooperation between these countries.

The study concludes that improving the status of neighboring Islamic countries in scientific cooperation requires planning at three levels: micro (scientists), medium (institution) and macro (government).

China's Belt-Road Initiative is quickly becoming one of the most ambitious international projects. Regardless of the great potential of the Belt- Road Initiative to shape international trade and, more broadly, international relations between participating countries and beyond that, scientific studies have so far largely neglected the question of how this initiative is associated with modern approaches to regionalism and regional integration. In this study, we analyzed the contexts in which the China’s Belt- Road Initiative through Iran's position can reinforce regional convergence in Southwest Asia. The main question of the present study is what effect does position of Iran in China’s Belt-Road Initiative has on convergence in Southwest Asia? In response to that question, it was argued that the communication and transportation position of Iran within China’s Belt-Road Initiative can provide the expansion of economic, infrastructural, and communication associations of convergence in Southwest Asia. As a result, by accomplishing the infrastructure projects, especially in the range of road and communications, Iran can improve its position as a go-between and hub of the region and lead to the development of convergence in the regions of Southwest Asia.

Despite the high level of political relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Syrian Arab Republic, the authorities of the two countries emphasize the increase and continuation of strategic cooperation with each other. This is despite the fact that there are many opportunities and commonalities between the two countries for the promotion and continuation of strategic cooperation, there are also weaknesses and threats in this direction, the explanation of which has become the problem of the present research. Therefore, the authors of this article, using the SWOT method known as SWAT and the approach of the theoretical framework of regional integration, seek to answer the main question, "What are the strategies for strengthening the regional integration of Iran and Syria?". The purpose of the article is to answer this question "to help develop and deepen the regional integration of Iran and Syria" through "strengthening the theoretical literature of this field".

The issue of convergence of nations has an old history, but a scientific study of the problem began after World War II in studies of international relations, particularly regional studies. The question is why west Asian countries fail to move toward regional convergence. The research hypothesis is that successful convergence in West Asia is owed to a four-dimensional model, which can fill all the present gaps and prepare the ground for convergence among regional players. The model involves four elements: insight (doctrinal), motivation, structure, and the acting environment of the players. With drawing a distinction between the world of the player’s cognitions and the world of their personal characters, which spring from other psychological factors such as feelings, experiences, emotions, and interests, this model seeks to shed light on both “human-centric” origins that affect in the actions of regional players because of the predominance of agential components over structural components in the West Asian region and in parallel with the study of environmental and structural elements.

This article has been written with the aim of investigating the impact of ITI Railways on the realization of communications and advancing Pakistan's economic policies within the framework of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO), of an applied type and with an analytical-descriptive method. The present study focuses on ITI railways and Pakistani trade relations and ECO spatial territory. In the realm of time, data have been collected over the last 10 years, but in order to be aware of the state of Pakistan's railways, it is necessary to refer to the development of the railway since its inception. The most important solutions presented in this article for Pakistan to benefit from ITI Railways are: seriousness in implementing railway projects, attracting specialists, eradicating corruption, updating the electricity and telecommunication system, speeding up the reconstruction of wagons, replacing wagons Worn out with new wagons, attention to container trade in Lahore dry port and increased use of investment support from the Central Asian Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) program. Iran, meanwhile, could increase its share of Pakistan's imports from $ 500 million to $ 16 billion while bypassing US economic sanctions, and strengthen its strategic relationship with China.

