جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « زبان شناسی اجتماعی » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

The primary objective of this research is to investigate the shift in naming patterns from religious (Arabic) to national (Iranian) names over the past three decades in Birjand. Various factors, including social, cultural, historical and political influences, as well as individuals’ awareness of the social-cultural function of names, are expected to significantly impact this tendency and influence the attitudes of parents and families. This study aims to explore the factors that have contributed to the preference for Iranian names for children in the last two decades, employing a social linguistics perspective within the specific context of Birjand. The research seeks to address the following research questions:What changes have occurred in the selection of names for girls and boys in families residing in Birjand over the past two decades? Which factors have played a significant role in shaping the attitudes of parents toward choosing Iranian names for their children in Birjand during the last two decades? The hypotheses of the current research are as follows:The selected names are changing, with a tendency towards national (Iranian) names over religious (Arabic) ones, and combined (national-religious) ones. Cultural, social, political and economic factors, as well as the level and type of education, social status, and the religious/non-religious background of the family are influential in changing attitudes. Extensive research has been conducted on the process of selecting names for newborns from the perspective of social linguistics in various countries, including Iran. These studies have provided interesting insights, examining aspects such as semantic meanings, religious and national identity, ethnicity, culture, and history. The present research focuses on the transformation of child naming from religious to national over the past three decades.

This research is a theoretical-documentary study. In the theoretical aspect, extensive studies were conducted in the field of social linguistics by searching scientific databases, digital libraries, and internet content and sources, yielding significant results. For the documentary aspect, data was collected from documents and registration books at the Civil Registration Organization of South Khorasan Province in Birjand city, specifically the names of individuals. The research data, including the names of girls and boys, were collected based on registered documents and records.The collected names were categorized as religious, national, and mixed (national and religious). The statistical population of this research includes all children’s names related to births from the beginning of 1991 to the end of 2020, registered in the Civil Registration Organization of Birjand city. The statistical sample under study includes the total number of names used in this period (including repeated names), which amounts to 171855 names of girls and boys.Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) with the help of SPSS software. Changes in naming in the studied community were addressed based on decades, followed by a comprehensive analysis of these three decades (the last 30 years). The analysis of names was based on three categories: religious names, national names, and mixed names (national-religious) registered in the Civil Registration Organization of Birjand.

The findings of the research include the names of boys and girls from the beginning of 1999 to the end of 2019 in Birjand city. The collected names were divided into three groups: national, religious and mixed (national-religious) names.

Based on the collected data and their analysis, it was concluded that the reason for choosing religious names in the sixties and seventies was the religious beliefs and sentiments in the families, as well as the spiritual-religious atmosphere prevailing in the first years of the Islamic Revolution and the ideals of this system. Parents chose religious names for their children based on the names of religious figures. In Birjand, due to reasons such as the religiosity of the families and the traditional lifestyle, most of the names were traditional-religious names in the first decades of the Islamic Revolution. Among the collected data, the presence of national-patriotic names was remarkably low and not much variety was observed. With the advancement of education level, socio-cultural, economic, political connections, etc., parents’ vision and attitude broadened, which led to a significant change in their attitude toward choosing names for their children. In the last two decades (the eighties and nineties in the Persian calander), especially in the nineties, they preferred national-patriotic names to religious names for their sons and daughters. The transformation, progress and expansion in the field of media and technology that is evident all over the world had a tremendous impact on this matter in Birjand city, which can be dramatically felt. As a result of these developments and extensive transformation and increasing the level of awareness of families in all cultural-social fields, the choice and use of national (Iranian) names increased significantly in the last two decades, especially in the nineties. Religious names showed a significant decline, however.

