جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « cyberspace » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

Today, with the advancement of information and communication technology, the issue of the function of cyberspace has gained special importance, and its role in introducing religion cannot be ignored. The present research, titled "Explaining the Underlying Factors for the Emergence of Harm in the Virtual Propagation of Religious Teachings," aims to pathologize the hardware and software of the propagator, the time of propagation; social and cultural pathology of the audience in using cyberspace and the factors that prevent the realization of the goals of virtual propagation of religious teachings and challenge it. Harms that may not be observable but threaten the process of virtual propagation.

This research has used the library method and referred to written and documentary sources, using two categories of hardware and software resources, and has used the descriptive-analytical method to collect data and information.

The research findings can be stated in two categories of individual and social factors underlying the emergence of harm. The individual factors, which revolve around the propagator, are stated under three titles: cognitive weakness, skill weakness, and moral weakness, and the social factors are stated under two titles: managerial weakness of officials and enemy infiltration.

The main conclusion of the research is that the propagation of religious teachings in cyberspace is an undeniable necessity, but it is accompanied by harms, the prevention of which is the recognition of the underlying factors.

Women are part of the vulnerable sections of the society. Today, with the expansion of the virtual space, where some of the realities of human society have been transferred, some people use the image of women to pursue goals such as extortion, threats, making money, insulting their dignity. This issue has put women in a situation where if the right to their image in the virtual space is not protected, it will cause serious material and spiritual damage to different dimensions of their personality. This research has been written using documents and library sources, in a descriptive-analytical method, as well as by examining a number of cases and judgments issued by judges of the judiciary. The obtained results show that only in paragraph b of article 5 of the law on the method punishing persons who engage in unauthorized activities in audiovisual matters, approved in 2016, the right to the image of women is directly supported in special circumstances. Also, what has attracted the most attention of courts is the publication of obscene and vulgar images of women. In the judicial decisions, the legal protection of the right to image of women is more in direction of determining criminal punishments.

Managing cultural changes in the virtual space is inevitable since it is a place of conflict between power flows, especially the reputation system. Achieving desirable and sustainable cultural changes requires attention to changeability requirements. It means that ignoring these requirements can affect the process and content of changes. Based on this, the purpose of this article is to investigate and answer the question: What are the requirements of cultural changes through the fame of celebrities in the virtual space? The research is based on Husserl's descriptive phenomenology as well as Colaizzi's method (1978). The research population is those who are active in various fields of science, art, sports, and virtual space activism. Semi-structured and in-depth interviews were conducted with 16 people as a research sample using the criterion-dependent purposeful sampling method until the level of data saturation. The data were validated through external auditors, returning to the interviewees, and in-depth descriptions. The findings showed that the requirements of cultural changes through celebrities in the virtual space can be found at structural and content levels: in the dimensions of optimal networking, control of structural resistance, family changes, and social capital building in the form of structural requirements, and in the dimensions of cultural flow, cultural leadership and attention to social status in the form of content requirements. The results, in addition to showing the role of celebrities in cultural changes, emphasize the factors facilitating the influence of celebrity culture in the Iranian society.

Twitter is one of the social networking media that allows everyone to interact widely in the global arena. Twitter is also of special importance in Iranian public opinion and is considered as an elite media and on the other hand in the field of social, political and cultural activists is the focus of most young people in Iran and the world. The purpose of this study is to investigate the behavior of Twitter activists and its role on the decrease or increase of participation in political protests among the youth of Tehran in the November 1398 protests following the announcement of an increase in gasoline prices. The type of research is descriptive survey and the statistical population of the study was all Twitter users in Tehran who were selected by sampling method and the research tool included a questionnaire. The findings of the study indicate a positive relationship between the use of Twitter and the political activism of Tehran youth in political protests in the protest event. Due to the growth of Twitter users in Iran, the need for proper training and exploitation and support for domestic media content producers in the face of rumors and media espionage and the development of dialogue in such a comprehensive and effective social media in the country can To be useful and effective in preventing or controlling protests and political and social crises such as the protests of November 2019 in Tehran.

