جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « civil liberties » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

This article presents a cross-national analysis for empirically testing the theory of resource mobilization to explain political violence. According to the original formulation of the resource mobilization theory, if dissatisfied people remain unorganized and without resources; and if the rulers can raise the costs of insurgent actions to a sufficient level, failure and widespread dissatisfaction can never lead to political violence alone. In order to make this theory testable, several stages of reasoning were established until finally this hypothesis was formulated as a representation of the theory of resource mobilization that regime repression has a non-linear or curvilinear relationship with political violence. In order to verify the empirical validity of this theory, the aforementioned hypothesis was confronted with secondary data from 147 countries in order to evaluate the degree of conformity and correspondence of the prediction of the resource mobilization theory with empirical evidence. In sum, the findings of this research were able to obtain serious and reliable support for the resource mobilization theory in explaining the cross-national variance of political violence.

Today, many developed and developing countries are struggling with an economic process called corruption in various dimensions. Experiences from different countries of the world show that corruption is a complex, hidden and diverse matter, and therefore its prevention must be continuous, long-term, coherent and with careful and comprehensive planning. Accordingly, this study was conducted with the aim of the role of political development and economic freedoms in preventing corruption.

The method of this research is a bit of a survey type. The statistical sample of the research is economic activists in Tehran, which is estimated to be 384 people using the Cochran's formula and the statistical information of the research has been collected by a researcher-made questionnaire. The indicators of economic freedoms, political rights, freedom of the media, civil liberties and the degree of democracy and the extent of prevention of corruption have been proven with the help of software (Amos Graphics) in a model with high validity.

The findings of this study show that the variables of economic freedoms, political rights, media freedom, civil liberties and the degree of democracy have a direct and significant effect on the prevention of corruption.

Based on the existing empirical findings and theoretical literature, the concept of corruption is related to the concept of democracy and the rule of law and institutions and civil law lead to the reduction of corruption and its prevention in the political and administrative system of a society.