 The study investigates the phenomenon of globalization and its relevance to changing the first names of university students to see the tendency of new identity in both sexes and to identify the motivations of changing according to socio-onomastic approach. The method is descriptive - analytic and the second name was examined by 459 of university students in Tehran. The findings indicated that among those who changed their names were 22.5 % of the boys and 77.5 % of the girls . The male students are more likely to belong to the national identity and female students to the transnational identity . The male students have often changed their names from ancient religious names to a new one or a national identity but Female students have changed their religious and national names to transnational identity and it shows significant differences. And also Among the motivations stated among the male and girl students respectively , personal interest ( intrinsic motivation ) and promotion of prestige ( external motivation ) was the most important factor. This study showed that sociolinguistics and especially socio-onomastic is capable of observing social transformations including identity changes and is able to reach to the answer of both linguists and sociologists questions. Identity transformation and Changing the Person’s Name; Observing Social Changes in the Field of Social Onomastics ABSTRACT This study investigates the phenomenon of globalization and its relevance to changing the names of university students to see the tendency of new identity in both sexes and to identify the motivations of changing the names according to the field of onomastics. The population of the study is the students of the university of tehran .The research is quantitative survey with descriptive approach and the method done for choosing the universities of Tehran was purposive and for university students was convenience sampling. Among the 1609 questionnaire gathered from university students, it is shown that the second name was choosen by 459 of them. The findings indicated that among those who changed their names were 22.5 % of the boys and 77.5 % of the girls. The results showed that there is a tendency for national identity in boys and transnational identity in girl students . There is also a shift in the name from the old religious names to the new one as well as to the national identity of the boys , while on the other hand, female students tended to shift from national and religious to transnational one. For the motivations stated among the male and girl students respectively , personal interest and also to have Iranian names ( intrinsinc and extrinsic motivation ) and promotion of prestige, then beutifulness ( intrinsic motivation ) was the most important factor.

The purpose of this article is to identify and analyze the effect of cultural categories as an effective factor in the development and determination of grammatical gender in languages having grammatical gender. The category under consideration in this study is the category of tools as a very ancient category in human history. For this purpose, 330 common tools in German and Russian were examined in terms of grammatical gender. In this particular case, the Chi-square test showed a significant difference in the frequency of females in the instruments between the two languages; with a statistic of 9.332 and significance level of 0.002. Therefore, based on the theoretical framework used in this study, namely cultural linguistics, it was found that the cultural identity of the German speakers towards "woman", from the perspective of the above said framework, is more gendered and instrumental than the Russian speakers. This study did not have a diachronic approach and all analyzes were presented synchronically. A closer examination of cultural categories can explain much more complex issues of a linguistic community's culture or their cultural cognition and recognize cultural linguistics as a valid framework for linguistic research. It is obvious that the hypothesis raised in this study needs to be tested on a larger number of languages having grammatical gender to obtain the scientific validity of a theory.

Twitter is getting into Iranian life with an accelerating speed. Its Persian members are growing and youths are using it more and more as a platform of socialization and communication. Recently, changes in this young generation language have been addressed in the form of vulgarism and sexual words. It is easily noticeable even in public places and spheres. Twitter as a public sphere has been monitored by this research in order to see if this linguistic change is objective and real. Is there any identity movement behind this sudden change of language usage between Iranians. What properties does this change have?In order to do so, we applied a socio-linguistic approach within an anthropological aspect to assess such an incident. With a qualitative method of content analysis, we analyzed the numerical distributions and quantity of These sexual insults in Twitter of which Persian Language users have posted.This research orients around a possible hypothesis of the emergence of new identities among Iranians with anti-language, anti-discourse or anti-ideology as indicator signs.

In this essay it is tried to study the placement and usage of Persian and Kurdish languages in Awramanat (Paveh, Javanrood, Ravansar and Salas – e – Babajani townships.Based on this among the statistical community (four townships of Awramanat), 450 examinees are selected randomly as samples. In this essay adjusted questionnaire of Parasher's research pattern (1980) was used. The examinees were asked to mark Persian or Kurdish language in Social , family , friendship , vicinity , trade , education and administration realms according to a four choices scale which its choices are "Always" , "Often" , "Sometimes " and "Never". The questionnaire has 36 questions which ranked from informal to formal according to the realms' formality. When the questionnaires gathered data processed by computer. T-test, pair test and One –way analysis of variance are statistical methods used to analyze the findings of the essay. Analysis of findings shows that differences in using the two languages (Persian and Kurdish) by different age, education and gender groups and married people whose spouse is Kurd or is not Kurd are meaningful statistically in such a way that young and educated people use Persian more than others in administration , education and friendship realms more than other realms.

The manifestation of gender inequality can be studied in different areas. Social linguistics is an interdisciplinary field that looks at language as a cultural and social phenomenon. In this regard, the difference speech between men and women in society and the use of the special vocabulary of these two genders and in general the gender of the language is studied . In this article, we will examine the gendered language in SuzaniSamarqandi’s poetry through the method of analyzing the quality of content and in terms of social linguistics. The results of the research indicate that the gendered vocabulary are used with frequency in Samarqandi’s poetry. The words that the gender dimension of women is evident into them, and most of these words have become as intrigues by men. The poet uses vocabularies for men, which does not equate for women in Farsi language and combining excellence with a gender perspective and creating a language which come froms a man-centered community and culture. It should be noted that the male-dominated poetry of the poet’s language reflect her gendered language and, consequently, the poet’s gender community.