The purpose of the current research was to reconstruct the narratives and experiences of teenagers in order to identify the duality of identity in the virtual and real space. The research method was qualitative and reconstruction type, which was conducted with interview participants. The statistical population of the research was all secondary school students of Ardabil province. The sample size included 16 students who were selected by purposive sampling and based on the principle of theoretical saturation. Semi-structured and in-depth narrative interviews were used to collect data, and for its reliability, the method of re-reading the narratives and re-referring the entire written narrative to some school counselors was used. The data was analyzed based on thematic analysis. The results of reconstructing the narratives of teenagers showed that real and virtual space has led to the formation of different and sometimes dual identities in teenagers. This identity duality can be seen in religious, family, sexual, national, ethnic and cultural dimensions. The identity of teenagers in the real space was more formed, coherent and real, and in the virtual space, it was relatively mobile, unstable and numerous. An identity which, according to some features, can be called a modern or re-thinking identity. In addition to trying to protect traditional sources of identity in the real world, teenagers showed themselves to be in favor of a global or cosmopolitan identity in cyberspace.

The main purpose of this study is to identify parenting mediation experiences in the relationship between their children and cyberspace, and therefore the main question of the study is what strategies do parents use to mediate and regulate their children's use of the Internet? To answer these study questions, "mediation" has been used as an approach in media studies. The samples of this study were the parents of children aged 9 to 12 years who were selected by purposive sampling method and the sample size was based on sampling to theoretical saturation. The transcripts of the interviews were thematically analyzed using MaxQUD software after implementation, and the data were presented under three headings: Parents' Attitudes, Parents' Strategies, and Parents' Challenges. The key finding of this study is that each parent uses a wide range of mediation strategies that are directly related to parents' gender, age and perceptions of their children's maturity. Parents' limited awareness of the dangers of cyberspace has led to an increase in proactive mediation among parents. In addition, the digital literacy gap between them and their children causes some of them to adopt a release strategy at a later age, knowing that their children are incapable.

 The present study aims at investigating the effect of using virtual social networks on the religious identity of high school students in Jahrom. The survey method was used in this research. The statistical population are whole male and female high school students in Jahrom, whose approximate numbers are about 7000 in the year 1400, of which 375 are selected as a sample by using multi-stage random sampling method. The research instrument is a questionnaire that has been used to determine its validity by face validity method and to determine its reliability by internal coordinated method by Cronbach's alpha method. The descriptive results revealed that the average score of students' religious identity in Jahrom was at moderate to high level. Analytical findings also showed that there was a significant relationship between cyberspace (total) and religious identity (total). Cyberspace (total) affects students' emotional and practical identity, but the relationship between cyberspace (total) and students' beliefs was not significant. Among the demographic variables, there was a significant relationship between gender, grade, field of study, type of schools, father's education, social class and students' religious identity. Explain the dependent variable in terms of the sum of independent variables. Target variables, activity and participation in cyberspace, cyberspace (total), attitude towards the contents in cyberspace, social class, gender, mother's job, field of study, father's job, father's education, are the strongest predictors of students' religious identity, respectively and these factors are able to explain 0.151 of the variance changes in religious identity. 

The present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing and qualitatively studying the harms of cyber space for teenagers (girls of first and second high school) with a soft power approach. In this article, in order to collect field data, a semi-structured group interview was conducted with 58 instructors and staff of the Union of Islamic Student Associations (as a group that is in contact with teenagers), and also that the sampling method in this research is non-probability of the type It has been purposeful and the interview collection process has been stopped as soon as saturation is reached. From the conducted interviews, a core category under the title of injuries of cyber space for teenagers, 5 main categories under the title of influence of identity, personality and lifestyle from cyber space, desire to break norms, instrumental and materialistic view of one's body, lack of ability to produce content and Lack of media literacy, 9 sub-categories under the title of imitating virtual famous figures (celebrities, bloggers, influencers), desire to keep pets, wasting time in cyberspace, false portrayal of the ideal woman, letting go of excitement and gaining fame in cyberspace.Virtual, extreme desire to be seen, interest in making money from virtual space, consumerism, vulnerability are extracted.It should be noted that due to the fact that in qualitative research it is not possible to generalize the findings to a wide range of people.In this research, there is no generalization of the findings to a large community of people, and only the views of the research participants have been presented.Union of Student Islamic Associations; students; Cyberspace; teenager.

