جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « confrontation » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

The confrontation between Islamic and Western civilizations has several turning points: 1. the translation movement in the seventh century AD, 2. the outbreak of the Crusades from the late eleventh to late thirteenth centuries, and 3. the colonial era from the eighteenth century onward. This article examines the intellectual developments of the eighteenth century and beyond, as well as their effects on Muslim civilization. During this time period, the identity and lived experience of Muslims (Eastern, Islamic, and modern identities) were heavily influenced by the West; to the point where it sparked a tide of diverse thought patterns in Islamic societies. These schools of thought have developed in response to two major issues: first, modernity implies the abandonment or reinterpretation of religion, which necessitated the determination of religion’s position in the sociopolitical life of Muslims. Second, is secularization the prerequisite for development and progress, or, more philosophically, is the nature of development secular? What effect has confrontation with the West had on Muslim civilization, is the central query of the article. It appears that Muslims not only perceived and conceptualized each other (the West) differently, but also discovered distinct identities in another mirror. Faced with the West, various currents of thought have emerged in the Islamic world since the eighteenth century, which can be categorized into five distinct groups. 1) Following the Western direction; 2) Religious reform; 3) Nationalistic sentiments; 4) TraditionalismIslam; 5) Rethinking. In the era of multiculturalism, a rethinking approach based on critical acceptance rather than just confrontation or acceptance is one of the sensible ways to preserve the identity of Muslims. Consequently, reading the Islamic tradition and rebuilding its epistemological foundation, maintaining interactions in the field of needs without further rejection, and strengthening the foundations of understanding and thought can be a means of escaping the crises resulting from the confrontation between Islam and the West. The present investigation will employ qualitative content analysis.

Despite the decades of introduction of the concept of organized crime, no international-regional document has yet reached a clear and complete definition of these crimes. This type of crime with a variety of manifestations, complexity in the methods of perpetration and increasing expansion, consequences and harmful effects from political, security, economic and cultural aspects to countries and societies impose serious challenges at the national and international levels. Created. The special nature and leisure of time and place in committing organized crime; And the various dimensions of this phenomenon, the effective struggle and confrontation with it has faced challenges. In this study, an attempt has been made to systematically and historically examine the concepts of organized crime, to identify a specific concept of these crimes and to plan appropriate strategies to deal with them.

The present study is based on a descriptive-analytical method and based on documents and library sources, and in this regard, by studying international documents and domestic laws, with a practical purpose, the obtained information is analyzed. Is.

The results of the research show that after identifying and understanding the concept of organized crime - which is necessary to deal with any emerging phenomenon - to avoid going astray in the face of organized crime, we must pay attention to the dimensions This phenomenon includes "organizing illegal activities", "organizing criminal structures" and "organizing the social sphere (illegal governance)"; Preventive and repressive measures should be planned in accordance with each of these aspects.

The sworn enemies of the Islamic Republic of Iran do not spare any effort to confront this system. Dealing with the enemies and knowing the methods of dealing with the enemy is undeniable, and in this regard, using the orders, measures and instructions of the Supreme Command of the Armed Forces can be considered the best beacon for intelligence and security organizations.

The research method in this research is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative content analysis in terms of method. The statistical population of this study includes some analysts and experts of several intelligence and security organizations that according to their special characteristics, their number is about 200 people and the sample size was determined based on Cochran's formula of 127 people. The data of this study, which was based on 23 qualitative indicators, were provided to experts through a researcher-made questionnaire to determine priorities. SPSS and LISREL software were used for this research.

The findings of this study showed that according to the orders, measures and guidelines of the Supreme Command of the Armed Forces , intelligence and security organizations can use 23 methods to deal with enemies.

Among all the available propositions, the most important methods of dealing with the enemies based on the orders, measures and instructions of the Supreme Command of the Armed Forces are in order of priority: recognizing the main enemy; Develop all policies, behaviors and programs based on confrontation with the enemy; Attention to the resistance economy and livelihood problems; Infiltrate the enemy fence; Adherence to religion; Promoting insight and patience; Fighting corruption; Attention to the religious spirit and faith of subordinates; Promoting Islamic values ​​and lifestyle; Having a plan, motivation and thought to deal with enemies; Faith and hope for the future.

Coping with cultivation of poppy and hemp is One of the patterns of law enforcement is to deal with the supply of drugs, which can control the supply of drugs and increase the satisfaction of the people of the country. The main purpose of this research is to identify the most effective ways to deal with poppy cultivation and control.

‌This research ‌ has been done with a qualitative ‌ and ‌phenomenological Approach ‌. ‌Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. ‌Participants ‌In ‌This ‌Research included 20 ‌People ‌Of ‌Experts ‌Document ‌Drugs ‌And ‌Approached ‌People ‌who ‌Selected by Targeted ‌Sampling. Data analysis was performed in the form of analytical and cognitive phenomenological interpretation and based on common methods of analysis in qualitative studies and based on the same design.

The results of the above research show that this is the case. ‌However ‌All the methods in question ‌ are effective ‌ in the promotion of quantitative and qualitative measures related to the containment and detection of the crime in question, ‌But the effectiveness of ‌management ‌methods is more than others Because ‌the Effectiveness ‌and ‌Success of Other methods influence Achieving ‌‌to Determined goals  and the effectiveness of intelligence method was more than disciplinary and operational methods And technological and preventive methods and work as tools in promoting operational methods and, as a result, achieving the goals and objectives of managerial methods.

 Studies show that cyberspace sites and networks have become a safe haven for drug dealers and criminals. On the other hand, dealing with it also faces many challenges. The present study aimed to identify the challenges of police confrontation in the fight against drugs in cyberspace.

The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of type and method. The research method in this study is based on the method and nature of descriptive-analytical. Reliability above 70% responded.

The findings showed that among the existing challenges; Geographical challenges; Cultural; social; Political and economic issues are among the most important police challenges in the fight against drugs in cyberspace that need to be addressed.

The results of this study showed the challenges of geographical challenges; Cultural; social; Political and economic have the most impact, respectively.

In this study, the views of officials and stakeholders in the field of counternarcotics were analyzed according to the general policies of the system.

This research is applied in terms of purpose; And with a comparative approach and in terms of nature has a descriptive-analytical nature relying on the mixed method and using quantitative and qualitative methods so that both the library and documentary methods and the survey method and using the questionnaire and The Delphi in-depth interview method has also been used. The statistical population of the study includes 82 experts and senior experts of the NAJA Anti-Narcotics Police, the Presidential Anti-Narcotics Headquarters and the Judiciary, all of whom were included as statistical samples due to their availability.

The research findings indicate the impact of actors, process and policy environment in the implementation of general policies of the system in three areas of coping, structural and prevention.

The subcategories of each category were extracted based on the opinions of experts and a model was presented.