جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "ethnic" در نشریات گروه "علوم اجتماعی"

In the prevailing currents of sociology and political science, the primary emphasis has traditionally leaned towards the examination of institutions, elite actors, and foreign interventions as explanatory factors for ethnic and religious conflicts. However, cultural sociology and the sociology of culture have introduced an alternative perspective, providing an additional lens through which to understand this phenomenon. These branches of study underscore the significance of cultural factors and value systems, shedding light on their pivotal role in the genesis of such conflicts. However, investigating the causal relationship between the cultural and value systems of societies and their respective developments with ethnic-religious conflicts requires a precise standard to measure it.Value and attitude Data underwent both theoretical and statistical refinement. Furthermore, a comprehensive ten-year longitudinal study systematically examined the empirical relationship between the cultural index and ethnoreligious conflicts. The initial phase of this longitudinal investigation involved 81 countries, followed by an expanded sample of 93 countries in the second round. Finally, through the aggregation of the entire dataset, the relationship between the cultural index and ethnoreligious conflicts was thoroughly measured.The findings indicate the cohesion of the conflict index comprised of four foundational cultural factors—embeddedness, intolerance, masculinity, and the sense of being chosen.Results reveal that this conflict index has demonstrated the capacity to elucidate a substantial portion of activism rooted in ethnicity and religion, whether directed against the other or manifested in conflicts between the government and ethnic/religious groups. The regression analysis indicates that approximately 40 percent of the variations in country-level conflicts can be predicted by the cultural factors inherent in the conflict index.

In contemporary society, marginalization has emerged as a significant social issue, imposing formidable barriers to social development. Accordingly, this study aims to explore the causal and contextual factors contributing to the stagnation of social development among marginalized residents of Pakdasht and Qiyam-Dasht. The study population consists of individuals residing in the marginalized areas of Pakdasht and Qiyam-Dasht, who were purposively and theoretically sampled. In-depth individual interviews were conducted with 38 residents from these areas, with the criterion of theoretical saturation determining the termination of interviews. The data analysis followed the grounded theory method, employing the Straussian approach. The research findings reveal the causal conditions for the suspension of social development, including mutual irreversibility, transient and instrumental actions, weak self-concept, intergenerational perpetuation of poverty, and limited access to resources. Furthermore, the grounds contributing to the stagnation of social development manifest through categories such as divergent roles, gaps in social awareness, inadequate resource availability and reference groups, erosion of family boundaries, and institutional distrust. The outcomes illuminate that the mosaic structure of these regions has been shaped by ethnic conflicts and identity clashes. The dominance of ethnic pursuits, stemming from these conflicts and regressive ideologies, has hindered societal convergence. Furthermore, identity conflicts, exacerbated by profound inequalities, have impeded the adaptation of these ethnic groups to the modern world, particularly in the context of Tehran. Consequently, individuals in these areas tend to engage in transient and utilitarian actions, limiting the establishment of sustainable social interactions and impeding social development.

Policy-making on the teaching of ethnic and local languages, like any other issue, cannot be based only on value and normative guidelines and without considering the requirements of the environment and strategic considerations. For this purpose, a research was conducted with the aim of identifying the driver factors and influential actors in the issue of teaching ethnic and local languages in Iran. In order to identify the driver factors, we used the method of “Cross Impact Analysis”  using Micmac software, and for "actor analysis" we used Mactor software. As the most important to prevent the important group of "ethnic activists" from falling into the coalition of opponents of the political system; To continue the alliance with"Convergents who want to increase the ethnic share"; And also, in order to neutralize the factors of "ethnic nation-building" and "ethnic divergence", it is suggested that the policymaker should put aside his relative inaction in the issue of teaching ethnic and local languages and take control of the field with a deliberate action. However, the educational program of ethnic and local language and literature should not have the characteristics of "public" and "standardization" which is the main demand of "ethnic fighters" with the aim of nation building. On the other hand, the desired educational program should be "elitist", with the aim of identifying and flourishing talents and considering the preservation of different varieties of native languages as the linguistic heritage of the country and away from being influenced by foreign varieties.

