جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Transcendental Philosophy » در نشریات گروه « علوم سیاسی »

This article aims at presenting the viewpoint of the transcendental philosophy regarding the political theory. The article claims that, regarding the origin of the political theory, the transcendental theosophy has a paradigmatic view in relation to the common viewpoint of the philosophy of social sciences. To do so, we have used the documentary method and, by referring to the claims of the political transcendental philosophers, have sought to investigate our claim to show that the transcendental philosophy, unlike what Karl Popper maintains, regards the origin of the theory among the issues related to the philosophy of the social sciences, not a psychological issue. From the findings of this article, we can conclude that the transcendental philosophy does not restrict itself, in constructing the political theory, to just the creative role of the mind. Rather, it considers the role of creative inspirations as well. Accordingly, it considers both constructing the political theory and testing it as one of the methodological issues. Among the achievements of this point, we can refer to the relationship of the logical aspects and ontological aspects of the subjects in philosophy of the social sciences.

The main question of the present article is as follows: "what are the features of the state from the viewpoint of a group of Muslim thinkers known in the framework of transcendental philosophy?" The claim of this article is that the specific aspect of the state from the viewpoint of a group of the philosophers of the transcendental philosophy lies in the type of viewing the rational necessity of the state, in explaining the relationship between religion and state and between religion and politics, and specially, in the people's role and status in the state. Thus, the present article attempts to use the approach of political philosophy and a descriptive-analytical method to deal with some of the features of the state. In this article, the abovementioned claim is investigated by considering the opinions of the philosophers of the transcendental philosophy, including Mullā Ṣadrā Shīrāzī and Imam Khomeini as well as some other thinkers of this philosophical school. The consequences of the discussion are reflected especially in delineating the rational necessity and evidences of the presence of state, the scope of the state's interference in the society, explanation of the features of undesirable state, the people's role and presence in determining their destiny and backing up the state, and the type of their view of the relationship between the religion and the politics in the Islamic Republic of Iran.