About 80 countries with over 1.1 billion populations don’t have regular access to healthy freshwater resources. According to Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development findings (OECD), due to the excessive usage and climate changes, lots of freshwater resources will be disappeared by 2030; therefore over 3.9 billion people all over the world will face a fresh water shortage. Lack of water resources will cause political, social and economic crisis and will also result in extensive migrations and finally triggers regional conflicts. One outcome of the colonization of tsarism and then the Soviet era was destroying natural infrastructures including water resources (e.g. drying the Aral Sea), creating marginal areas, and making Central Asian countries a single product economy. The single product agricultural industry in the Central Asian socialist economy completely depends on the irrigation system. To irrigate cotton planting farms in Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Kazakhstan, more than 90 percent of existing water supplies being used. This amount becomes more catastrophic where in some areas, about 10.000 cubic meters of water were used for every hectare of the cotton farm. After the independence, this competition continued between 5 Central Asian countries. Increasing cotton production in Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan made these two countries pioneers in the world. Between 2004-2005, these two countries accounted for 65 percent of the world’s cotton production. This policy in the agriculture industry results in severe depletion of farms, excessive use of chemical fertilizer as well as a reduction in cotton production in the last ten years, so this reduction in addition to population growth, makes these 5 Central Asian countries import food products. Decreasing freshwater quality, increasing the amount of salt in the soil, and farms salinity along with fast population growth were some causes of appearing marginal areas in Central Asian countries. Marginal areas because of the lack of social, educational, healthy, and cultural services and facilities are a place for future crises. Based on the World Council’s estimates about International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) studies, Central Asia is among areas that are severely affected by water shortages; the drying of the Aral Sea was a disaster and some parts of Central Asia were depopulated. Based on World Bank predictions, water shortages in this area will reach 25 to 30 percent by 2050 and it is also predicted that the population of Central Asia will increase to 90 million. It shows that we should expect a different crisis in Central Asia in which the results will be expanded all over the area including the Middle East, Europe and Central Asia. On the other hand, the area is located at the crossroads of international interests in the new geopolitical and geo-economic conditions which were created in the last decade of the twentieth century. From then on, it has highlighted the importance of this region in political stability and global security. In new conditions, Germany was always trying to find a suitable place to increase its economic and political presence in the region. At the beginning of 1990’s, political leaders of Germany showed some signs of independence of action in foreign policy by adopting a multilateral policy in the international system and gradually approaching other centers of powers; to this end, areas such as Central Asia became a place to show the power and the economic, commercial and almost political presence of Germany. On the other hand, political and security conditions in Afghanistan and their effect on multiple crises in Central Asia as well as conflicts among Ukraine and Russia and its effect on the gas transmission to Europe increased the importance of Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan. Germany as the biggest industrial unit in the European Union is the most important exporter of technology and industrial goods. Because of the dilapidated economic and production structure left from the Soviet Union, Central Asian countries have the potential needs to accept technology and Germany’s investment in different sectors. Therefore, during years after independence, Germany tried to take advantage of these needs and increase its share. But Central Asian countries tend to face the crisis due to different factors including extremism, terrorism, drug trafficking, poverty, unemployment, extensive addiction, tribalism, the unfinished process of state-nation building in these countries, fragile security and educational structures (intelligence Police), low legitimate governments based in Central Asia, the intervention of regional and trans-regional countries including Russia, China and United States and the most important factor water storages. A crisis that if remains pervasive, will not only have social, political, economic and environmental consequences in Central Asia but also leads to the growth of extremism, terrorism, increased drug trafficking, disruption in energy flow and migration to Europe. Also, it poses a serious threat to Germany’s interests, especially its economic interests in the region. Therefore, Central Asia and countries within its sphere became of strategic importance to Germany in various ways, including in diversifying energy demands, economic, trade, security and cultural resources after the end of the cold war. So, all these factors have caused concern in German Foreign policy and this country has tried different measures to manage water resources. According to the aforementioned items, by using a descriptive-analytical method based on the theoretical framework of neoliberalism institutionalism, this paper seeks to investigate German measures to manage water resources in Central Asia and prevent political and social crisis caused by lack of sustainable management in the field of vital water resources in Central Asia. The results of this paper show that despite obstacles such as lack of mutual trust between the governments, the dominance of some Central Asian countries, low level of cooperation between 5 countries of the region concerning water resources management, and a series of structural problems, Germany has been able to work through multilateral cooperation between institutions and scientific centers and carry out important and significant measures, both technical and academic. Data collection in this article is based on library methods.

A rise in the number of the Caspian Sea littoral states after dissolution of the Soviet Union at the end of the 20th century and the significance of those areas due to the decline of the United States’ hegemony in the international system at the beginning of the 21st century have set the stage for the emergence of a new region called the Caspian Sea region. The Caspian Sea region is comprised of five littoral states, including a big power, a regional power, and three local powers. Considering that the region is situated in a zone where Asia connects Europe and which holds abundant resources, it has attracted the attention of trans-regional actors. Such growing attention may drive the future of the region into chaotic situation. This study seeks to find an answer to the basic question that “how is it possible to define the agenda for convergence in the Caspian Sea region?” To answer this question, a mixed research method -- two-stage exploratory research method -- was employed. In the first stage, library resources were used to assess the mutual security dependencies of the Caspian Sea regional states which would affect the process of convergence in the military, political, economic, social and environmental spheres. In the next stage, the extracted data was used to prepare the tools for a questionnaire, which was completed by a group of 24 people familiar with the regional issues. Ultimately, a quantitative analysis of the questionnaires have been conducted to separate the low politics from the high politics and propose an agenda of convergence in the Caspian Sea region.

