جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "feeling of justice" در نشریات گروه "علوم اجتماعی"

Modern societies are undergoing various changes, and one of the important areas of change is educational equity and justice. This study aims to explore the state of educational justice and its relationship with violence among secondary school students in Shahrekord, Iran.

Methods and Data: 

The study used survey method. The statistical population consisted of all upper secondary school students in district 1 in Shahrekord (N=5075). The sample was selected based on Cochran's formula. 360 people were randomly selected using cluster sampling technique. A standard violence questionnaire and a researcher-made questionnaire for educational justice were used for data collection.

The correlation coefficient between conflict, verbal-psychological and physical tactics with distributive, procedural and interactional justice was significant. (p > 0.05). The final model showed that educational justice had a negative effect on violence (-0.460), which was significant at the 0.01 level.

There is a significant inverse relationship between conflict, verbal-psychological and physical tactics and distributive, procedural and interactional justice. That is, as educational justice increases, the rate of violence in each of the above three dimensions decreases. This research shows that reducing educational justice leads to an increase in violence among students.

The issue of justice has long been one of the main concerns of human thought and its nature and mode of realization are essential and fundamental questions of history. Like many philosophical, political, and social questions, the discussion of justice can be tracked in ancient Greece (Plato and Aristotle). Aristotle's view of justice is influenced by his general theory of the hierarchical nature of the world. In his view, since creatures differ in terms of ability and merit, therefore, justice means to treat each person as they deserve it (Tinder, 1995: 54).
Justice in social life has two special effects: the implementation of justice and the sense of justice. The implementation of justice is the same as what is sometimes given in the definition of justice at the legislative level, that is, the construction, structure and system of judicial system. In this case, it is not only about the law of justice or the issuance of a just sentence, but rather the general perception and belief that the executive and the judiciary in the courts have adhered to.
The present study, considering the importance of the sense of justice in different areas of social life, as well as the important role of mass media in shaping beliefs, ideas and patterns of thinking and collective action in contemporary societies, investigates the relationship between media consumption with the feeling of justice among students of Mazandaran University. Students are considered to be the most important human capital of any country. The historic record of nations had made it clear that any country with interest in human capital achieves high levels of welfare with speed and quality. On the contrary, countries that have suffered stagnation due to their structural weakness or any other reason in developing their thoughts have not performed well in this area (Kalantari, 1993: 55). Accordingly, the questions that this article attempts to answer is: how media consumption can influence audience's feeling of justice? Is the relationship between the amount of media consumption and the feeling of justice differs with different types of media (newspaper, satellite / Internet TV)?
Material & A survey method has been used to investigate the relationship between media consumption and feeling of justice among students of Mazandaran University. For this purpose, using the available literature, an appropriate questionnaire was first developed and then data was collected. After questionnaires were filled out, the data were analyzed using SPSS. The population of this study consists of undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate students of Mazandaran University in the first semester of the academic year 1391-92. The number of students enrolled in the campus of Mazandaran University was 9819 at that time. To determine the sample size, Cochran formula was used with 95% confidence level and 5% confidence interval. Based on this, using the Cochran formula, a sample of 370 was nominated, but more than 450 questionnaires were distributed in order to be sure that we could at least have 400 acceptable questionnaires to work on. Sampling was random and proportional in terms of the study major and gender. We divided the students into 10 classes according to their major .
Discussion of Results & Out of a total of 400 individuals, 66.3% (265) were female and 33.7% (135) were male. The highest number of respondents (48%) was in the age group of 17-17 years and the lowest number of respondents (1%) were in the age group of 29 years and more. In terms of marital status, single respondents were much more, with 91.7% of them never married, while 7.7% were married and 0.6% had divorced or their spouse had died. Also, the number of undergraduate students was 85.5%, while 13% and 1.5% of the students were in postgraduate studies. Finally, regarding the socio-economic status of the family, more than half of the students (52.5%) belonged to lower class families, while the number of students belonging to families with middle and high socio-economic status were 40.3% and 7.2% respectively.The result show that there is a significant relationship between watching national TV and feeling of justice (P = 0/176, Sig = 0/001) and also the feeling of justice distribution (P = .137, Sig = 0/008). This is a positive relationship which means watching national TV increases the feeling of justice and justice distribution. In contrast, there is a meaningful but negative relationship between watching international TV (satellite) and feeling of justice (P = -0.143, Sig = 0/006) and distributive justice (P = .151 / 0, Sig = 0/004). Also, the relationship between Internet use and feeling of justice is not significant (P = 0.127, Sig = 0.127). Also, the relationship between reading newspaper and feeling of justice is not significant (P = 0.122, P = 0.824).
The results of this study show that the overall feeling of justice in 48.2% of students is low. Meanwhile, the average overall feeling of justice (35.40 out of 100) was also relatively low. These findings are consistent with the results of Ghasemi and others (2010), Hazard Jirobi and Austin Fashan (2009) and Seddiq Sarvestani and Dhaghkele (2008). These results reflect the critical condition of the country in terms of the feeling of justice that is one of the essential components of social stability. The great feeling of injustice may also challenge the legitimacy of the system and increase social misery and unrest, social deviations and reduce the sense of social security (Ahmadi et al., 1393; Delna and Ghanbari, 2006; Rafi Pour, 1998). ). So in addition to the effect of media consumption on the feeling of justice directly, this variable can also affect the feeling of justice through feeling of security; the media consumption variable in a structural model has a direct and significant effect on the sense of justice (Khwaja Nouri And Kaveh, 1392). The results of this study also show that there is an inverse relation between the age of respondents and their sense of justice. These findings are consistent with previous research such as Sediq Sarvestani and Dhaghkele (2008).