Lifestyle is one of the topics that has been considered by experts and theorists of humanities and social sciences in recent decades. Attention to this issue arises from profound social and cultural changes that has revealed the contribution of men and women in various cultural, social and political fields in the modern world. In this regard, this study was conducted to investigate coffee shop youth lifestyle in Dehdasht City. The theoretical framework is derived from the theories of Weber, Bourdieu, Giddens and Berman. The descriptive research method was of the correlational type and the statistical population included 205 young people who were present in the coffee shops of Dehdasht city. Among them, based on Morgan's table, a sample of 100 people was selected using the available sampling method. Data collection tools, questionnaires and variables reliability were calculated usingCronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.86. To analyze the data, Pearson correlation and multiple regression statistical methods were used with the help of SPSS software. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the degree of cosmopolitanism of the youth of coffee shop and their lifestyle(p<0.000). But the two variables of religiosity and ethnic and tribal affiliations had no significant relationship. Finally, based on the research results, some suggestions were presented.

Lifestyle is one of the topics that have been the focus of experts and theorists of humanities and social sciences in recent decades. Paying attention to this issue has arisen from deep social and cultural changes that have shown the contribution of women and men in various social, cultural and political fields in the modern word. Considering the increasing importance of the social, political, cultural, etc. role of young girls and boys in creating and recreating patterns consumption behaviors (lifestyle) of young people, our emphasis in this research is on young people. This research analyzes the lifestyle of young people in coffee shop in Bojnourd City. The research is a part applied research in terms of its purpose and descriptive- survey in terms of implementation method. The statistical population of this research has been included 100 of young people in the coffee shop of Bojnourd city, and 100 available people were selected in this research. Library and field methods have been used to collect information. The data collection tool was a researcher made questionnaire. The reliability of variables was calculated using Cronbache’s alpha coefficient of 0.86. The content validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by export professors. For experiment and statistical analysis, factor analysis method was used using SPSS version 19 and structural model method with PLS software. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the lifestyle of the coffee shop youth of Bojnourd city with the degree of consmopolitanism, religiosity and ethnic and tribal affiliations.

One of the most fundamental issues facing today's societies is the social identity that has undergone major changes with the advent of virtual networks. The virtual world is relatively separated from the real world with features such as inability, transcendence, multiplicity, accessibility, synchronization, and so on. Fundamental to the formation of social identities is human interaction. In fact, when one interacts with another, one finds his/her identity as a member of society. Identity is defined in the context of social interaction. In Iranian society, identities have become fluid and changeable. Traditional identities are gradually being questioned and new identities emerging that do not have previous integration and stability. Mass media is one of the most important sources of identity change in today's society, including in the area of women's lives. The research method was quantitative and data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of this study is women in Tehran. The results show that all aspects of Tehranian women's social identity (family, national, ethnic, and religious) are weakened.

Proverbs are an important part of popular culture and oral literature of various human societies that are collectively constructed and reflects their cultural foundations. Because Laki's proverbs, which is influenced by ethnic and tribal social structure and is rooted in their beliefs and lived experiences, evidence and examples are found that indicate the construction and reproduction of violence. The present article intends to social understanding of violence and its forms in the lived experience of Lak people, which are represented in Laki's proverbs. The theoretical approach is based on the views of David Metza, Nisbet and Cohen, Parsons's theory of action, Robert Connell's concept of masculinity and Derrida's theory of linguistic violence. according to this research, guide questions are: in Laki's proverbs, what is the perception of violence? How many are classified violence in to general categories? what role does violence play in the acquisition of male and female gender identities? What is the common, unifying, and final theme that represents the meaning of violence in the Lak people? Data (proverbs) by examining collected documents and after verification and thematic analysis through interviews with 20 men 50 years and older who are knowledgeable about Laki popular culture, were analyzed by "qualitative content analysis". Findings show: the proverbs denoting the representation of the violence or are meant to encourage violence are categorized into four main classes including verbal violence, dominance-oriented violence, encouragement of violence, and violence and hostility. Violence is the cause of within-group convergence and is regarded as a solution to resolve social issues of main research sample. Violence is represented in different forms such as anger, humiliation and insult, discrimination against women, and threat to use violence. A consistency and convergence are reported between violence and male identity. Masculinity refers to those people who are capable of applying violence. In these proverbs, a desirable attitude and perception exists with regard to violence in the sense that violence has equal status similar to sanctimonious religious concepts. It seems that such attitude towards violence is a social outcome having ethnic and tribal structure and context in which each group has supply its own security. Therefore, in such society men had achieved an excellent status and position as fighting forces and suppliers of security.