In recent years, the publication of literary works in digital space and virtual networks - which we named as virtual literature - is increasing and expanding. This type of literature takes on a new color every day with the invention of new communication, information and multimedia technologies and therefore has special features. Due to the change in the context and method in virtual space, literary works are presented in terms of features, elements and literary genres, different from written and traditional literature. This article seeks to use the argumentative method after describing the facts in the virtual literature paradigm to provide the necessary reasons for measuring this hypothesis based on scientific theories: "Virtual literature as a new theory in the digital age." It has characteristics, elements and genres that distinguish it from written and traditional literature." The results of this research indicate that in virtual literature, virtual poetry or hyper poetry and in prose, hypertext fiction are used more than other types of literature and have a prominent place in multimedia literary productions.

Cyberspace, a domain that meaningfully impacts on human lifestyle, can change a society's thoughts and perceptions of moral values, including social self-sacrifice (the Quranic eisar). This is one of the moral and social values in Islam, which has been addressed in several verses and hadiths. It means to prioritize the other over oneself when it comes to making profit or avoiding harm and loss. Considering today’s status of self-sacrifice in both religion and cyberspace, it is necessary to study and identify the impacts and outcomes of cyberspace in the field of this Islamic value. In our descriptive-analytical study, six cyberspace effects on social self-sacrifice have been identified and studied, including two positive, one negative, and three conditional or double ones. These effects are fully stated in the summary of the article. Identifying the impacts and outcomes is the preliminary step in cyberspace policy-making and providing an impact assessment for its being focused on self-sacrifice, because here, policies and solutions for reducing (or eliminating) the negative effects and solutions for strengthening the positive effects are presented. At the end of the article, two suggestions have been made: 1- Providing an impact assessment for cyberspace focusing on values, including self-sacrifice; 2- Monitoring the evolution of values in cyberspace and introducing the responsible organizations in different stages of monitoring.

Today, the development of information and communication technologies and the emergence of emerging technologies have led to a dramatic change in the field of cyberspace. The most important means of influencing this space is to create technological infrastructure and content production management because cyberspace is formed through this infrastructure, but the key to this mass impact in this space should be sought in the power of control over big data and content produced; In this research, a documentary study and a meta-combined research method have been used. 96 basic concepts were categorized, each of which was placed under 8 categories after the category, the most important of these findings are features such as content interactivity, multimedia, content-oriented content and privacy. If by knowing the components and features of cyberspace content, it is possible to perform better activities in cyberspace and manage and monitor this space content in the best way, also with regard to policy and content management, better decision about what kind of content and how it should be produced and published Which can be considered effective.

In the contemporary world, the growing importance of cyberspace and the numerous hazards that have been formed in this virtual ecosystem, have created conditions wherein various organizations and institutions, always seek to maintain and improve security in various areas of cyberspace to carry out their missions successfully. Given this issue, the present research was conducted to analyze cybersecurity communication, focusing on the implementation of filtering and users’ media literacy.

The present research was carried out using a quantitative approach and with an applied purpose, using a survey-type field method. The socio-statistical population includes “FATA police” officers and some lawyers with a high level of expertise and experience in Iran’s judicial system. The sample size includes 25 high-ranking “FATA police” officers and 25 lawyers of the judicial system of Tehran, who were selected using purposeful and judgmental sampling.

The respondents’ perception of applying the maximum filtering policy in Iran shows its failure in improving the security of cyberspace. Also, increasing the level of media literacy among users in its various dimensions and components will improve their security in Iran’s cyberspace.

Given the ineffectiveness of the current filtering policies, we need reforms in the implementation processes of the filtering policy to change the maximum filtering to the minimum level and continuous training of media literacy social skills and its repetition in parallel with the expansion of the use of interactive technologies.