Hope for the future is one of the indicators of quality of life and social welfare. The study was conducted with the aim of determining the amount of hope and the factors affecting it among the citizens. The research was conducted by survey method. The statistical population includes citizens over 18 in Tehran. Sample size was 610 people and sampled individuals are selected by simple random sampling and multi-level cluster sampling. Descriptive results show that 54.3 percent of citizens have high hopes and the rest have relative or minimal hopes. the independent variables, it should be noted that the variables of social vitality (happiness), sense of security, satisfaction of needs is estimated at medium upward level, the variables of feeling of deprivation and the economic and social status at the medium level and the variables of sense of acceptability and religiosity at upper and the variable of sense of social justice is estimated at low-medium level. Correlation test results show that all independent variables have a meaningful relationship with hope for future. Regression results show that among independent variables, social vitality with a beta coefficient of 0/415, feeling of deprivation and feeling of social justice each of one with a beta of 0/17 percent have the most significant part in explaining the dependent variable of the research (hope for future). Also, the equation of predicting the rate of hope for future, can account for 34.8 percent of variance of dependent variable, in other words, the mentioned independent variables can affect more than one third of the amount of hope for the future among the people of Tehran.

Trust is one of the fundamentals of social solidarity and it is considered the foundation of legitimacy of the political and economic systems. Also it is a factor of promotion and mobility entrepreneurship. As students are well positioned to influence the cultural, social and even political factors, shaping social trust between them is very important. Research population contains university students of Payame Noor University (west center of Tehran), on the basis of a classified sampling composed of 372 people chosen from this university students. Our research methodology is survey method and all samples have been interviewed. Research findings show that 97.1% of students are at the middle to low level of social trust. The statistical analysis of results show that the components of trust such as religiosity, social relationships and safe structured family are relatively fair; but, in contrast, the rate of deconstruction factors such as low institutional trust and feeling of discrimination is relatively high. Also the research experimental model shows that evaluative variables such as responsibility of institutions and normative rules, access to governmental institutions and feeling of justice (structural and macro variables as fundamental principles of democracy), and the degree of religiosity and social Relationships and existing of safe family (individual variables), directly or indirectly, influences social trust [and explaining 51% of its changes]. According to the research findings, the most effective strategy for increasing trust is to foster democracy and sustain it. Therefore, policy making for the accountability and availability of organizations and institutions, the establishment of normative rules, the removal of obstacles to the realization of social justice at the macro and structural levels serve the purposes of creating social trust.

With regard to the close relationship existed between the dominant discourse and national identity، the present article undertakes to conduct، with the method of survey and the help of questionnaire، a research with the aim of understanding the degree of national identity among Kurd''s young people and its relationship to the sense of social justice. The statistical population of this research consists of the Kurd citizens inhabited in the city of Qorveh and its size is equal to 299 people. Studies show that there is a significant correlation of 49/0 between citizen''s senses of justice and their national identity and the higher sense of justice، the higher citizen''s national identity. The results also reveal that the higher the degree of sense of economic، political، cultural and lingual justice of citizens، the stronger their national identity. Similarly، the findings of the study has confirmed the relationship between national identity and citizens.