جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « impoliteness » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

Symbolic violence is a concept proposed by Pierre Bourdieu and refers to a form of violence that is non-physical, quiet and hidden which is arising from the norms of society. One of the important areas regarding symbolic violence is the issue of women. Women in today's society, especially in the middle class, are considered to be the main victims of symbolic violence. Considering the importance of cinema in representing society, it has become a suitable platform for providing sociological analysis. Three films of Asghar Farhadi, "About Elly", "A Separation" and "The Salesman" by focusing on the life of the middle class and paying attention to the issue of women, have provided the ability to present a sociological analysis. Considering the importance of the issue of symbolic violence, this research examines the discourse of the characters of these three films to analyze the existence and representation of this form of violence. To achieve this goal, Jonathan Culpeper's theory of impoliteness, which is defined based on social norms, has been chosen as the research method. Finally, this research proves that middle-class women are subject to symbolic violence through themes such as lies, divorce, rape and male ownership in Asghar Farhadi's cinema.

Prestige is the general self-image and a kind of respect that a person considers for him/herself. Paying attention to somebody during the conversation is considered politeness and on the other hand, impoliteness is an attack to one’s prestige. In fact, all efforts made by a person to observe politeness to others, are considered prevention of his/her prestige from threatening (Brown & Levinson, 1987). Culpeper (2011) in his discourse theory points to different strategies of impoliteness based on quality/ relational/ social prestige and equities such as, social rights and association rights and also close relations between these concepts. Since Culpeper’s approach is based on factors like context, social norms and feelings and also contains collectivism aspect of prestige, so it could be employed to analyze verbal impoliteness in the Iranian TV family serials. This study is aimed to answer the question of which aspects of this theory can be discussed in “Madarane” TV serial and which patterns of verbal impoliteness it follows. For this purpose, based on purposive sampling, 30 samples of dialogues including relations between kinds of prestige and social rights were selected and analyzed by descriptive-analytical method. The results showed that all the verbal impoliteness patterns including attack to the personal prestige, relational and social, were used in this serial and among them the relational prestige attack, by 86/6 percent, were at the highest rate.

Fear from crime refers to the extent that individuals are concerned about being a victim. The fear leads to reduction in the level of social activity, contribution, lack of trust and undermining the capability and reputation of police. The present article mainly aims at identifying factors which have impact on creation of fear from crime in the suburb of Tabriz. The research has been conducted through using quantitative method, survey technique, and questionnaire as a tool. The sample has been selected through using Cochran formula, and the questionnaire was distributed among households through using cluster sampling method. The research results indicate that there is significant relationship between quality of neighborhood ( -34%), impoliteness (17%),duration of the period living in the neighborhood (- 52%),marital status (29%) ,social surveillance (-38%),crime frequency (47%),social indifference (46%),social trust (-33%) , police presence(- 56%),ignominy sign (41%) and fear from crime; while there is no significant relationship between variables of age education, media and fear from crime.