In most of the countries of the world, Internet crimes are considered as an acute and very important problem, and the governments are trying to find different solutions to prevent it from happening. and cause the loss of confidentiality of data and computer systems, they can be examined in parallel with the plan in domestic law in the realm of international documents. Cyber space has made it possible for criminals to commit modern crimes that were not criminalized in the previous laws. created in the most parts of the world regardless of geographical borders; Therefore, this issue attracted the attention of legislators at the national and international level, and even the legislators realized that limiting the domain of computer crimes to those written in national documents and laws is not enough to resist these crimes. Now the question is, what legal mechanisms have different countries used for computer crimes in cyberspace? The findings show that computer crimes are a serious issue in most countries, and countries have taken necessary measures to prevent them by passing laws appropriate to the type of crimes.

The governance of cyberspace in the Islamic Republic of Iran is faced with numerous challenges, leading to governance in this field being significantly far from the ideal point. The aim of this research is to identify the major factors affecting the improvement of the governance of cyberspace in the Islamic Republic of Iran, prioritize them, and provide strategic recommendations for each of them. In the first step, through semi-structured interviews with 11 experts and then analyzing their content, the components and factors affecting the improvement of cyberspace governance performance were identified. These components encompass the following elements: (1) the fundamental theory and governance model of cyberspace, (2) institutional structure, (3) laws and regulations, (4) macro policies and strategies, (5) the manner of interaction between governance and countries, institutions, and international companies, (6) the manner of interaction between governance and the private sector, (7) the manner of interaction between governance and individuals and non-governmental organizations, (8) the manner of interaction between governance and scientific and research institutions, (9) Officials and agents of cyberspace governance system, (10) Corruption, conflict. In the second step of the research, the importance-performance analysis (IPA) method was employed to assess the components of cyberspace governance identified in the first step. A questionnaire was distributed to 21 experts and specialists in the field of cyberspace governance to gather their insights on the relative importance and performance of each component. After data analysis, using the four-quadrant IPA matrix and the "normalized characteristic weight" table, the priority of each of the eleven components (such as the fundamental theory and governance model of cyberspace, institutional structure, laws and regulations, etc.) was determined. Additionally, strategic recommendations were provided for each of the eleven components to guide their improvement and effective governance.After analysis using the IPA method, the following prioritization of factors is proposed:The method of governance interaction with the private sectorFundamental theory and model of cyberspace governanceThe method of governance interaction with the public and public institutionsInstitutional structureThe method of governance interaction with countries, international institutions, and companiesThe method of governance interaction with academic and research institutionsCorruption, conflict of interest, and monopolyPolicies and grand strategiesOfficials and agents of the cyberspace governance systemLaws and regulationsEnemy infiltrationBased on the positioning of the above factors in each of the four quadrants of the IPA matrix, the following strategic recommendations are suggested: Strategy for the First Quadrant (keeping up the good work):The institutional structure component is positioned in the first quadrant, indicating that its importance is high based on experts' opinions. Regarding its performance, it lies near the border area between the first and fourth quadrants. As a result, the relative performance value of this component lies in the borderline range, meaning that there is room for improvement in its implementation and effectiveness. Component 4, represented by "Policies and grand strategies," has a high relative importance, as it falls in the first quadrant. Additionally, its relative performance value is also high, indicating its current effectiveness in governance of cyberspace. Therefore, this component is considered to need less improvement compared to the other factors. This implies that the policies and grand strategies in place are mostly sound, but there is room for further refinement to enhance the overall effectiveness of the governance of cyberspace. Strategy for the Second Quadrant (waste of resources):Component 11, representing "Enemy infiltration," is situated in the second quadrant, indicating that it has low relative importance, yet its relative performance value is high. This scenario may suggest that the resources devoted to mitigate this factor are potentially excessive or disproportionate to its actual significance. Consequently, it is recommended that this factor be removed from the agenda in order to allocate resources more efficiently and focus on factors that possess higher importance values. Components 3 (Laws and regulations) and 9 (Officials and agents of the cyberspace governance system) are situated in the second quadrant and adjacent to the third, suggesting that their relative importance values are relatively low, yet their relative performance values are moderately high. This indicates that investment in either area may be unnecessary or excessive. It is recommended that a reassessment of the resources allocated to these components be conducted to ensure efficient use of resources and prioritization of factors with higher importance values. Strategy for the Third Quadrant (indifference):Components 5 (The method of governance interaction with countries, international institutions, and companies) and 10 (Corruption, conflict of interest, and monopoly) are positioned in the third quadrant, indicating that they have low relative importance values and low relative performance values. This suggests that there is no need to take action on them, as their impact on the governance of cyberspace is minimal. Instead, resources and efforts can be allocated to factors that have higher importance and significance. Strategy for the Fourth Quadrant (improvement and investment priorities):Components 1 (Fundamental theory and model of cyberspace governance), 6 (The method of governance interaction with the private sector), 7 (The method of governance interaction with the public and public institutions), and 8 (The method of governance interaction with academic and research institutions) are situated in the fourth quadrant, indicating their high relative importance and low relative performance values. Given this, it is recommended that these components be prioritized for improvement and investment, as they represent areas where significant improvement is necessary to enhance the overall governance of cyberspace. Upon examining the components in the fourth quadrant, it is notable that Component 8 lies on the border of the four quadrants, indicating a lower priority compared to the other three components in the fourth quadrant. Furthermore, Components 1 and 7 are situated near the first quadrant, suggesting their relative priority is slightly lower than that of Component 6.