One of the ways to study linguistic changes in society is to study the cultural products of the community, such as stories, novels, musical productions, films and series; furthermore, gender, in particular, gender representation of women is the media interest with a significant role. Representation of women varies in different cultures, and the way of portraying a woman is influenced by the particular cultural look to its role and stance. The current paper aims at investigating women's representation in Shahrzad series from the perspective of Sociolinguistics. To this end, sequences of the series, which are closely linked to the subject of research, namely gender-based linguistic interaction, have been selected and analyzed using the Barrett's three-dimensional semiotic analysis method, woman's representation, as well as the linguistic status of women against men from the perspective of Sociolinguistics. The most significant results show the representation of the type of linguistic control by women, the men language superiority to the inferiority of the language of women; the inferiority as a result of women linguistic absence, as well as sexuality in linguistic communication, which is based on ideology and patriarchal discourse in society.

It is important to study the language of the prison and the common terms and terms in this language from a sociological, psychological, linguistic, and criminological point of view. In the present study, we study the phonetic aspect of prison language and examine themost important phonetic processes in this language with respect to the four social variables of gender, age, education, and social status. Objective observation and interviewing methods have been used for data collection. The data includes 615 common terms in the language of male prisoners and 496 common terms in the language of female prisoners (a total of 1111cases). The total number of prisoners interviewed was 70, of which 20 were women and all were from Rey Prison, 50 of them were male, and were fromfour prisons in Rajaja Shahr, Ghezelhasar, Fashafiyeh and Tehran. The results of the research show that the most important phonological processes in the language of the prison are: homogeneity, abdominal, insertion, removal and heart. None of these processes have a meaningful relationship with gender variable, but three phonetic procedures of abdol, elimination and heart have a significant relationship with age, education and social status variables, while the two processes of integration and inclusion do not have a meaningful relationship with these variables.

One of man’s engagements has always been social communication for which he has sought to find various means such as old inscriptions on the walls of caves and the more modern graffiti. As a form of communication, bumper stickers reflect mindsets, emotions, and socio-cultural views of people. The reflection of deep socio-cultural issues through bumper stickers has unfortunately been underestimated in linguistic research. The current study aimed to analyze bumper stickers as an effective tool for the expression of socio-cultural ideas and meanings. 2312 bumper stickers were collected randomly over a long period of time. They were content analyzed and categorized into 15 categories. They were also described in terms of Hymes’ ethnography of communication. The results of the analyses revealed that religious and inspirational bumper stickers were the most frequent and the political and critical ones were the least frequent. Statistically significant differences were found between these categories of bumper stickers. The studies also showed how bumper stickers convey significant meanings through their setting, participant, end, act, key, instrumentality, norms, and genres.

Since the advent of Iranian cinema, numerous films have been made and recognized as Kolah Makhmali films. Those film could survive through different eras of Iranian cinema by intentional usage of various elements of popular culture. It has attracted common –and sometimes elite- audiences and fiscally propelled Iranian cinema. In this research, explanation of national cinema production and rejection of cultural elitism are based on the ideas of Erwin Panofsky on three stratas of subject matter and the difference between iconography and iconology. Although Panofsky’s method of analyzing images was limited to visual arts in the beginning, its convincing power caught eyes of other forms of art critics. Under the influence of iconography concept, his followers in cinema believe that a true understanding of film only can be achieved by knowledge of the themes which are always considered as common knowledge for ordinary audiences. This research also studies the usage of those ideas on iconographical approach in film studies. The evolution of Kolah Makhmali films has been explained by its iconographical and iconological elements. Three stratas of meaning have been explained in this genre, then it shows how these films could be analyzed as national cinema and they have a substantial position in national film studies. These films have a historical awareness of audience’s interest and they use visual elements of popular culture and also have a conceptual approach toward the gentlemanhood and chivalry rituals and culture.

