جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "کارگزار" در نشریات گروه "علوم اجتماعی"

A lot of references to leadership and the role of leaders in the prosperity of the society, both in religious sources and in the thoughts of the leaders of the Islamic Republic, show the necessity of developing a comprehensive program for the training of leaders, to use the thoughts of Muslim thinkers who have tried to apply Islamic principles in their thought; is also needed. In the meantime, Ghazali's thoughts are important as one of the top Islamic thinkers, considering the numerous letters he has in connection with the advice to rulers and their guidance, as well as the training of governors. Therefore, the effort of this research will be to review using Ghazali's works and writings. on his thoughts regarding the education of leaders, and in a more precise sense, this research seeks an answer to the question, "What implications does Ghazali's thought have for the education of leaders?" In order to answer this question, this research has extracted and analyzed the contributions and then the implications related to the training of leaders from Ghazali's thought by using the method of research on implications. Finally, the characteristics of a desirable leader, the factors of training a leader, as well as the methods of training a leader in Ghazali Ehsa's thought have been presented in the form of a conceptual diagram.

As a comparative study of the relationship between political parties and economic development during the Pahlavi and after the Islamic revolution in Iran, this article deals with the course of economic and political developments in the form of development plans in order to describe and analyze the relationship between parties as an indicator of political development and economic plans. In terms of methodology, the research is of a qualitative and analytical type, which is done in a documentary way. The Pahlavi II regime was interested in the party system of the state until a one-party system was established, and economic development was usually done with the consultation and supervision of the king. Civil and economic planning was also within the framework of the White Revolution and its nineteen-point charter and construction plans that were compiled by the Planning and Budget Organization, and the parties had no involvement in the planning system. During the Islamic Revolution, the country's development plans were compiled in the form of five-year plans, and the Program and Budget Organization was the main agent in preparing and compiling the plan. The Islamic Republic Party was the most comprehensive revolutionary and Islamic party, but due to the differences caused by the political attitude and orientation, it did not have an impact on the economic system. The reduced parties of the development programs were also ineffective. So that the most alignment and the best performance can be found in the third, first, second, fifth and fourth plans after revolution.

In this article, the nature, definitions and relationship between creativity and innovation are examined and strategies for its development in public relations are studied through documentary methods. Far from creativity and innovation, public relations is introduced in this article as an institution without dynamism and caught in the problems caused by everyday life. The purpose of writing is the pathology of the growth of creativity and innovation in a scientific and practical way in public relations. In this research, different types of creativity and innovation in public relations are extracted and the work areas and tasks of this communication institution under the influence of creative and innovative mind are introduced. The role of managers in the creativity and innovation of public relations agents, along with suggestions for managers' behaviors in this regard, is one of the findings of this article. The present article insists on the individual and psychological role of the public relations agent in creating creative and innovative thinking in himself and introduces individual and psychological barriers along with social barriers as the most important barriers to the growth and flourishing of creativity and innovation in public relations. The role of creative and innovative thinking in the implementation of various techniques with the aim of preparing, organizing and implementing a coherent and successful public relations program is also examined in this article.

Broker or manpower and management is one of the most important elements of any organization, especially in the field of mass media activities. Due to the religious and value nature of the Islamic Revolution and based on the goals and responsibilities defined in the system of the Islamic Republic for the media, including the Radio and Television, the Radio and Television of the Islamic Republic of Iran is a goal-oriented and task-oriented media. How to manage human resources, in other words, the agent and management in the Islamic Revolution-style media, especially radio and television from the perspective of the leaders of the Islamic Revolution, is the main question of this article. Which we intend to examine in an inferential way because it is not directly explained by leaders. The main reliance of the inferential method is on understanding and analyzing the works and expressions of the desired personalities within the framework of their school of thought and the theory of nature. Using the theory of nature in the media, precise criteria and indicators for the main elements of the media; That is, the broker, management and human resources are provided. The author, considering the framework of the theory of nature and looking at the four causes, which is taken from Islamic philosophy, He believes that the media of the Islamic Revolution as an event has four ultimate causes, actual, material and formal. The meaning of broker and manager in the media of the style of the Islamic Revolution is the same as the actual cause of the four causes, which includes two parts: broker and manager, and consequently media management. And according to the theory of nature and the anthropological view of Imam Khomeini (RA) and Ayatollah Khamenei, for the media of the style of the Islamic Revolution, it is necessary to have a brokerage that is ruled by reason. And with the help of religion and reason, he brings other forces under the control of reason and religion and by using the necessary facilities and requirements, to strive for excellence and happiness for himself and the media audience and to reach nearness to God.

If the democratic politics aims people`swell-informed participation in determining the public destiny,then media to have importance as the medium for relationship between citizens and government.at the same timethis problematic arises that, especially with respect tothe media proliferation of the age of cyberization of culture, whether the increasing virtualization of contemporary “life- world” will lead to a progressive politics focused on autonomy of the citizens, or,with respect to the informative impulsion of the age of cyber, to confusion and detachment of them and, even worse, a techno-electronic politics in controlling society. This paper is to explore the problematic taking advantage of structure/agent approach. Also, after exploring the two approaches, i.e. direct electronic democracy vs. the death of politics in the cyber culture, a conception of media-driven democracy as an alternative for the current democracy is presented. Ultimately, the media is likened to Janus with both positive and negative potentiality for democratic action.

Since the formation of absolutist state by King Reza in Iran، there are so many approaches about how it has formed. There are، generally، two main approaches that stand against each other. One approach is monarchism، and its advocates، by following Marcs Weber، believe that King Reza’s absolutism state can be considered as monarchism، and choose an elitism approach. In contrast، some people insist on structural factors. In their opinion، structures play an important role in absolutism state formation and the agent (King Reza) cannot be so important. In this study، Gidenz structuration approach has been adopted that might be a medium approach; we tried to investigate the reciprocal role of structure and agent. Structuration is a method that concentrates on both the agent’s role in context، and cooperative and reciprocal transaction between structure and agent. With these considerations، the present article has been organized around two central questions: How to make and adopt an intermediate approach: and How the absolutist state was formed?

The knowledge clan had a special position in the East of Iran from the far past that by reaching to the authority of Qajar rule, their status as a local governorship has been stabilized and strengthened. In spite of the existence of power struggle in this period between two superpowers of that era, that is to say, England and Russia, the flux of the East problem (The Great Game) and the contention of some local rulers with Qajar government, the family of Khazimeh not only continue to its survival, but also exceed their position and status. The inquiry of this research is the investigation of the reason of status retention of the knowledge clan still at the end of Qajar epoch in this region. The hypothesis of this writing is that there is two structures in the course of the Great Game. The first structure is the colonial powers like the Russia and England and the second structure is the central government of Qajar. The role of the knowledge clan is as an official agent, intermediator and balance establishers of the superpowers and the central government profits and this same function guarantees their survival and extension of their domain of power in this period.

Theories that explain social phenomena can be categorized based on their stress onagent or structure as: agent-oriented theories, structure-oriented theories, orborderline theories that attempt to find a third way. Voluntarists (including rationalchoice theorists) stress on the role of the agent. On the other hand, structuralists andpost-structuralists stress on the role of the structure. However, the structuration andcritical realism theories try to find equilibrium of the past two views.The weak point of voluntarism is the reduction of complex issues to the role ofpeople in the society and history. The discourse theories well depict how the subjectturns into object in the heart of the discourse. On the other hand, the weak point ofstructuralism is ignoring the role of people. Instead, the borderline theories (thirdcategory) do not suffer from the limitations of the other mentioned theories andoverall seem more defendable.