The present study seeks to know the approaches of science promotion in virtual media. The main question of this research is what are the approaches used in promoting scientific content in virtual space? The purpose of research is to show the system of new topics in new media. In this research, 15 selected sites from America, Malaysia, and Iran have been studied and compared. The analysis method of this research is qualitative content analysis with a comparative approach. In the current research, the unit of analysis is "website". Websites that each have specific approaches in the field of popular science promotion. "Meaning" unit is also a set of images, words or sentences in which one can find a connection of similar and identical meanings and categorize them based on the meaning.The results of this study show that the promotion of science in the media, based on categories such as; The topics are agriculture and environment, indigenous culture and knowledge, health, healthcare and treatment, tourism, entrepreneurship and self-employment, and media literacy. In the meantime, attention to local culture and knowledge has been more on Iranian sites and some Malaysian sites than on American sites. However, it can be said that the tendency to promote modern science in all categories is greater among American and Malaysian sites.

Criminalizing crimes against public ethic and decency in cyberspace, in addition to highlighting the strengths of the case, also puts gaps and weaknesses before the legislature to establish criminal titles, but creating behavioral restrictions through criminalization is contrary to the basic principle. It is freedom and obscenity of actions that should be limited to the most important and vital issues and should not limit the scope of voluntary activities of individuals.This article, with a descriptive-analytical method, examines the commission of crimes against public ethic and decency, especially pornography and prostitution in cyberspace, and examines social prevention methods and the situation for combating cybercrime in this environment. According to the results, among the social prevention methods against cybercrime, situational-oriented social measures with sub-categories of family-oriented prevention and educational-cyber prevention, and among society-based measures, information, participation and consensus, accountability promotion and culture building were mentioned. Also, among the prevention methods in cyberspace, situational prevention measures with a subset of restrictive measures, surveillance measures, licensing and identification and encryption tools were mentioned, which with the help of these measures, it will be possible to deal with cyber behavioral deviations to a large extent.