In spite of the fact that Kolys live for many years in Iran, they have always been excluded by the majorities and have been recognized by a special identity in the imagination of them, so that in different cities, including the city of Sari, they have experienced displacement and leaving their place of residence. Therefore, this research has been done by using ethnographic method and qualitative content analysis with the aim of understanding the contexts, conditions, and experiences of Kolys living in the Nobonyad town about exclusion,. The results of this study show that exclusion of Kolys living in the Nobonyad town is due to two main factors which are different culture and continuous social, economic, political, and legal deprivation. Although each of these factors exacerbates the other, the simultaneous effects of these two factors do not apply to all Kolys. These factors lead to generating fear through othering and generalizing negative imaginations. Overcoming this fear, enables a different set of processes such as rejecting the other, strengthening social capital within the group, reducing exposure and effective out-group relationships, and spatial segregation to take place, which lead to the exclusion of Kolys in various dimensions and domains of everyday life.

The present paper attempts to derive a qualitative and grounded theory approach to the paradigmatic model of the concept of ethnic violence based on subjective perceptions and actors' interpretations and definitions of this concept.The research method is grounded theory method using Strauss and Corbin paradigm model. The qualitative data in this study were collected using in-depth interview technique. The subjects under study are 26 ethnic elites of West Azerbaijan Province from two Turkic and Kurdish ethnicities. They were selected based on qualitative / purposeful sampling method and theoretical saturation criterion. Continuous comparison method was used for data analysis during three stages of open coding, axial selection and selection.The data were collected in the form of 121 concepts and 13 central categories in the interviews with the Kurdish and Azeri Turkic elites. The results showed ethnic and religious divisions, ethnic nationalism, weakness of intercultural communication, media violence representation, ethnic power relations. Non-compliance with civil rights, non-establishment of civil society and discrimination are the most important causes of ethnic violence. The consequences will be a weakening of inter-ethnic cooperation, a weakening of national identity, insecurity and a threat to sustainable national security, forced migration of residents, and economic underdevelopment in West Azerbaijan province. Underlying conditions such as ethnic susceptibility are heterogeneous populations. Social tolerance, equitable distribution of wealth, power, dignity and social policymaking were identified as strategies for this phenomenon. Ultimately, the phenomenon of ethnic (political and social violence) emerged. ”

Over the past few decades, ethnic studies in Iran have increased a number of causes. Nevertheless, it seems that ethnic problems in Iran have become an unresolved subject. One of the reasons for the ineffectiveness of the policies of the ethnic management system is information sources far from field facts. This research is based on the ideas of Mead, Blumer, Jenkins, Thomas, Hall and Milton Bennet in relation to collective identity with the aim of identifying the Vacuums and epistemic damage of ethnic studies in Iran around these three axes: 1. Introduction, Review and Classification of Early Ethnic Studies in Iran 2. Checking and criticism of Ethnic studies in Iran 3. Propose a model for ethnic studies in Iran. For research purposes, descriptive-analytical method and the Technique of Review map and the form of extraction of materials have been used. One of the most important achievements of the research is designing the field of sociology of identity based on three fundamental theorems of the concepts of the media world, the real world and identity, along with the presentation of a model of diverse ethnic identity.

The political culture in current societies, in general, and in a transitional society such as Iran, in particular, has a critical role in the development of civic and political participation; and in this respect, elites and middle class have a crucial role in the creation and solidification of democratic political culture. Within the conceptual framework of Tessler, the current study is an attempt to investigate the political culture orientations among teachers and other concomitant factors. This study is a survey during which 310 teachers in Boukan were interviewed. In terms of cognitive dimensions (political pluralism) and the extent of involvement dimensions (practical involvement in politics) in political culture, the mean political culture among the teachers was average. Results of the present study indicated that 54.5 percent of the teachers had a democratic political culture, 17.8 percent were indifferent toward political culture, 15.5 percent had an activist political culture, and 11.3 percent had a limited political culture. Explanatory findings showed that there is a direct relationship between the teachers’ political culture and variables such age, socioeconomic status, experiences of political participation, and ethno-religious orientations. Also multivariate regression analysis indicated that these variables determined 52 percent of the variation in the political culture orientations among teachers.

This study aimed to investigate the role of mediation in settling disputes among tribes in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province with the approach of restorative justice has been done. It also is intended to provide relief for the victim.. The research method is the quantitative and technical survey, the population in this study consisted of 160 tribal families in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, a questionnaire that interviews conducted by using SPSS software data analysis is used. It can be concluded that criminal mediation through tribal elders sat in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad's great conversation and resolve conflicts and avoid fights and quarrels, and can be used as a new manifestation of the criminal justice arm is suitable for the judiciary.