Extended Abstract: Islam is the second largest religion in the world in terms of the number of impersonators. The spread of Muslims around the world covers all continents, but what is known as the Islamic world and the Muslim-majority lands and countries include a vast expanse of space from the Atlantic coast to western China along the southern latitude to West - Northeast. Islamic lands in demographic, geographical, economic, geopolitical, geostrategic, geo-economics, geo-cultural, etc. dimensions have outstanding and almost privileged positions, and the utilization of these opportunities, power-building and empowerment resources are provided to Islamic countries and the Islamic world. It allows them to have far better conditions than in other parts of the world. But it is clear that the Islamic world, despite having the resources of power in terms of population, space and area, political power, military power, access to the three great oceans, routes and sea lanes, access to the four continents of the world, reserves The world's vast energy resources, fertile fields, freshwater resources, hydropower resources, important mineral resources, diverse climatic patterns, access to a variety of agricultural and horticultural products, etc, face many problems in various dimensions. Among all the features that can be mentioned for the Islamic world, it has several important features: "common threats against the Islamic world", "common religious and belief values", "common sense of Islamic identity", "common underdevelopment", "functional sharing in It is the "International Economy" and "the existence of regional convergent institutions", each of which can play an effective role in the convergence of the Islamic world. But one of the most important problems in the Islamic world is the domination of the atmosphere of tension, differences and divergences. This has exacerbated the problems of Muslims and is an important and influential component in the underdevelopment of Islamic countries. From the past decades and years, the need for unity and convergence in the Islamic world and between Muslim countries and nations has always been emphasized, but despite the measures taken in this regard, the problems remain. In fact, the situation of the Islamic world in terms of cohesion, unity and convergence is not in good condition for various reasons, and despite significant commonalities, differences and divergence in the Islamic world continue to seriously damage the convergence, progress and development of Muslim countries and nations. Just as various issues and problems are the cause of divergences in the Islamic world, on the contrary, there are appropriate capabilities and capacities in this geographical and human area that can provide a general outcome, the context of convergence, unity and behavioral cohesion of Muslim countries. The main purpose of this article is to identify and examine the most important capacities and capabilities available for the realization of convergence between Muslim countries and nations. So The present article seeks to examine and analyze the capabilities and capabilities of convergence in the Islamic world through a descriptive-analytical method and using library resources. The results of the studies show that the Islamic world, despite the divergences it faces, has significant capabilities and capacities, among which, in this article, some important capacities and capabilities in the Islamic world have been discussed. Threats to the Islamic world from these three sides of the threat are in the cultural and identity spheres, territorial integrity, independence, sovereignty, and so on. This issue can bring Islamic countries together to face serious threats and by creating a coherent mechanism in the field of cultural, security, political cooperation, etc. while repelling the threat, provide the ground for the unity of Islamic countries and societies. Many other nations that later embraced Islam also played a role in the development of this civilization, and during the process of its realization, nations became more civilized and developed. Therefore, unity and convergence, relying on common religious and doctrinal values, can continue to pave the way for the progress of the Islamic world. Accordingly, Muslims define themselves against other religious and cultural structures of the world and set mental and real boundaries between themselves and others (them). This issue has a very important and influential role in creating the convergence and unity of Muslims, and the component of feeling the common Islamic identity can be used as an important capacity and capability for convergence in the Islamic world.   The situation of the Islamic world in terms of cohesion, unity and convergence is not in good condition for various reasons, and despite significant commonalities, differences and divergence in the Islamic world is still a serious blow to the convergence, progress and development of Muslim countries and nations. Just as various issues and problems are the cause of divergences in the Islamic world, on the contrary, there are appropriate capabilities and capacities in this geographical and human area that can provide a general outcome, the context of convergence, unity and behavioral cohesion of Muslim countries. Among all the features that can be mentioned for the Islamic world, it has several important features: "common threats against the Islamic world", "common religious and belief values", "common sense of Islamic identity", "common underdevelopment", "functional sharing in It is the "International Economy" and "the existence of regional convergent institutions", each of which can play an effective role in the convergence of the Islamic world. In general, given the divergences in the Islamic world and the need for this cultural-geographical structure to unite and converge between Muslim countries and nations, it is necessary for countries to emphasize the existing capacities and capabilities in order to achieve this. In this regard, the contexts that have been mentioned and analyzed are the effective and grounded capacities and capabilities in creating convergence in the Islamic world that can be considered and processed. In this regard, all those who are concerned about the convergence of the Islamic world, including civic and popular, governmental and governmental, elite and authoritarian, intellectual, institutional (political / social / cultural), and most importantly religious scholars of all Islamic religions, they have a decisive and important role.

