جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "یونان" در نشریات گروه "علوم اجتماعی"

The approach of contemporary western historians to the term "Philhellen" on the coins of the Parthian kings has two types of interpretation. Some consider the superiority of Greek culture to Persian culture in Parthian period and it is considered as kind of unconditional and cultural surrender to Greek culture. Some other viewpoints, most of which are based on the later Western historians’ viewpoints, are that this term was used as a "political trick" by Parthian kings in order to control the Greek settlers in their territory. In this view, the use of the term on Parthian coins has not meant the unconditional surrender of Iranian culture to Greek culture, and its whole meaning hasn’t been summed up in political goals, necessarily. What was created during helenism and especially under the influence of stoic thoughts and its Iranian roots of thought was a global approach to the concept of humanity, which was fundamentally different from that of the Greeks before. This issue was compatible with Iranians’ perception from global society that was rooted in Zoroastrian thoughts in Achaemenid period. Thus, the Parthian kings, using this interpretation, in fact, admire a kind of Greek culture that has a global and non-transcendental attitude towards human society and so that, paved the way for its absorption in Iranian culture. This paper aims to provide a moderate judgment with cultural-socialogical approach by showing the cultural difference between Greeks and Iranians in Hellenistic period and before that, using literary and archaeological evidence, with descriptive-analytical method.

Before coming Persians as conquerors to Asia Minor, Greek societies who lived in western Asia Minor had limited knowledge about Persian and Median culture and traditions. Their information usually had transferred by native habitants in Asia Minor. After Establishment of the Achaemenid Empire, Persians and Medians appeared in Anatolia and their societies habited in many places there. These societies expanded their culture and traditions. Because of their existence in high level of government organs, the political power of these people helps them to waste their culture. One of cultural elements was historiography. Although, Greek and Persian historiography has basic differences but Iranian and oriental tradition has affected in Greek historiography. Persian cultural manner in this historiography is so beheld. The other subject is the difference of Historical tradition of Ionia and Greece. In this article, we tried to show that these two traditions are deferent. Writing the history in Greece was depended to Ionic Historiography. so we can't say that the birthplace of historiography is Greece. In this paper we showed some Persian elements in Asia Minors' Historical traditions, and then we compared Persian and Greek Historical traditions in Anatolia. Finally we tried to show that how and when Greek Historiography was found and what was the role of the Persians in the formation of Greek historiography.

Naonality of the mother of Imam Reza (AS) has been raised as a marginal issue in some resources and there have been different views in this regard. Invesgang the naonality of this Lady can both result in discovering a historical fact and preparing the ground forpresenng a greater hypothesis and a more correct answer to the queson that why the mothers of seven of the Imams (AS) were slavesfrom various naonalies. Using a historical -analycal approach and tradional reasoning, the present study deals with the hypothesis about theGreeknaonality of this Lady that is raised for the first me.The findings show that Lady Najmeh (Arvi)was a non-Arab Greek slave with light-colored complexion,brilliant face, and reddish-yellow hair,who lived in Nobah and was purchasedfrom Aqsa alMaghreb. It is likely that her ancestors were amongthe Greek people who, advised by Aristotle, migrated to Soqutra by the command of Alexander. Titles such as Shaqra’, Safra’, Saqra,Saqar,descripon of producve and Imam’s (AS) companions’ wonderatpurchasing her, the tradion of Baqat that is a Hellenisc term, etc. are among the reasons that prove her Greek naonality .

In pre-Islamic rituals and religions many goddesses used to be worshiped especially in the civilizations of Mesopotamia, Elam and Greece. A number of gods such as fertility god, grain god, land god, agriculture god, and water god were female. Several temples were built to worship them. However female gods were not very powerful and goddesses received a part of their power from male gods. The goddesses had the minor power and in particular conditions they were defeated by male gods. Indeed the power of male and female gods was affected by men’s desire for superiority. This research has been conducted by survey_ explanation method and tries to examine factors influencing sacred views towards women in ancient civilization of Mesopotamia, Elam and Greece to pay. Although there were also female gods in countries such as Iran and Egypt, many of them were influenced by the Mesopotamian civilization. It seems that woman’s power of birth giving and her early relationship with the emergence of agriculture have been important in view towards woman to be sacred.

In the Renaissance period، the European humanists objected to the despotic ruling of the middle age church، and started studying and reading ancient Greek texts. In a process of rebirth، they used the golden age mythology of ancient Greek as the base of their evolutionary movement، moving toward humanistic development and growth. The Renaissance man period believed that the despotic ruling of the church in the Middle Ages has resulted in a blind following which resulted in preventing the growth of talents. So objecting the middle ages'' tyranny، they began to seek the roots of the western man''s abilities in their Greek ancestors and honored the myths before Christ as the first heritage of the Western people. The present article is to entertain some of the values contributing to the modern Western society steaming from mythological heritage of ancient Greece. The contributing areas involved، are anthropology، sociology، politics، urbanization، and Europe centralism.