جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « دولت رانتیر » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

Nowadays, the importance of oil is no secret to anyone, and the consequences of its income are influential in the different areas of the social life of the exporting countries; therefore, it is futile to investigate these consequences regardless of the social and political conditions associated with the governments of the above-mentioned countries. Thus, this study has attempted to study rentierism and the political development of the Islamic Republic of Iran in order to identify threats, opportunities, weaknesses and strengths using a Delphi method. the Delphi method was used in the field of research and using the open-ended questionnaire, the experts in political sociology, economics and politics were asked questions in six stages of Delphi. In this regard, The most important opportunities: strengthing military power, providing ways to be independent politically and economically, appropriate international relations through income derived from natural resources; Threats: widespread intervention of foreign countries, reduction of national security, and lack of interaction with global economy; Strengths: formation of the middle class, social institutionalization, order and modern state; Weaknesses: lack of seriousness in receiving tax, concentration of resources in the hands of the government, and non-formation of indepdent social groups can be mentioned.

Nowadays, the importance of oil and the considerable wealth of its sale is no secret to anyone, since the wealth had always social, economic, cultural and political consequences in the process of moving toward development (in all its dimensions) in the exporting countries of this God-given source, so-called rentier states. This important issue, in turn, doubles the necessity of investigating the implications of the process and its impact on the process of moving toward development dimensions, given the socio-political conditions associated with the states in these countries. Iran’s economy has relied on oil wealth for many years, and that oil economy has always had some functions in the country’s development path. Thus, this study attempts to investigate the threats of rentierism and political development of the Islamic Republic of Iran by a Delphi method. According to the results, the major threats of rentierism in the political development of the Islamic Republic of Iran can be a lack of seriousness in collecting taxation from the people versus a lack of the state accountability to the nation, concentration of the major revenue sources in the hands of the state, and nonexistence of independent social groups, independence of the state from society, widespread intervention of foreign countries, a decline in national security and a lack of engagement with the global economy.

The purpose of this article is to examine the effects of rentier government on participatory patterns in Iran. The theory of Rentier government is the main approach of the article. The research method is comparative, and the technique of collecting information is documented. In this article the economic characteristics of Iran is examined. The results show that Iran has a Rentier economy that is highly dependent on the sale of oil. Rentier revenues have made Iran's governments not much dependent on tax revenues, and not dependent on the demands of the classes and social groups. The political participation of Iran has been influenced by the Rentier economy, and three participatory models have emerged in Iran, which are: (A) The pattern of antagonism that its followers are excluded from political participatory process; (B) The Political Non-Support Participation that is continually being absorbed and excluded from the mainstream of political power in Iran; (C) The Political Support Participation that is responsible for the production and reproduction of political forces who are followers of the political system; As a result of the supports by political system for the followers of this movement, they have achieved a comprehensive participatory pattern and a complete cycle of political participation.

For years researchers have associated the developmental problems of countries possessing natural resources like oil with the very fact of the possession of such resources. The numerous studies of this field have mostly focused on the theories of the Rentier State and the Resource Curse. Today, with the advent of empirical research and theoretical criticism, there is little doubt with regards to the shortcomings of the classic theories of the field. The latest research has also attempted to mitigate the extremes of the classic theories of rentierism which usually cover a limited scope of the suggested outcomes of rentierism, and such theories have not formed a comprehensive and elaborate theory, nor have they presented an appropriate ideal type of the rentier state for historical investigations. The present paper presents a critical survey of the literature on rentierism, focusing on one main question: how can this theory be improved? With respect to this question, at first, rentierism literature will be reviewed, then the institutionalist theory of Douglass North shall be introduced. By recognizing the advantages and disadvantages of both theories, the present paper goes on to formulate new conceptual framework named the "Rentier Limited Access Order". Not only is this framework rooted in both theories, but it also goes beyond them and delivers new insights with which rentier states can be studied.