Nowadays, the social system is deeply affected by new and cyber technologies, and in this new environment, emerging crimes are formed. Hence, the purpose of this research is to examine the scientific solutions to prevent, deal with, and discover them from the point of view of specialists and experts in the east of Tehran province.
The research method of this article is mixed; In which, in the qualitative part and from the expert panel, the views of specialists and experts were collected and analyzed, and in the quantitative part; Information has been collected through the method of surveying and completing the questionnaire by a statistical sample.
In the qualitative part, the thematic analysis of the data revealed 45 strategy to deal with and fight emerging crimes in Cyber space. Of the 45 strategies, 23 strategy are in the prevention, 10 strategies in crime fighting, 12 strategies in crime detection areas. In qualitative part, it was found that there is a difference between the views of the respondents regarding the strategies to prevent, fight and detect emerging crimes. Discovery strategies, combat strategies, and prevention strategies have the highest average, respectively. Eigenvalues of exploratory factor analysis showed that factors 1, 2, and 3 have an eigenvalue greater than 1, and in the rotation of the factors, each of them has a close distance to each other. Solutions to control and deal with emerging crimes in the cyberspace can be categorized into three section; 1) situational and technical solutions, 2) legal and disciplinary solutions and 3) social and cultural solutions.
the results show that detecting crimes is a priority for police officers; whereas there is a need to put more emphasis on prevention and fighting crimes through training and briefing police officers. The solutions to control emerging crimes in the cyberspace require extensive planning in all dimensions, that are technical, situational, legal, disciplinary and social.

Baiting is considered as a behavior that aims at disputes, personal and financial abuses, conflicts, etc. in cyberspace. Baiting can be influenced by various factors that aggravate these crimes in cyberspace. The purpose of this study is to identify the effective factors and strategies to prevent bait in mixed approach cyberspace.

The present study, in terms of applied purpose and in terms of nature and method, is in the category of exploratory research. According to the research strategy, the steps of conducting research should be described in two parts, qualitative and quantitative. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative and quantitative sections consists of academic experts who were selected as the sample members based on the principle of theoretical adequacy of 14 people. On the other hand, in the qualitative part of the research, semi-in-depth (semi-structured) interviews were used to collect data, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed using CVR and Kappa Cohen coefficient. Also, in a small part, a pairwise comparison questionnaire was used to collect data, which its validity and reliability were confirmed by content validity and incompatibility rate, respectively. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively using Atlas.ti software and coding approach.

The results show that individual causes (age, gender, aggression, moral insanity, etc.), lack of appropriate and deterrent rules and regulations, weakness in infrastructure and security systems, disbelief in value. The norms and attractiveness of cyberspace were identified as the most important effective factors of baiting in cyberspace. The findings also indicate that the use of Islamic views and teachings, culture building (institutionalizing the culture of using cyberspace), educating and informing users and increasing user resilience are the most important ways to prevent bait. are placed in cyberspace.

Online anti-social behaviors such as bait disrupt constructive debates, affect some military elements of the people, and provide the basis for crime. In the past, cyber-baiting behavior was thought to be limited to an anti-social minority, but even ordinary people do so because of the characteristics of cyberspace.

With the expansion of cyberspace, the prevention of 10-1 violations has always been the focus of police and judicial officers in law enforcement and intelligence missions and members of the criminal justice system; Accordingly, identifying and explaining preventive protection measures to ensure privacy in Iran's criminal justice system and international instruments is undeniable.

The inviolability of the dimensions and security of privacy in cyberspace has been emphasized by users and the police in police missions and preliminary investigations, and the necessary criminal measures have been taken to criminalize cyberspace and appropriate criminal liability for violators of privacy have been charged and it is necessary to adopt preventive approaches and measures to ensure the security of privacy. The basic approach is based on protecting the security of correspondence, correspondence, data and private information of users and activists in cyberspace and in general The international consensus on the protection and security of all aspects of privacy is emphasized in international instruments.

In addition to legislative and criminal actions for violating privacy in cyberspace by the custodians of the criminal justice system, police and judicial officers actions and disciplinary measures to achieve security and privacy in the implementation of organizational missions in this space It is necessary and plays an effective role in identifying and dealing with instances of privacy breaches in intelligence and law enforcement missions, and international instruments have also given serious consideration to the prohibition of privacy breaches. Therefore, it is necessary for judicial officers and public security police and FATA police to play an effective role in protecting privacy in intelligence and preliminary investigation missions by taking preventive measures in parallel with legislative measures.