Using the post-formalism as a method، and based on socialinguistics approach، the present article studies Blind Owl as a sociolect and effects of some aspects of Iranain socity texture. Sociolinguistics is the descriptive study of the effect of any and all aspects of society، including cultural norms، expectations، and context، on the way language is used، and the effects of language use on society. Novels، in modern literary criticism، are considered as lingual forms showing، clearly، the bilateral relationship between speech acts and parol forms. Based on this understanding، the novel، as an intentional hybridization of language، creates an artistic image of the various socio-lects existing in competition with each other، just as the sign، is dialogic in nature. So، it is the novel multi-voiced. The authors with emphasis on tripel elements “contextuality، cronotope and dialogue logic” have studied the novel and explaind that unlike common discourse; This novel cronologicaly does not refer to a defined socio-political context in Iranain society. Recently، according to some findings in reserches، the authors have claimed that Blind Owl context comes back to specified priods such as preislamist or Reza Shah dynasty. Based on the presnt research findigs، because of the lack of defined historical elements in Bilnd Owl، it is so hard to retrived a specific historical context. Furthermore، the monologue dominaited in this novel، in fact، should be considered as a social monophony. From this perspective، not a butcher knife in the novel is a symbol of Reza Shah، and not Shahre Ray، bride cities of the world، is the last fortress that was destroyed by nomadic Arabs. Blind Owl، similar to any monologue text، is an internal dialogue of a great writer who was disillusioned from Iranian everyday life. In monologism، ‘truth’، constructed abstractly and systematically from the dominant perspective، is allowed to remove the rights of consciousness. Each subject’s ability to produce autonomous meaning is denied. Qualitative difference is rendered quantitative. This performs a kind of discursive ‘death’ of the other، who، as unheard and unrecognised، is in a state of non-being. The monological word gravitates towards itself and its referential object. The authors in this article claim to have، and contrary to common belief، Bakhtin''s polyphonic pattern is not true for Blind Owl by Sadegh Hedayat. The monologue of writher/ narrator shapes the main characteristic of this novel and even sounds of social content that heard from it، have not independent availability and so these voices at least are the echoes of the author''s mind. In the final analysis، Blind Owl may reflect some aspects of socioliguistic behaviors، such as reproveing the everyday life and the absence of choronotops in the Iranian society. The chronotope is a concept used in literary theory and philosophy of language to describe how configurations of time and space are represented in language and discourse. This weakness in Iranian socio-political behaviors reveals key issues about the obstacle of democracy and civil socity in Iran. This hypothesis must be considered in further debates.

Language is the basic element of culture and is affected by the socio-cultural changes, in general and by wars, as the most important social phenomena, in particular. This discussion aims at studying the impacts and consequences of the War, such as migration and language interference by applying migration and social linguistics theories.
To collect data, a field study method is employed and the research techniques are participatory observation and narrative interview. The research population is the Sar Poul Zahab's inhabitants, a city which is located in Kermanshah province, Iran. Findings show that migration, as a considerable consequence of the War plays a key role in cultural changes which in turn lead to changes in the other aspects of life, such as language. To sum it up, it should be said that in the mentioned area we see new forms of linguistic concepts, some language interference, language death and recreation of folklore in the intercultural communication of this area.

This article considers literature with all its literary obligations as a narration of language and analyzes two generations of authors while focusing on the gender variable. In this research two pairs of literary texts within the period of forty years are analyzed using discourse analysis and speech from formalist school of literature, in order to extract the literary and gender features. The article deals with the question of what are the characteristics of the writings of men and women in fields such as degree of movement in literary text criteria, departure from terms outside standard language including usage of archaic terms, indigenous terms, creation of new terms or proximity to central trends of language and culture such as usage of expressions and idioms in two generations of authors. This study reveals that in analyzed texts, men have not been more successful or closer to the creation literary term but they have done it in a more different style than women, Men have turned to laborious writing compared to women, whereas the women’s writings are more versatile and fluent while maintaining literary criteria. It is also worth mentioning that the movement of the two generations of authors in the course of time has been to assimilate and approximate to each other. In other words male authors have departed from rules of laborious writing more than male authors of previous generation and female authors have departed from versatile writing more than female authors of previous generation. Regarding terms and expressions women have been loyal to regional and indigenous language while men have been loyal to standard language. With respect to creation of new terms no difference was seen between two genders. Considering usage of laborious terms, the second generation has used less as compared with the previous generation, although the subject of these laborious terms is different. On the whole we can conclude that male and female authors have departed from extremist features of their previous generation and are moving towards a common aim although their starting point are different.