This paper seeks to examine the impact of rentier state on the process of privatization in post-revolution Iran. In this regard, the budget share of state-owned companies from the total budget of the country is considered as an index of privatization, and the state's 40 percent dependence on natural resources rents as an indicator of rentier state. Accordingly, the main question of this paper is how has the rentier state affected the process of privatization in Iran after the revolution? In response to this question, the hypothesis of the present paper is that the rentier state has increased the size of the state in the economy through two factors, i.e. increasing the size of the state's general budget and regulation. this, combined with Article 44 of the Constitution, resulted in failure of privatization. The research approach adopted in this paper is of qualitative nature, the character of this paper is qualitative, its method is analytical-descriptive, its approach is political economy, and the information gathering tool is documentary type.

Governmental budgeting in any country is influenced by four main social groups that’s mean voters (or suppliers costs), political team (shapers costs) Bureaucrats (price donors) and are pressure groups (direction makers). As aspect of public view. These groups not behave differently from each other and in own function continuously will be given to private interests. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between political participation (Percent of voters in presidential election) and Resource allocation in Iran. This study as aspect of nature and method is descriptive – analytical. There for were used fund Data related to between 1997, 2002, 2006, 2010 and 2012 and province voters' percentage of presidential election in four periods. For analyzing data were applied quantitate methods such as correlation analysis, regression analysis, ANOVA.the results show that there is significant correlation between fund allocation and political participation of province (the percent of voters in presidential election) as the allocated funds between 1997, 2002, 2006, 2010 and 2012 years with the percent of voters in presidential election in order of 0.741, 0.766, 0.606, 0.466 and 0.482 Correlation is significant at the level 0.01. Also the results of ANOVA and regression analysis confirmed this issue.

Iran’s national income has been relied substantially on oil since 1960s. This study examines the state’s policy-making on bureaucracy institution in two varying time periods: 1972–1976 and 2004 –2009. These are two time periods that represent fundamental differences from historical, ideological and structural perspectives. Accordingly, this study examines whether the effects of oil income on state’s policy-making in bureaucracy institution vary across these two time periods. Theoretically, the present study is based on the weak state theory developed by Karl Lynn Terry. It refers to the state’s weak institutional frameworks and the lack of efficient infrastructures established over a long historical time. Methodologically, this study employs the comparative retrospective method and uses the technique of path dependency and the method of agreement table developed by Mill in order to compare research findings.
According to the results of this study, there are almost similar patterns of state’s policy-making on bureaucracy institution in two varying time periods: 1972–1976 and 2004 –2009. Further, the results from a historical perspective indicate that the weak state is the most important factor, while the partial effect of two other factors, including the presence of rentier state and the spectacular increase in oil price, should be also taken into account.

From 40’s on, Iran has earned most of its revenue from oil. Oil prices have seen multiplying increases in certain periods. During the time of these increases, contrary to the expectation that this increased revenue be spent on development, the policies employed by the state have created more issues and problems for the country. The state policies during oil booms have a direct effect on social institutions and the institutional framework. In this study, the effect of state policies on social institutions of economy and politics during the years 1973-1977 and 2005-2010 shall be investigated. The main question of the study is the reason for the similarities in state policies for social institutions during these two periods. The purpose is to recognize the reasons regarding why these two governments, despite their ideological, structural and historical differences, have taken similar decisions during oil price shocks, and that these policies produce similar results. In order to investigate the issue at hand, Terry Lynn Karl’s Weak State theory has been used, and the Rentier State theory has been employed as an essential reason but not a sufficient one. The method of study is comparative-historical. The path-dependency technique has been used for the historical study of the weak state, and to compare the findings a contingency table has been created. The findings show that through the historical study of the issue, the weak state presents itself as the main reason, and the rentier state and the multiplication of oil prices serve as essential reasons but not sufficient ones regarding the issue

The subject of this paper is the development of national economy, with the main question of “How can we explain the political barriers of the development of national economy in Iran (1989-2004)? In order to solving the problem, we refered to the theories of development by categorizing and critically evaluating. Then we formulated the theoretic apparatus, which is synthesis of Left-witch theory of developmental state, Rentier state theory and short-term society of Katouzian. By operational definition of the concepts of theoretic apparatus, for the purpose of data collection, we used documentary analysis. As for the method as judgment, narrative analysis was applied to analyze the so-called phenomenon as a historical case and to consider it as a research exemplar with the purpose of causal explanation of underdevelopment in Iran. The resareh findings showed that in the case of Rentier state and short-term policy making, development of national economy is weak.