جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « داده های ترکیبی » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

Family, which establishes the personality and intellectual values of individuals in a community, can have a vital role in creating happiness in individuals. In this study, using the statistical data of 11 countries with more than 20 thousand dollars per capita income and 25 countries with per capita income below 20 thousand dollars, over the period 1981-2014, the relationship between the family's importance in life and happiness has been studied. Per capita income, unemployment, life expectancy, and income inequality variables are entered as a control variable in the panel data regression. The results show that in both groups of the country, unemployment and income inequality variables have negative and significant effects, and variables of family importance, life expectancy and income have a positive and significant effect on happiness perception. Also, the family importance in life in countries with low per capita income, as compared to countries with high per capita income, hasn’t different impacts on perceptions of happiness. Therefore, the positive impact of the cultural value of the family's importance in life on the perception of happiness is not dependent on the promotion of per capita income in a country. Per capita income does not count as a catalyst for having a greater impact on the family's importance in life on the feeling of happiness.

The purpose of this study is to identify the mutual impacts of social capital and health in Iranian provinces. In order to study the present subject, the panel data vector autoregression for the period of 1394-1384 has been used. To calculate the social capital index of 11 variables, 5 variables have been used to calculate health capital. There is a positive and significant effect between the social capital and health in Iranian provinces during the studied period. Also, the positive and significant impact of economic growth of the provinces on the formation of social capital and health is one of the other results of model estimation. The experimental results obtained from the estimation of the model and the study of the interaction effects of research variables in the framework of analysis of variance show that in the study period, higher levels of social capital resulted in the health capital improvement in provinces and This improvement has improved the formation of social capital in turn. Therefore, social capital, as one of the main ways of promoting health, should be taken into consideration by health policymakers and other policy-makers in Iranian provinces.

Underground economy with its complex, diverse and widespread aspects leads to various economic and social issues, obscure data and statistics, inadequate performance of socio-economic policies, and finally, the slowdown of the development process in different societies. Studies conducted about the underground economy have mainly focused on estimating the size of the underground economy or the effects of this phenomenon on macroeconomic variables. Given the impartible linkage of underground economy with social and cultural issues, the consequences of underground economy on society and social development have been less addressed. Therefore, the main objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of underground economy on social development in selected countries of the Middle East during the period 2000-2015 using panel data approach. The results indicated that the underground sector and income inequality had a negative and significant effect on the social development. On the other hand, the increase of government expenditures on the level of health and education had positive and significant effects on the level of social development.

Study of Development Studies suggest that the spread of freedom, the aim and tools for development. In the other hand, type and style of governance is a prerequisite for achieving freedom. But there is some evidence that these relationships do not always exist. However, in this study, using indices of economic freedom, political freedom, the quality of governance and human development in 172 countries for the period 1995 to 2015 it was tried to examine the interactions between some kinds of freedoms and human development which were emphasized by Amartya Sen, using panel data and Dumitrescu -Hurlin causality approach. The results obtained showed that freedom and develop have a very close relationship, and perhaps without improvement in indicators of freedom, achievement to development will be misleading. Based on these results, economic freedom, political freedom, the quality of governance and human development affect each other mutually and have a direct relationship. Also causality results shows that human development and quality of governance are two important pillars in improvement in freedom indices. But political freedom and especially economic freedom, have not been the cause of human development and the quality of governance.

The population of each country plays an important role in its economic growth and development. Demographic issues have a special place in economic discussions because of labor supply debate. The hypothesis of the mythological life cycle and the theory of human capital illustrate the importance of this variable. In this research, the effect of age structure of the population on economic growth in three groups of countries with very high, high and moderate human development index in the period 2014-2000 was investigated using combined data technique. The results show that the population of 15-64 has a positive and significant effect and the population of 14-0 years has a negative and significant effect on GDP in all three categories of countries. Population over 65 years of age has a high negative impact on GDP in countries with high HDIs and moderate HDIs. The impact of this demographic group on GDP in countries with high human development is positive, but not statistically significant.