Developments in the international system and the emergence of economic powers in the Asian continent have doubled the importance of the Continent in the future economic order of the world. Two major economic projects 'One Belt One Road' and 'cotton Route' by China and India are a big step towards achieving the great goal. Chabahar Port is the key of the Indian Cotton Route project. Located along the Oman Sea, the port provides an opportunity for India to join the ancient Silk Road route to Central Asia and Afghanistan. On the other hand, due to its geo-strategic position, Chabahar is the transplant factor between India, Iran as well as the continents of Asia and Africa, therefore, can play an important role in facilitating regional convergence .This research tries to answer the question as what is the role of Chabahar in the regional convergence? And what is the status of the Cotton Route project in the convergence? The hypothesis to answer the question is that due to its geo-strategic and geo-political and geo-economic position, Chabahar have an important role to create a common interest between Iran, Russia, central Asian states, Afghanistan and India in regional convergence, and The Cotton Route project can also be a complement to this convergence through the key role it plays in Indian foreign policy based on the 'Connect Central Asia Policy'. This paper is based on an analytical- descriptive method using both primary and secondary data including documents, reports, books, articles and web sites.

Water is a vital and irreplaceable material. Climate changes, population increase and life style changes have leaded to the increase of water demands. At the time being, the situation of water resources in all over the world is critical. However, some regions such as the Middle East and the south of Africa are more vulnerable. Hydro politics is a young knowledge which deals with the examination of water resources and finding solutions for water crisis. Since the solving of water problems is difficult for individual states, bilateral and multilateral cooperation seems inevitable. Accordingly states have to pursue active and dynamic foreign policy to overcome the challenges. Virtual water is one of the methods for managing the water problems in arid and semiarid regions. Virtual water means the smart import of water dependent food or goods according to relative advantage. Accordingly two strategies have been mentioned: 1) import of water dependent goods and 2) production of water dependent goods in watery regions with the common investment of arid and semiarid countries. The present paper is an endeavor to submit practical solutions for overcoming the water crisis in our country And therefore, water diplomacy can be the inevitable field of bilateral and multilateral cooperation for convergence. In such a context, the diplomacy of the political unit based on cooperation on the challenges of water scarcity, including conflict resolution and environmental cooperation with neighbors, will enhance Iran's position in the international system as an emerging opportunity.

Defenders of the Shrine and the Martyrs of the Defender of the Shrine is a term coined in the fight against Takfiri and ISIS terrorism in Iraq, especially in Syria, in defense of the privacy of the Ahlul-Bayt after 2011, and in a short time the theory of the Shrine defenders has become one relatively pervasive and influential culture in three cultural, political and security spheres, which also led a large number of young people  from Western Asia and even Europe and the United States to defend the shrine of Ahlul-Bayt. This regional convergence led to the formation of a large army of revolutionary forces, acting as a powerful military and security arm of the Islamic Revolution at the regional level. This article seeks to answer the question whether shrine defenders and martyrs have any influence on regional integration. To clarify the subject, the agenda of this article is to examine the role and cultural, political and security impact of the Shrine defenders and the Shrine Defenders martyrs in creating regional convergence between the countries and nations of the region in opposition to the policy of expansive, expansionist and disruptive security of nations. The method will be to research, study and collect documents, books, scholarly articles and reputable sites.

The Middle East has always been facing a variety of crises and conflicts over the past century. Owing to several developments in this region in the post-2011 years there have emerged a number of Salafi-Jihadist groups the most dreadful of which has been the self-proclaimed caliphate of the ISIS (so called Islamic State of Iraq and Syria). The emergence of ISIS has resulted in the formation of a number of confrontations in the Middle East obscuring and complicating the future of this important region. Keeping this in view, the present research work intends to look into the challenges posed to convergence in the Middle East following the emergence of the Jihadist groups; particularly the ISIS. The findings of the research indicate that after the emergence and coming to power of Salafi-jihadist groups, a wide range of regional and trans-regional conflicts have taken place in the Middle East causing obstacle to the trend of convergence in the region. By the same token, based on the theoretical from of this research, the findings also show that convergence in the Middle East calls for four preconditions, which include: a) desire on the part of governments and nations; b) common economic interests; c) common understanding about existing interests and threats; and d) consensus over cultural commonalities. The emergence of Salafi-jihadist group’s, however, prove that none of these preconditions for the promotion of convergence are currently present in the region. As a matter of fact, following the emergence and significant presence of Salafi-jihadist groups, especially ISIS, the Middle East region may be referred to as a region ridden with a series of complicated conflicts and contradictions.