Changing in international relations content¡ new perspectives and availability of information technologydue to globalization is reason of the importance of ethnicity and religious-ethnic minorities during this time especially in politics. Under the influence of changing in the approaches and factors in international relations¡ diplomacy is also not far from these developments and changing. The important things about this matter are two issues; first¡perception of the security issues in the Middle East that is under the influence of ethnic diversity and second¡ the need for a new approach to content and tools in the diplomatic process. For these two issues¡ choosing a diplomatic approach by ethnic and cultural homogeneity is required¡ the thing that constructivism school has especial ability to analyze and explain. Because according to this theory what people want is “who has relation whit them and how much is rate of affiliation and similarities identity whit them and their ethnic”. So choosing a person with the same ethnic and religious identities in today's Middle East for an efficient diplomacy is necessary and effective. This manner helps some country like Iran who has Strong historical identity¡ in foreign affair and national solidarity. In brief¡ taking into account today's realities of globalization ¡ethnic and cultural identity and internal conditions¡ choosing new approach for greater participation of ethnic groups in foreign policy and diplomacy seems to be necessary and useful.

Considering the importance of diversity in communities with different ethnic background, its impact on national unity and integration is obvious. The aim of this study was to determine the national-ethnic identity dimensions and comparing ethnic, national and global identity in the students from different ethnic groups in Azerbaijan Shahid Madani University. The method of this study was causal-comparative and population includes students of three ethnic groups (Turk, Lor and Kurd) who were enrolled in the academic year 91-92. The sample size was 364 subjects that calculated by krejcie and Morgan sample size table. The study sampling method was snowball sampling. To measure the dimensions of ethnic and national identity, were used the ethnicity and nationality scale and acceptance of globalization scale to student global identity. For data analysis, was used the exploratory factor analysis and multivariate analysis of variance. The results in national-ethnic identity dimensions indicate nine identity dimensions that was explained 70% of the variance of the students’ national-ethnic identity. From the nine identity dimensions, six components were for ethnic and three for nationalism. Also the results showed that in general, composition of students’ scores were different together in three components of ethnic, national, and global identity. Finally, there are differences between ethnic groups in terms of component related with non-ethnic and prejudice national, but these differences wasn’t observed in national and global dimensions of life.

The present paper subject is analysis of socioeconomic and cultural issues affecting electoral participation in Turks, Kurds and Baluch. The theoretical framework of the study based on Lipset and Huntington's approach to analyzing the impact of economic development on democratization and the recent opinion of the thinkers, such as Almond and Verba and Jill on the Effect of Culture on democracy.
In this regard, argues that the issue affects people in different components, and therefore comprehensive analysis of the ethnic, cultural, economic and correspondence have to consider both the elements and their interaction. In this perspective, as a bold assumption argues economic factors affecting the participation must review and interpretation in light of the cultural factors.
In General, research method is based on experiment (observation-manipulation- observation). First observation is ethnic participation in the ninth presidential election, the manipulation is socio-economic development and second observation is electoral participation in tenth presidential election.
The result of this process will accurate in the light of the specific components of each ethnic group. By result argues Iranian ethnic participation is different. Maybe some correlations were seen between economic development and participation but must not ignore cultural factors. As in Baluch there is no relation in economic development and participation that could explains by cultural issues. Conclusion Given the importance of the concept of culture in the analysis of relating to ethnic issues in Iran.

The immigration as a problem for third countries world has been emerged within the recent century. What causes the immigration to be deemed as a problem is impossibility of attracting the immigrants by the cities, governments’ inability in providing facilities to the mass volume of immigrants to the cities and formation of informal settlement phenomenon. The main objective of this research is studying the quality of informal settlements formation in Sanandaj and presenting strategy for their organization. The methodology of this research is applied and the data has been collected according to descriptive-survey style. The statistical society of present study is consisted of all family guardians in Abbasabad Quarter in Sanandaj. The sampleincludes 400 family guardians residing in this quarter that have been selected by random sampling. The data has been collected by researcher-made questionnaire. The results of this study indicate that regional inequalities between city and village has affected the immigration of villagers to the studied quarter and ethnic, cultural and kinship associates and joint local origins have affected the population dispersal. In addition, the summary implies the residents’ low sense of belonging to their quarter and naturally their low collaboration rate in the affairs related to the quarter.