جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « حاشیه نشینان » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

In contemporary society, marginalization has emerged as a significant social issue, imposing formidable barriers to social development. Accordingly, this study aims to explore the causal and contextual factors contributing to the stagnation of social development among marginalized residents of Pakdasht and Qiyam-Dasht. The study population consists of individuals residing in the marginalized areas of Pakdasht and Qiyam-Dasht, who were purposively and theoretically sampled. In-depth individual interviews were conducted with 38 residents from these areas, with the criterion of theoretical saturation determining the termination of interviews. The data analysis followed the grounded theory method, employing the Straussian approach. The research findings reveal the causal conditions for the suspension of social development, including mutual irreversibility, transient and instrumental actions, weak self-concept, intergenerational perpetuation of poverty, and limited access to resources. Furthermore, the grounds contributing to the stagnation of social development manifest through categories such as divergent roles, gaps in social awareness, inadequate resource availability and reference groups, erosion of family boundaries, and institutional distrust. The outcomes illuminate that the mosaic structure of these regions has been shaped by ethnic conflicts and identity clashes. The dominance of ethnic pursuits, stemming from these conflicts and regressive ideologies, has hindered societal convergence. Furthermore, identity conflicts, exacerbated by profound inequalities, have impeded the adaptation of these ethnic groups to the modern world, particularly in the context of Tehran. Consequently, individuals in these areas tend to engage in transient and utilitarian actions, limiting the establishment of sustainable social interactions and impeding social development.

My ethnographic fieldwork research among a poor neighborhood in Tabriz, showed me that the physical environment is the main ground in which and on it, experiences and lives of this people has been shaped. The particular physical environment of the neighborhood of Malla Zeinal, with its general shape of valleys and hills, its narrow and hundred-steps alleys, moisture lands, humid and rancid homes, constitutes a physical environment which creates some of emotional patterns and some process of ill bodies and diseases. With this field-based understanding, I used anthropology of emotions and medical anthropology to grasp the practical and lived realities theoretically. The data of this research is obtained by a six-month long-term fieldwork. Through written pieces in an ethnographic style, including fieldnote excerpts and analytic commentaries, I will disclose how the physical place penetrate into the everyday experience of Malla Zeinal people and then by which the emotional culture and social relations affected.

One of the important issues of urban poverty is marginalization. Marginal areas are also part of the large system of the city, but the livelihood of marginalized residents is different from other parts of the city in terms of spatial, economic, social and cultural boundaries and faces severe shortages. Marginalization plays a role, so we must use the capacity of non-governmental organizations. This research has been done with qualitative content analysis technique, which is based on collecting data from national and international articles and reports related to them and other reliable sources related to the capacity of organizations in order to empower marginalized residents and evaluations and The authors' mental impressions of these sources have been made. In this study, one category of NGOs' capacities in order to empower marginalized residents, three sub-categories of local community policy-making, popular institution building and behavioral psychology and twelve codes including discovering and recognizing general issues, education, measuring perspectives, motivation. Accepting and creating public legitimacy, expanding and strengthening coordination between municipalities and non-governmental organizations, public mobilization and public participation, informing and raising awareness, attracting public funds and small resources, prevention, treatment and guidance and guidance to The capacities of non-governmental organizations in order to empower the marginalized residents were discussed.

Having a glance at the growing trend of unconventional residences around Tabriz metropolis, one may notice that establishing security in the urban structure and providing citizens with security feeling in social, economic, political and environmental dimensions is one of the important concerns of the city officials. The present study was aimed at identifying and expressing the social factors linked with the feeling of social security among those living in unconventional and conventional residences in the city of Tabriz.

The research design was descriptive and of correlational type. The statistical population included all individuals aged 15 years and above living in unconventional and conventional residences in Tabriz. The number of people in each sample group was 384. A total of 768 people were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling method, and they filled in the researcher-made questionnaire.

The research findings indicated that, level of social security feeling among those living in unconventional residences differs from that of those living in conventional residences in Tabriz. It also revealed that there is a significant relationship between cultural capital and mass media variables and the variable of social security feeling among those living in unconventional residences. The social security feeling among those living in unconventional residences is in direct relationship with factors such as marital status and education. There is no significant relationship between the variables of social capital, religiosity and age; and the variables of social security feeling among those living in unconventional residences in Tabriz. The social security feeling does not differ based on the gender and occupation of those living in unconventional residences.

The results indicated that there is a significant relationship between social capital, cultural capital, and religiosity variables; and the variable of social security feeling among people living in conventional residences. Social security feeling varies depending on the gender and occupation of those living in unconventional residences. There is no significant relationship between mass media and age variables with the variable of social security feeling among those living in conventional residences. Social security feeling does not differ based on marital status and education among those living in conventional residences.