Southwest Asia has a region with five unique geopolitical regions, regionalism and, consequently, regional incompatibility. Because this vast area has not been able to play its role in the global economy, despite its potential. Perhaps one of the reasons for this is the lack of a desirable model for the development of the Southwest Asia with regard to its status and capabilities. Since the current developments in the world are going so far that the necessity of creating a favorable regional convergence model in Southwest Asia is felt more and more, the creation of areas for achieving this goal should be considered. Meanwhile, having a Middle Eastern region, Iran is one of the most important countries in Southwest Asia, which, with its significant geoeconomic potentials, as well as strong interactions with all sub-systems of Southwest Asia, can be a valuable player in achieving this goal. Convergence and regional cooperation in the context of economic issues. Since Iran is both a major energy source and a dual corridor, and in addition to being a prominent transit bridge, it is similar to the one that can connect the three continents of Europe to Asia and Africa, from This is the best option among the countries of the region that can play a role in the development of convergence and cooperation in Southwest Asia in various fields, including economic, cultural and other.

The existence of two blue spaces - the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean - in two parts of the Southwest Asia Region is one of the important factors that has made the region one of the most privileged strategic regions of the world, so that any successful regional integration in the region without consideration It does not seem to work to succeed. In the meantime, the 20-year vision document of the Islamic Republic of Iran outlines Iran's domestic and foreign policy development towards regional supremacy, an issue that has so far not been overlooked by global politics and geopolitical factors. This article, by means of content analysis method, investigates the effective geopolitical factors in creating successful regional convergence, to present a new model of regional convergence in Southwest Asia with a focus on Iran. The results of this study indicate that if regional proposed convergence is formed in this study, Iran can become a superior regional power in Southwest Asia, according to the 20-year vision document.

The Islamic Republic of Iran needs to be capable in the area of foreign policy in order to be able to achieve the objectives delineated in its upstream documents. Achieving a higher regional status as the number-one power of the world as one of the objectives delineated in the Twenty-Year Outlook of the Islamic Republic of Iran requires Iran to be capable in software power. For this purpose, the present article tries to address Iran's soft power in the area of foreign policy, and also to scrutinize the 1404 Outlook Document as one of I.R.I's upstream documents. The main question is "What are the parameters of foreign policy that have an effect on the soft power of the Islamic Republic of Iran?" Library studies method and qualitative content analysis method are used to analyze the Twenty-Year Outlook Document. The main hypothesis in this article is "the parameters related to IRI's foreign policy in the Twenty-Year Outlook Document have a reliable and deep relation with the increased soft power in the Iranian community in the horizon delineated. Also, the parameters like being inspiring; having an active presence in the international relations; having an effect upon regional convergence and the Islamic world; and abiding by principles like dignity and expediency in the area of foreign policy can improve Iran's soft power through increasing the legitimacy of the political system on the international scene, preserving the international prestige, directing the public opinion, and help the Iranian community in the path of the realization of the ideals and principles contained in the Twenty-Year Outlook Document of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Countries are led by their geopolitical genome. If geopolitical genome creates a correlation between the goals pursued by the political players and geographical advantages of other countries، it will pave the way for international and regional cooperation. The Persian Gulf region، as a unit، is like a living creature with tissues، cells، a nucleus and a genome. For example، the islands in the Persian Gulf are like cells while the situation of military and civil groups on those islands constitutes the nucleus. The geopolitical genome، on the other hand، is the factor which determines strategic and geopolitical significance of an island in the minds of politicians. This paper aims to answer this question: “What kind of strategy will be able to activate geopolitical genes which give rise to convergence in the Persian Gulf?” It seems that a strategy based on recognizing geographical and human realities of the region as well as careful study of the geopolitical genome that affects the foreign policy of regional countries will be able to bring about the aforesaid activation.