An important priority in society is attention to health and longevity، and trying for its maintenance and improvement. In current study the effects of social، economic، and environmental determinants of life expectancy were estimated for West Pacific Region (WPR) based on the Grossman (1972) theoretical model. Multiple long-linear regression model and Panel data of 1995-2007 periods for WPR countries was used. Based on Hausman test، Parameters were estimated by fixed effect model (Least Squares Dummy Variable). The results of WPR estimated model have shown a positive and significant relationship between per capita income، education، employment rate، One-year-old immunized with Measles-Containing Vaccine (p<0. 01)، urbanization (p<0. 05) and life expectancy. The economic stabilization policies such as increasing productivity and economic growth، and reducing unemployment، play a significant role in people’s health in these regions. On the other hand، policies related to improving health system efficiency، particularly revision on financing and health services provision systems، are keys for health and longevity improvement

Nowadays taking women and their role in society into consideration is unavoidable and one of the biggest developments during the past 100 years is the increase in women's participation in economic & social affairs. In this way, it is important to consider the relationship between women’s participation in labor's Market as an important and affective factor in economic growth and fertility rates as an effective factor in population growth. The extent of women's participation in different affairs is the most important factor in the economic growth and development of a country. But in many developing countries especially in Middle East and North Africa women' role in economic and social activities is rather low.Statistics reveal that women's participation in labor force in these regions during 2004 is 27/1%, however for the OECD group countries this figure is 44.2% while the world average is equal to 40%. The figures illustrate the weakness in this group of countries in contrast to other regions and world's average.On the other hand, fertility rates in this region are very high in contrast with 20 other regions.Accordingly in 2004, in North Africa, Middle East the figure was 3 while in OECD countries it was equal to 1.6 with the world average mounting to 2.6.This paper evaluates the cause and effect relationship between fertility rate and women's role in labor force for Middle East and North African countries during 2004-1980. The study aims to find out whether there’s a relationship between fertility rate and women role in labor force. And provided there’s a relationship, does an increase in participation role have a decreasing effect on the fertility rate? Or on the contrary does a decreased fertility rate affect increased participation role?Hsiao causality test is used for research analysis, which is an improved granger causality test.Research results show that during the time interval and in the case study regions, the fertility rate changes affect women's role in labor force and so fertility rate is a cause of changes in women's role in labor force.Considering the results, we can identify the changes in women's roles that affect fertility rate.Accordingly, an increase in fertility rate can lead to a decrease in women’s labor force and consequently a decrease in their participation at work.Similarly, an increase in women’s employment and participation in economic affairs will lead to a decrease in the fertility rate. Bearing in mind the importance of the role of women as active population in a society, the research suggests that the studied countries should pave the way for an increase in women’s participation in various economic and social affairs and at the same time provide health services and facilities including education for fertility and birth control.

Research Problem: Economic growth and development is a complicated process that falls into the domain of many disciplines in social sciences and humanities. Therefore to study these fundamental aspects of economic growth synthesizing in these fields is necessary. In this research using endogenous growth models and political literature, we present a model for political economy of growth. The main question that this study is going to answer is the relation between democracy and economic growth. There are some well known documents that have studied the relationship between democracy and economic growth in the literature in this area. Because of ambiguous results of them, it is needed to test the relationship by using new data and methods. to test the relation between democracy and economic growth, using panel data of 62 countries in the period 1980-2000 in this paper we study the effects of democracy on economic growth through fixed effects model. To measure democracy index, we use a mixed variable which includes political and freedom rights. Per capita GDP growth is used to measure economic growth rate. Stata8 and Eviews5 software are used to get econometrics results. Concluding remarks: Despite of a lot of studies that focus on the negative effects or inefficiency of democracy, we find the positive and significant effects of democracy on economic growth. We also come to this conclusion that economic growth negatively is related to the inflation, interest groups, and government consumption on the other hand it is positively related to the human capital, investment, population growth, female labor force, and active population. according to results, we conclude that any improvement in the democratic institutions is required to have significant economic growth. Also, tocatch higher economic growth, education enhancing, democratic institutions, reduction in government intervention in economy, investment and increasing in female labor force participation can be helpful.