Expression of the problem and main goal: The research seeks to provide an expert and practical look at the link between the participation of railroad margins and the prevention of rail accidents and whether this partnership can help the police and roadblocks to reduce crime.Therefore, the main goal of this thesis is to establish a practical, logical and practical relationship between the extent of the participation of rail mariner and the increase or decrease of rail accidents so that it can be used to reduce human and human costs and costs. The resulting material boosts the safety factor in the rail industry, and as a result, users of the rail network (including train passengers and owners of the goods) use it more safely and safely.

The present research is descriptive in terms of its nature and method, and it is in terms of the purpose of the research, in order to meet the needs of the organization and society, and to improve the well-being and well-being of members of the community. The population of this study includes all employees and residents of the railroad in the field of railroads in the northwest of Iran from the needle exit of Garmsar railway station to the railway station in the province of Mazandaran and about 70,000 people. To determine the sample size, the Cochran formula has been used, with a volume of 383 people calculated. Simple random method is used for sampling. In order to collect information on theoretical foundations and research literature, from the bookshelves, articles, books, and also from the global information networks (Internet), and to collect data about the variables of the research, the questionnaire was used. To analyze the data obtained from descriptive statistics methods (computing central and distribution indices such as Mywin, standard deviation and percentage of frequency and plotting) and inferential (statistical samples including Kolmogorov-Smirnov monogram samples And Friedman).

The results are consistent with the findings of the research on participation, indicating that with the participation of the police, railway workers and railroad users can reduce the financial loss of the financial burden of rail accidents. Therefore, the use of components Participation in this research and its application in both the sectoral and in the macro area could increase the security factor.

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between religiosity and the sense of social security. It employs a range of theories including socio-cultural environment theory, Durkheim's anomie theory, and Newman's defensible spaces theory. This study is based on a survey that includes a sample of 384 residents of peripheral areas of the city of Kashan. According to the descriptive findings of this study, the individuals included in the sample hold a relatively moderate level of religiosity and a very low level of security feeling. The lowest level of security feeling relates to occupational and financial aspects.
Also, the multivariate results show that the sense of social security is significantly associated with the level of religiosity: the higher the latter, the greater the former. According to the results of logistic regression analysis, the belief aspect of religiosity has the strongest effect on the sense of social security and religiosity as whole could explain 23 percent of the variations in the dependent variable of this research.

The present study was to study abusing of drugs among young people which live in Slums around Shiraz city in 2011. So we want to determine the social factors which influence the abuse of drugs. The statistical population of this study were 24 659 drug-dependent people. We have used the Cochran's formula to determine the sample size which accounts 378 people. The sample was chosen with the use of randomized and snow-ball method. The research method is survey and the data were collected through standardized questionnaire. For the analysis of data used variance analysis, Kruskal Wallis test, regression analysis, path analysis with two independent groups, correlation coefficient (Pearson's r). The results of the study show that: there is a meaningful relationship between self-image variables, education level of responders, availability of drugs and family support, and abuse of narcotics. The study also shows, there is a meaningful relationship between age of first sexual intercourse at lower ages, the self-esteem and hope for the future, and abuse of narcotics. e have found relationship between contact with the addicted person and residence place and the type of drug abuse. But we couldn´t find meaningful relationship between the level of education of father and mother and abusing substances. I couldn´t find any meaningful relationship between variables such as father's and mother's job, occupation of the addicted persons, their ethnicity and the number of addicted persons in the family and abuse of drugs. The results of regression analysis showed that independent variables in terms of efficacy on the dependent variable series are therefore as follows: self-image, drug availability and level of education of the person. This variables accounted for 18% of the changes in the dependent variables.

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of social components on societal security in Sanandaj city. Qualitative (depth interview) and quantitative (self-administered questionnaire) methods have been utilized for data gathering. The population of this study was all youths over 18 years old residing in Sanandaj, sample size for qualitative method based on theoretical sampling was 60 people and for quantitative method was 382 that for more confidence were increased to 400 people. Sampling method was multi-stage cluster sampling. A combination of Copenhagen school and Mitar`s theory has been used for theoretical framework. The results show that the correlation between social norms and societal security was in average and direct (0.456), for marginal inhabitants women expressed that street bothering was the major factor of security threatening. The significant relationship exists between gender and street bothering at % 99 levels. Components in social domain have a negative effect on social security for the second group of marginal inhabitants (contrabandists).women in marginal areas expressed that social component were the major threatening sources of their security but for men(good contrabandists) of this area the threatening source was economical rather than social. Home and shop stealing was the major source of threatening for the first group of central inhabitants (businessmen).40 percent of respondents expressed that they have a great fear if they leave their home for a long time. For formal and cultural group (second group of central area) the major threatening factor was in other domains (economical, cultural, etc) rather than social domain. The results of logistic regression analysis show that, in general, social components have a great effect on social security. Basing on logistic analysis, social crimes, gender, family size, education, law function, and social norms had profound effects on social security respectively and they have classified respondents about 82.5 percent correctly.